If you’re like most students, you may find it challenging to learn a foreign language. However, there are a few tips you can use in order to earn a top grade —— as well as actually use the skills you’ve learned.
One of the most important and basic lessons in dealing with a foreign language is to learn and understand each concept and lesson before moving on to the next one. If you don’t understand one concept but move on to the next chapter anyway, you’re less likely to understand the new material.
Learning a new language is not only an academic tool, but can help you in your everyday life as well. Being good at another language can help you communicate with other people, and help you when traveling to foreign countries, and even make your resume look better.
And it is important to learn correct pronunciation as soon as possible for poor pronunciation can be hard to break. Native speakers of the language as well as others fluent in the language you are learning will appreciate your efforts to learn correct pronunciation.
Gather outside materials such as books, study guides, books on tape, and travel books to aid you in learning the language. Your textbooks can’t possibly teach you everything you need to know, so seeking outside sources is generally a good rule of thumb to keep in mind.
A significant motivator in learning a foreign language is traveling to the country where the language is spoken. That way, you can see firsthand how the language is used, learn the culture, and meet native speakers of the language. Native speakers appreciate sincere attempts of others who take the time to learn their language.
Seek out native speakers of your new language in your school or neighborhood. They can help you with many skills, including pronunciation, and they can provide immediate feedback on your progress.This passage is written to .
| A．explain why learning a foreign language is challenging |
| B．tell us the importance of learning foreign languages |
| C．tell us some ways of earning a top grade |
| D．give us some tips on learning foreign languages |
Which of the following can best summarize the main idea of Paragraph 3?
| A．Think beyond academics. |
| B．Learn each concept. |
| C．Plan a trip to use your skills. |
| D．Consider a language as a tool. |
We can learn from the passage that .
| A．textbooks are not good for us when learning a foreign language |
| B．learning pronunciation well from the very beginning is very important |
| C．poor pronunciation can be easy to break with the help of native speakers |
| D．seeking too many outside sources will be more harmful than beneficial |
What is suggested doing in the last paragraph?
| A．Going on a trip abroad. |
| B．Practicing with native speakers. |
| C．Asking for feedback from our teachers. |
| D．Finding a motivator in learning language. |
In which part of a website would this text probably appear?
| A．Entertainment. | B．History. | C．Education. | D．Nature. |
Could a grizzly bear move to your neighborhood? If you live in the U.S. West, the answer may be yes. People and grizzly bears are living closer together now.
The grizzly bear is one of the largest meat-eating land animals in North America. In the early 1800s, about 50,000 grizzly bears lived there. Today there’re far fewer bears. Settlers built cities and roads where bears lived. Many bears were hunted and killed. Now only 1,200 to 1,400 grizzly bears have remained.
In and around Yellowstone National Park, grizzly bears have been making a comeback because of people’s efforts to protect them. Some bears are moving to areas where people live. People are also moving into grizzly countries.
People there have to learn how to live with their new, furry (毛皮的) neighbors peacefully. If someone leaves their barbecue grill（烤肉架）out overnight, or leaves their pet food or rubbish where a bear can get it, the bear will learn to come to their house for food. Grizzly bears that learn to eat people’s food can become dangerous, and they often have to be killed or moved. Also, it’s important not to surprise a grizzly. Besides, if you are hiking in a grizzly country, you should go with others and make a noise to make bears hear your coming and get out of the way. You may not want to invite grizzly bears to your next neighborhood party, but with a little effort, grizzly bears and people can live together peacefully. Why does the number of grizzly bears get smaller, according to the text?
| A．Settlers’ buildings break the balance of their living environment. |
| B．Land for them to live on is limited and they are hunted in large numbers. |
| C．Yellowstone National Park wants to control the number of them. |
| D．Living closer to humans makes them die from serious diseases. |
How many suggestions are made for people to live with bears peacefully？
| A．One. | B．Two. | C．Three. | D．Four. |
Compared with the early 1800s, the number of grizzly bears has got smaller by ______.
| A．exactly 26﹪ | B．over 36﹪ | C．nearly 64﹪ | D．about 96﹪ |
Which of the following statements is TRUE according to the passage?
| A．Grizzly bears are always friendly to the people living in grizzly countries. |
| B．It is certain that grizzly bears and people can live together peacefully. |
| C．Grizzly bears are protected only in and around Yellowstone National Park. |
| D．The grizzly bear is one of the largest meat-eating animals in North America. |
What does the last paragraph mainly tell us?
