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更新 2022-09-03
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2013年全国普通高等学校招生统一考试英语

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In 1947 a group of famous people from the art world headed by an Austrian conductor decided to hold an intemational festival of music,dance and theatre in Edinburgh. The idea was to reunite Europe after the Second World War.
At the same time, the “Fringe” appeared as a challenge to the official festival.Eight theatre groups turned up uninvited in 1947,in the belief that everyone should have the right to perform,and they did so in a public house disused for years.
Soon,groups of studentsfirstly from Edinburgh University, and later from the universities of Oxford and Cambridge,Durham and Birmingham were making the journey to the Scottish capital each summer to perform theatre by little-known writers of plays in small church halls to the people of Edinburgh.
Today the “Fringe”,once less recognized, has far outgrown the festival with around 1,500 performances of theatre,music and dance on every one of the 21 days it lasts. And yet as early as 1959,with only 19 theatre groups performing,some said it was getting too big.
A paid administrator was first employed only in 1971, and today there are eight administrators working all year round and the number rises to 150 during August itself. In 2004 there were 200 places housing 1,695 shows by over 600 different groups from 50 different countries. More than 1,25 million tickets were sold.
Point was the purpose of Edinburgh Festival at he beginning?

A．To bring Europe together again.

B．To honor heroes of World War 11.

C．To introduce young theatre groups.

D．To attract great artists from Europe.

Why did some uninvited theatre groups come to Edinburgh in 1947?

A．They owned a public house there.

B．They came to take up a challenge.

C．They thought they were also famous.

D．They wanted to take part in the festival.

Who joined the "Fringe" after it appeared?

A．they owned a public house there

B．University students.

C．人rusts from around the world.

D．Performers of music and dance.

We may learn from the text that Edinburgh Festival.

A．has become a non-official event

B．has gone beyond an art festival

C．gives shows all year round

D．keeps growing rapidly

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Every day, all across the nation, as many as one in four children refuse to go to school. The reasons are various. "School Refusal," formerly known as ''School Phobia", is an actual anxiety-based disorder. Many children are vague about their complaints and unable to be sure what is making them anxious, so it is sometimes regarded as typical childhood will fullness. However, the effects of constant school refusal can be far-reaching for your child’s education.
So, where's the 1ine between what's normal and what's not? "You need to look at whether it is affecting the child or family's normal life," explains Christopher Kearny, Ph.D. In other words,
if a child's grades are suffering from frequent absences or a parent’s job is disturbed, it is time to look closely at the issue. Parents should listen carefully to children who say they can’t go to school because of “untestable things" such as stomachaches or headaches. While these complaints alone don't necessarily indicate school refusal, there may be deeper problems if combined with general complaints about school, talks of threats at school and so on.
There are different kinds of behavior in school refusal. Some children are influenced by their friends who skip school to hang out with their friends, showing a sense of rebellion(叛逆).
Some children cling to their mother's, screaming at the thought of having to enter the school bui1ding.
However, that doesn't mean that getting a child back into the c1assroom is impossible. According to Maryann Roth, a school psychologist and guidance counselor(顾问), parents should attempt to make the child get back to school, no matter how hard it is. Working closely with school officials and possibly a specialist to create a plan is a necessary step.
67. The underlined word 'vague' (Paragraph l) is closest in meaning to _______.
A. irregular B. unclear C. curious D. unusual
68. According to Paragraph2, the real reason of "School Refusal" may be that the children___________
A. are suffering from illness B. are afraid of endless tests
C. want to stay with their parents D. feel bored and unsafe at school
69. When facing "School Refusal" of their children, parents should _________.
A. take the problem serious1y if their daily life is disturbed
B. discuss the seriousness of the problem with their children
C. take their children to see the doctor immediately
D. keep their children away from their rebellious friends
70. The passage intends to ________.
A. explain that "School Refusal" is a symptom of an illness
B. explain the phenomenon of 'School Refusal" and how t treat it
C. remind parents to take good care of their children
D. explain that ‘Scholl Refusal’ is normal and not serious

