CORVALIJS. Ore.-- Engineers at Oregon Suite University have made a breakthrough in the performance of microbial (微生物的)fuel cells that can produce electricity directly from wastewater，opening the door to a future in which waste treatment plants not only will power themselves, but will sell extra electricity.
The new technology ,developed at OSU, can now produce 10 to 50 more times the electricity, per volume, than most oilier approaches using microbial fuel cells,and 100 times more electricity than some.
Researchers say this could eventually change the way that wastewater is treated all over the world, replacing the widely used “activated sludge (泥浆) ” process that has been in use for almost a century. The new approach would produce significant amounts of electricity while effectively cleaning the wastewater,
“If this technology works on a commercial scale the way we believe it will ,the treatment of wastewater could be a huge energy producer, not a huge energy cost.” said Hong Liu ，an associate professor in the OSU Department of Biological and Ecological Engineering. “This could have an impact around the world, save a great deal of money, provide better water treatment and promote energy sustainability.”
The biodegradable (能降解的）characteristics of wastewater, if developed to their full potential, could theoretically provide many times the energy that is now being used to process them, with no additional greenhouse emissions.
OSU researchers reported several years ago on the promise of this technology, but at that time the systems in use produced far less electrical power. With new concepts, the technology can now produce more than two kilowatts per cubic meter of liquid reactor volume.
The new system also works better than an alternative approach to creating electricity from wastewater, based on anacrobic (臭氧的）digestion that produces methane (甲烷）.It treats the wastewater more effectively, and doesn’t have any of the environmental drawbacks of that technology, such as production of possible release of methane, a significant greenhouse gas.Which of the following best expresses the main idea of the passage?
| A．The treatment of wastewater is a huge energy cost. |
| B．Wastewater is being treated differently over the world. |
| C．Waste treatment plants have found a new way to power themselves. |
| D．Microbial fuel cells will produce more electricity from wastewater. |
What can we learn about the new technology from the passage?
| A．It can produce 100 times more electricity than any approach used today. |
| B．Through it more electricity can be created and water can be cleaned better. |
| C．It has already changed the way that wastewater is treated all over the world |
| D．It has opened the door to put microbial fuel cells to productive use. |
What attitude does Professor Liu hold towards the new technology?
A. Supportive. B. Critical. C Unconcerned. D. Curious.According to the last paragraph, why does the new system work better than the alternative approach?
| A．Because it is co-friendly and treats wastewater more effectively. |
| B．Because it can make full use of anaerobic digestion producing methane. |
| C．Because it may produce less methane than the alternative approach. |
| D．Because it can produce 10 times the energy than the alternative approach. |
Of all the things our wisdom tells us will make life entirely happy, the greatest is the possession of friendship. One loyal friend is worth ten thousand relatives. Friends are very rare jewels, indeed. They make you smile and encourage you to succeed.
On the first Sunday in August, it’s time to recognize your friends and their contribution to your life. The first Sunday in August was fixed as National Friendship Day by the U.S. Congress in 1935, and remains a tradition observed in many countries and cultures. In 1997, the United Nations named Winnie the Pooh as the world’s Ambassador of Friendship.
Apparently, there are several friendship holidays, all of which fall on fixed dates.
National Friendship Day is on the first Sunday in August
Women’s Friendship Day is on the third Sunday in September
International Friendship Month is February
Old Friends, New Friends Week is the third week of May
People show their appreciation for friendship in various ways. Some expressions may be practical ones, such as flowers, particularly the pink friendship roses, cookies, chocolates, souvenirs from their vacations, a tape of favorite songs, farewell dinners, and welcome balloons.
Recipe for Friendship 2 cups of patience, 1 heart full of love, 2 handfuls of generosity, 2 cups of loyalty, 1 cup of understanding, A dash of laughter. Mix them all well. Spray generously over a lifetime and serve everyone you meet.