| A．How to protect yourself from grizzly bears. |
| B．How to get grizzly bears out of your way. |
| C．How to invite grizzly bears to your party. |
D．How to live with gr izzly bears peacefully. |
Schedules (timetables), as the 21st century people know, simply did not exist in the 17th and 18th c
enturies. We are upset if a plane arrives an hour late. Our ancestors weren’t upset if an April ship didn’t show up until June. They began to worry in July and were often happy when it showed up in August. When a long-distance ship finally did get to the port, the whole city became busy and excited. Businessmen hurried down to check the goods they had ordered. The ship would probably stay in port for at least three days, often a week, to take on businessmen, give the sailors a rest, find out about the latest news, weather conditions, and so on.
Travel time could only be approximate (近似的). One never knew when the winds would be good. So even though “average(平均的) sailing time” was given, time could change considerably, shortening the voyage (travel by sea) by up to 25% or putting it off by up to 500% or more! The average run from England to Boston was about a month and a half, but there were also voyages of three months. One voyage in 1640 lasted six months!
Travel time is not the same in both directions, due to the winds and currents. This is especially true in the Caribbean, where winds are from the southeast the entire
year. Ships sailing west across the Atlantic spend longer than ships sailing east, and the contrary (opposite) winds can prevent a ship from actually making it to the harbor even if it gets close. One ship was held off the North Carolina coast for 17 days before being able to land! What can we learn from the first paragraph?
| A．No sailor was allowed to have fun when the ship reached land. |
| B．People in ancient times didn’t care about other people’s safety. |
| C．The ship would leave for a voyage when all of the preparations were made. |
| D．A long-distance ship would create a lot of excitement in the place where it landed. |
According to the passage, travel time can’t be fixed due to _____.
| A．the people at the port | B．average sailing time |
| C．the changeable climate | D．the businessmen and the sailors |
The underlined word “currents” in the third paragraph means ______.
| A．the movement of water | B．the movement of winds |
| C．direction of the traveling ship | D．travel time of ships |
What is the difference between a modern voyage timetable and the one from the 17th or 18th century?
| A．There were no exact timetables for traveling both in ancient and modern times. |
| B．Travel time was the same in both directions in ancient times while the modern one was not. |
| C．The modern voyage timetable is more exact than the ancient one. |
| D．The modern voyage timetable is only approximate while the ancient one was not. |
Why did the ships sailing west spend longer than ships sailing east in Caribbean?
| A．Because of the southeast winds the entire year. |
| B．Because sailors didn’t know when the winds blew. |
| C．Because travel time was not affected by wind. |
| D．Because sometimes the ship was held off by the wind. |
Robert Altman’s films were different from the usual methods of Hollywood movie storytelling. In the 1940s, he started his film career directing industrial movies in his hometown of Kansas City, Missouri. Later, he moved to Hollywood, California, to make television shows.
His first major film, MASH, was released in 1970. It tells about a group of American medical workers in an army hospital in Korea during the Korean War in the 1950s. The movie was a great success. It questioned the rules of the military in a way that was sharply funny and clever.
Robert Altman continued to make movies with strong political and social points. His next major movie, Nashville, came out in 1975. This movie provides a complex (not simple) look at changes in the country music industry.
Robert Altman’s movies have a very special style. Often, his actors speak so naturally that it is hard to believe they are performing. Altman liked his actors to be free to make up their own lines. Altman wanted to copy the way people talked and acted in real life. And he was willing to fight with movie studio businessmen to make sure that he had total creative (有创造力的) control over his work.
Even as an old man, Robert Altman continued to make movies. Many of his 33 films were nominated (提名) for Academy Awards, including The Player and Gosford Park. Robert Altman died in November in Los Angeles, California. He was 81 years old. According to the passage, Altman was ______.
| A．a writer | B．an actor | C．a director | D．a soldier |
Robert Altman began to make films ______.
| A．in the 1940s | B．in the 1950s | C．in 1970 | D．in 1975 |
What is special about Altman’s films is that ______.