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With smart phones taking the world by storm, a phone that can only send and receive voictcal1s and text messages may seem like a relic from a bygone age. Yet in East Africa, simple phones like these are changing the face of the economy, thanks to the mobile money services that are spreading across the region. Using the text--messaging function built into the GSM system(全球通) used by most cell phone networks, these services al1ow people without a bank account or credit card to use their/phone as an electronic wallet that can he used to store, send or receive cash.
It works like this: you pay cash to your loca1 agent who then tops up your mobile money account using a secure form of text messaging. That money can be transferred to another person by sending a message to their cell Phone account.
Fur some the system is a lifeline. ''If I didn’t have my mobile Phone, I would be very poor," says Neyasse Neemur, a mother of four chi1dren who lives in northern Kenya. .”Now I can sell fish.” Neemur took up fishing in Ju1y last year, but making money from it was a little tricky, especially as Turkana peop1e do not usually eat fish. A truck from Ethiopia to Tanzania passes through her vi1lage once a week, and she arranged to have the driver transport the fish several hundred ki1ometers south to market in   Kisumu, where relatives sell the fish.
"I get the money transfer immediately.” says Neemur . "Then I can pay for my children to go to school and for vegetables and beans," she adds, "so I don't need to eat fish."
According to the Central Bank of Kenya, payments worth around l billion Kenyan shillings($13 million) per day were transferred through Kenya’s mobile money systems in 2009, equaling the country’s credit card transactions(业务). The bank expects mobile money transfers to overtake credit cards in 2010.
63. In Paragraph l the author uses "simple phones" to _______________________.
A. make a comparison   B. introduce a topic   C. describe a scene   D. offer an argument.
64. What can we learn about the simple phones in East Africa?
A. They might help the local peop1e apply for a bank account.
B. They will replace the banks completely in the near future.
C. They Provide a safe means for the locals to do business.
D. They can do nothing except send and receive calls or messages.
65. The word “It” in the third paragraph refers to _____________________.
A. the GSM system                B. the mobile money service
C. the credit card service             D. the cell phone networks
66. The story of Neyasse Neemur suggests that ___________________.
A. the mobile money service plays a key role in the locals life
B. Neemur uses her mobile phone to contact her customers
C. her relative' tricks Turkana people to eat the fish they sell
D. the Bant of Kenya helps her improve her living condition

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Nickname: Hawaii’s Island Of Adventure
Size: 4,028 square miles
Popu1ation: l48, 67. The most heavily populated areas are Hilo on the east side and Kailua--Kona
on the west.
Temperature: Averages between 7l°F and 77°F year around. Beaches: 47
Golf Courses: 20
Highest Peak: Mauna Kea, l3, 796 feet.
Agriculture: The bulk of Hawaii's farming products are grown and processed on the Big Island,
including coffee, macadamia nuts and papaya.
Lodging: 9,655 rooms total; Night1y rates range from $35-$5,000.
Airports: Hi1o International Airport on the east side and Kona International Airport on the west side.
Renta1 Cars: A1l of the nationally known rental car companies have locations at Hilo International and Kona International Airports as well as many resorts. In addition, Hilo, Kong and the major resort areas are serviced by taxis.
Resources: Call (800) 648—2441 to order a video, poster, brochures and maps from the Big Island Visitors Bureau. See www.bigisland.org for updated information.
Shopping: The large shopping centers are in Hilo, Kona, Waimea and the Kohala Coast.
60. The passage is intended to be read by _______.
A. students B. businessmen C. tourists D. immigrants
6l.Which of the following is NOT mentioned as a traffic means to get around the Big Island?
A. By train. B. By air. C. By rental car. D. By taxi.
62. What can we infer from the passage?
A. You can see ww.bigisland.org for updated information.
B. You can call (800) 648—2441 to order some food.
C. You can find some courts to p1ay tennis on the island.
D. You may pay a high price for spending one night on the island.