Friendship helps to bring peace and positivity to the globe, another great reason to celebrate! Although our friends certainly deserve thanks on more than just one day of the year, what better day to honor them than Friendship Day!!Which of the following proverbs supports the main idea of the first paragraph?
| A．Friendship cannot stand always on one side. |
| B．A friend in need is a friend indeed. |
| C．A friend without faults will never be found. |
| D．A life without a friend is a life without a sun. |
Which of the holidays happens first in a year?
| A．National Friendship Day. | B．Women’s Friendship Day. |
| C．International Friendship Month. | D．Old Friends, New Friends Week. |
What is most needed to make friendship grow, develop and last?
| A．Inviting your friends over for a party. |
| B．Looking on your friends as relatives. |
| C．Honoring your friends on Friendship Day. |
| D．Being loyal and generous to your friends. |
“Recipe for Friendship” here actually means .
| A．a prescription for curing friends | B．a method of keeping a friendship |
| C．the pleasure of having friends | D．the importance of friendship |
How to protect children Web fans from unsuitable material on-line while encouraging them to use the Internet has long been discussed in the US.
For some parents, the Internet can seem like a jungle, filled with danger for their children. But jungles contain wonders as well as danger. With good guides, some education, and a few precautions(预防 ), the wilds of the Internet can be safely navigated. “Kids have to be on-line. If we tell our kids they can’t be allowed to surf the Internet, we’re cutting them off from their future,” said an expert.
Most kids have started to use search engines. Many of them are great for finding tons of interesting Internet sites, and they can also locate places where you might not want your kids to go. There are search engines designed just for kids. A certain software contains only sites that have been selected as safe. The most popular way would be to use what is known as a “content screener”. But this can’t be wholly reliable(可靠 ), and the best thing parents can do is to talk to their kids and let them know what is OK or not OK to see or do on the Internet. Another way is that mum or dad is nearby when the child is surfing the Internet.
A few other tips:
—Do not put the PC in a child’s room but keep it in an area where mum or dad can keep an eye on things. That also makes the Internet more of a family activity.
—Ask your child what he or she has been doing and about any friends they make on-line.
―Tell your child not to give on-line strangers personal information, especially like address and phone number.
And tell your children never to talk to anyone they meet on-line over the phone, send them anything, accept anything from them or agree to meet with them unless you go along.What is the best way to protect children from improper material?
| A．To talk to the children and persuade them to tell right from wrong. |
| B．To be nearby when the children are surfing the Internet. |
| C．To fix a content screener on the computer. |
| D．To buy some search engines for children. |
Which of the following statements is true according to the passage?
| A．Surfing the Internet is the best way of educating children. |
| B．Using a content screener is most reliable for keeping children from having ways to the Internet. |
| C．Searching engines can help children to select materials fit for them. |
| D．Children’s not having chances to go to the Internet may have effect on their progress. |
According to the passage, we can infer that ____.
| A．softwares that are fit for children who want programming |
| B．the Internet contains a lot of harmful sites |
| C．the Internet will be protected by law |
| D．a child who is on-line is in danger |
What does the passage tell us most?
| A．Education | B．Good guides | C．Precautions | D．Software |
A lawyer and a young lady were sitting next to each other on a long flight. The lawyer asked if she would like to play a fun game. The lady just wanted to take a nap, so she politely refused.
The lawyer explained that the game was actually very easy. He explained “I ask you a question, and if you don’t know the answer, you pay me, and vice versa（反之亦然）.” Again, the lady politely refused and tried to get some sleep.
The lawyer added eagerly, “Okay, if you don’t know the answer, you pay me $5, and if I don’t know the answer, I will pay you $50!” Considering that there would be no end to this suffering unless she played, the lady agreed.
The lawyer asked the first question, “What is the distance from the earth to the moon?” The young lady didn't say a word, pulled out five dollars from her purse and handed it to the lawyer.
Now, it was the lady’s turn. She asked the lawyer, “What goes up a hill with three legs, and comes down with four?” The lawyer was greatly puzzled. He took out his computer and searched all of his references. He searched the Net and sent e-mails to all of his friends, but it was all to no avail. After over an hour, he woke up the lady and handed her $50. The lady politely took the money and turned away to get back to sleep.
The lawyer, very puzzled now, woke the lady up again and asked, “Well, what on earth is the answer?” Without a word, the lady reached into her purse, handed the lawyer another $5 and went back to sleep.The lawyer tried to persuade the lady to play the game because he .
| A．knew he could win |
| B．wanted to have fun with the lady |
| C．wanted to lose money to her |
| D．liked to chat with young ladies |
Which of the following best describes the meaning of the underlined words?
| A．No messages arrived | B．No one could help him |
| C．The Net failed to work | D．Nobody answered his e-mails |
We may infer from the story that .
| A．the lawyer and the lady used to be lovers. |
| B．there was no answer to the lady’s question. |
| C．the lady didn't like playing games with strangers. |
| D．the lawyer was too stupid to answer the question. |
The author’s purpose for writing the story is to .
| A．tell us how clever the lady is |
| B．describe the rules of playing games |
| C．show that it is interesting to play games |
| D．make fun of the lawyer |
Dear editor,
I am writing to ask what has happened to our young people.They are not as polite or hard-working as my generation（一代人I will give you two examples.