A. they were all industrial films
B
. they were true to life
C. they were films with strong political points
D. many of them were nominated for Academy AwardsThe passage mainly tells us that ______.
| A．the Korean War took place in the 1950s |
| B．Robert Altman made his first major film in 1970 |
| C．Robert Altman’s films have a different style |
| D．Robert Altman received many Academy Awards |
The best title for this passage should be ______.
| A．Robert Altman - Director of Special Style Movie |
| B．Some Famous Films from Hollywood |
| C．How Robert Altman Directed His Films |
| D．Actors in the Films of Robert Altman |
Why do men die earlier than women? The latest research makes it known that the reason could be that men's hearts go into rapid decline when they reach middle age.
The largest study of the effects of ageing on the heart has found that women's longevity may be linked to the fact that their hearts do not lose their pumping power with age.
"We have found that the power of the male heart falls by 20--25 percent between 18 and 70 years of age,”said the head of the study, David Goldspink of Liverpool John Moores University in the UK.
"Within the heart there are millions of cells that enable it to beat. Between the age of 20 and 70，one-third of those cells die and are not replaced in men,”said Goldspink. "This is part of the ageing process."
What surprises scientists is that the female heart sees very little loss of these cells. A
healthy 70-year-old woman's heart could perform almost as well as a 20-year-old one's.
"This gender difference might just explain why women live longer than men,”said Goldspink.
They studied more than 250 healthy men and women between the ages of 18 and 80，focusing on healthy persons to remove the confusing influence of disease.
The team has yet to find why ageing takes a greater loss on the male heart, said Goldspink.
The good news is that men can improve the 
health of their heart with regular exercise. Goldspink stressed that women also need regular exercise to prevent their leg muscles becoming smaller and weaker as they age. The underlined word“longevity" in the second paragraph probably refers to ______.
| A．health | B．long life | C．ageing | D．effect |
The text mainly talks about ______.
| A．men's heart cells | B．women's ageing process、 |
| C．the gender difference | D．hearts and long life |
According to the text, the UK scientists have known that
| A．women have more cells than men when they are born |
| B．women can replace the cells that enable the heart to beat |
| C．the female heart loses few of the cells with age |
| D．women never lose their pumping power with age |
If you want to live longer, you should
| A．enable your heart to beat much faster |
| B．find out the reason for ageing |
| C．exercise regularly to keep your heart healthy |
| D．prevent your cells from being lost |
We can know from the passage that
| A．the reason why ageing takes a greater loss on the male heart has been found out |
| B．scientists are on the way to finding out why the male heart loses more of the cells |
| C．the team has done something to prevent the male from suffering the greater loss |
| D．women over 70 could lose more heart cells than those at the age of 20 |
I've been writing for most of my life. The book Writing Without Teachers introduced me to one difference and one practice that have greatly helped my writing processes. The difference is between the creative mind and the critical mind. While you need 
to use both of the creative mind and the critical (批判) mind to reach a finished result，they cannot work in parallel (平行，并行) no matter how much we might like to think so.
Trying to criticize writing on the fly is possibly the single greatest trouble with writing that most of us meet. If you are listening to a 5th grade English teacher correcting your grammar while you are trying to capture a fleeting（稍纵即逝的）thought, the thought will die. If you catch the fleeting thought and simply share it with the world in raw form, no one is likely to understand. You must learn to create first and then criticize if you want to make writing the tool for thinking as it is.
The practice that can help you overcome your learned bad habits of trying to edit as you write is what Elbow calls"free writing". In free writing, the goal is to get words down on paper non-stop，usually for 15-20 minutes. No stopping, no going back, no criticizing. The aim is to get the words flowing. As the words begin to flow，the ideas will come from the shadows and let themselves be captured on your notepad or your screen.
Now you have raw materials that you can begin to work with using the critical mind that you've persuaded to sit on the side and watch quietly. Most likely，you will believe that this will take more time than you actually have and you will end up staring blankly at the pages as the deadline draws near.
Instead of s 
taring at a blank start and filling it with words no matter how bad they could be，stop halfway through your available time and rework your raw writing into something closer to the finished product. Move back and forth until you run out of time and the final result will most likely be far better than your current practices.
| 1． |
When the author says the creative mind and the critical mind"cannot work in parallel"in the writing process，he means _______.
|
important
| 2． |
What usually prevents people from
|
| 3． |
What is the chief purpose of the first stage of writing？
|
| 4． |
In what way does the critical mind help the writer in the writing process？
|
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