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It was graduation day at the university where I work and a beautiful day quite unlike the first graduation I attended as a young professor. On that cold day years ago, as we watched the students walking into the hall, one of my colleagues turned to me and said, "Graduation will be one of the happiest and one of the saddest time of your life. "At my inquiry, he answered, "Because the students you have gotton to know have to leave."
As years went by, my previous confusion about my colleague's words no longer existed. When I came across naughty students, I had to rethink why I chose to be a teacher. It obviously isn’t money. Once a former computer science student of mine called me, asking me if I wanted to have a change .He was working at Nintendo Corporation. His salary was higher than my current one, though I have more education and have worked for over a decade, with my programming skills, he said he could get me hired. I thanked me, but declined his kind offer.
A few days before this current graduation, while working on final grades, I found a note a student had slipped in with her homework. She thanked me for being her teacher and said the things she had learned in my class — not about my math, but about life — would be things she would remember long after the math skills had faded away. As I finished reading, I remembered why I had become a teacher.
Now, on this sunny graduation day, as I again observed the sea of blue hats and gowns .I did so with renewed dedication and a deeper sense of sati faction – I wi11 always be grateful that I am teacher.
56. Hearing his colleague's description for the first time, how did the author feel?
A. He quite agreed with his colleague. B. He was very puzz1ed.
C. He thought it very funny. D. He was very sad.
57. The computer science student called up the author because he _______________________.
A. wanted to inform the author of his present job
B. wanted the author to share his joy and satisfaction
C. tried to persuade the author to work with him
D. thought the author wasn't fit to be a teacher
58. What does the underlined part in the last paragraph refer to?
A. University colleagues. B. Life memories.
C. Decorations in the hall. D. Graduates' cIothes59. The author wrote the passage to _______.
A. express his devotion to being a teacher
B. compare two different graduation ceremonies
C. talk about the meaning of graduation
D. give advice on how to be a good teacher

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Until the 1980s, the American homeless population was made up of mainly older males. Today, homelessness strikes much younger part of society. In fact, a 25-city survey by the U. S. Conference of Mayors in 1987 found that families with children make up the fastest growing part of the homeless population. Many homeless children gather in inner cities; this transient(变化无常的) and frequently frightened student population creates additional problems, both legal and educational, for already overburdened urban school administrators and teachers.
　　Estimates of the number of homeless Americans range from 350,000 to three million. Likewise, estimates of the number of homeless school children vary radically. A U.S. Department of Education report, based on state estimates, states that there are 220,000 homeless school-age children, about a third of whom do not attend school on a regular basis, But the National Coalition for the Homeless estimates that there are at least two times as many homeless children, and that less than half of them attend school regularly.
One part of the homeless population that is particularly difficult to count consists of the “throwaway” youths who have been cast of their homes. The Elementary School
Center in New York City estimates that there are 1.5 million of them, many of whom are not counted as children because they do not stay in family shelters and tend to live by themselves on the streets.
　　Federal law, the Stewart B. McKinney Homeless Assistance Act of 1987, includes a section that addresses the educational needs of homeless children. The educational provisions(规定) of the McKinney Act are based on the belief that all homeless children have the right to a free, appropriate education.
64. What can be implied from the first paragraph?
　 A. Before the 1980s, the homeless population mainly consists of children.
　 B. Urban schools are seriously short of academic facilities.
　 C. Many homeless children gather in inner cities.
　 D. Homeless children are deprived of the opportunity to receive free education
65. The National Coalition for the Homeless believes that the number of homeless children is ___
　 A. 350,000 B. 440,000 　C. 3,000,000 　　D. 220,000
66. The reason why one part of the homeless population is difficult to estimate might be that ___
　　A. the homeless children are usually making a living by themselves
　　B. the homeless population is growing very fast.
　　C. some homeless children are abandoned by their families
　　D. the homeless children usually don’t attend school regularly
67. The McKinney Act is mentioned in this passage in order to show that ____________.
　　A. all homeless people are allowed to receive a good education
　　B. there is an increasing number of homeless children in America
　　C. it is necessary for homeless children to be counted as children
D. the educational problems of homeless children are being recognized

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