Last Friday, I got on the underground at 9:15 a.m. It was very crowded so there was no free seat.There were some boys sitting on the seats near me.I didn't know why they were not at school.They were talking and laughing loudly. It was difficult for me to read my newspaper with all the noise.At the next stop, a pregnant（怀孕的）woman and her daughter got on with lots of shopping bags.I expected the boys to let them sit down.They saw the woman but they did nothing.I had to ask them to give the woman and her daughter seats. They did so but gave me a rude look.
Last Saturday, I had dinner with my friend’s family.I was glad to see his children, who I hadn't seen for ten years.During the dinner, I started talking about world politics with the children.It soon became clear that they didn't know much about it.They couldn't tell me the name of the King of Spain or President of Italy.All they knew about was the Internet or which singers were the most beautiful.In my days, students knew the kings, the queens and the presidents of every country in Europe.
I worry about the future of Germany.How could these young people become good workers and parents? They sit around McDonald's after school instead of going to the library like I did at their age.Maybe they have too much money.Perhaps some readers can give us some ideas about what to do with this “lost generation”.
Yours sincerely,
Frantz Vogts.Mr. Vogts writes this letter to the editor to _______.
| A．show how rude the boys were |
| B．express his worry about his friend’s children’s future |
| C．show how lazy young people nowadays are |
| D．complain the way some young people acted |
When Mr Vogts met the boys on the underground , he_______.
| A．knew there was no hope for him to get a seat |
| B．felt he would be in trouble |
| C．thought they should have been studying instead of staying there |
| D．expected that they would get off at the next stop |
Mr Vogts was disappointed at the dinner because _______.
| A．he was not politely treated |
| B．he had different opinions on the world politics from his friend |
| C．the children cared more about the Internet than he |
| D．the children did not know much about world politics |
By saying “lost generation”, Mr Vogts refers to ________.
| A．the fact that he is angry with young people today |
| B．the people at his age |
| C．his worry about these young people |
| D．today’s young people |
White was the owner of a private school in a town. Last year, he married one of his classmates.The beautiful woman spent much time in learning nothing during middle school. But she wasn't worried about anything in the future, because her parents were very rich and could provide her with everything.So he could make poor Mr White listen to her. Mr White was busy in dealing with school affairs and his wife had to stay at home alone.But she hated the lonely and boring life.Her father introduced her to some businessmen who wanted to employ her .But she wanted to stay with children.So her husband was asked to allow her to work in his school.At first her husband didn't agree with her. She didn't supply money to him any more, so the poor man had to give in.Otherwise , his school would shut down for lack of her money. The woman could not teach students, because she knew neither maths nor physics.She thought she often played in the zoo,so she decided to teach biology.But she didn't know how to teach the subject at all.She thought hard, and finally she decided to bring the students to the zoo.
Pointing to a crocodile, she shouted ,”Look at it carefully! It’s a whale!”
“Excuse me ,madam,” said a student. “It’s a crocodile!”
“Shut up!” Mr White said angrily. “It’s a whale!”Why did Mr White have to employ Mrs White as a teacher ?
| A．Because his school would shut down without her money. |
| B．Because Mrs White learned many things during school time. |
| C．Because no businessman wanted to employ Mrs White. |
| D．Because Mrs White knew something about biology. |
Which of the following is not true about Mrs White?
| A．She was the daughter of a rich man. |
| B．She often went to the zoo to study animals. |
| C．She knew nothing about the subject of biology. |
| D．She was one of Mrs White’s classmates. |
What happened when Mrs White brought her students to the zoo?
| A．The students didn't know whales and crocodiles. |
| B．Mrs White taught the right animals to her students. |
| C．A whale came up to the bank to have a breath. |
| D．Mrs White mistook a crocodile for a whale. |
Why didn't Mr White agree to accept his wife as a teacher?
| A．Because he wanted to change his fate of listening to his wife. |
| B．Because he knew his wife could not be a good teacher. |
| C．Because his wife liked being at home. |
| D．Because his wife only knew something about maths and physics. |
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