AnnWhimey,asophomore(大学二年级学生)a

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更新 2022-09-03
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题型阅读理解
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Ann Whimey, a sophomore(大学二年级学生) at Colorado State University, first had a problem taking tests when she began college. "I was always well prepared for my tests. Sometimes I studied for weeks before a test. Yet I would go to take the test, only to find I could not answer the questions correctly. I would blank out because of nervousness and fear. I couldn't think of the answer."
The young student was experiencing something called test anxiety. Because a student worries and is uneasy about a test, his or her mind does not work as well as it usually does. The student cannot write or think clearly because of the great nervousness. though poor scores are often a result of poor study habits, sometimes test anxiety causes low scores. Recently, test anxiety has been recognized as a real problem, not just an excuse or a false explanation of lazy students.
Special university counseling(咨询) courses try to help students. In these courses, counselors try to help students by teaching them how to manage test anxiety. At some universities, students take tests to measure their anxiety. If the test shows their anxiety is high, the students can take courses to help them deal with their nervousness. These courses teach students how to relax their bodies. By controlling their nervousness, they can let their minds work at ease, learn information, then come out without difficulty in a test.
An expert at the University of California explains, "With almost all students, relaxation is felt after taking our program. Most of them have better control during their test. Almost all have some improvements. For some, the improvement is very great.
The title of the passage should be

A．Tests at college

B．Anxiety and Tests

C．How to Get Rid of Anxiety

D．Counseling Courses Help Students

According to this passage, we mainly find poor scores may result from

A．laziness	B．sleeplessness
C．nervousness	D．poor study habits

In order to get rid of test anxiety, students should

A．take tests to measure their anxiety

B．take counseling courses to help themselves

C．let their minds work at ease

D．learn to control their nervousness

According to the counselor at the University of California, the program is

A．successful

B．ineffective

C．of great help to all

D．worth showing off

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Beverley had been feeling dull, bored and a bit out of it. He mentioned his mood (state of mind) when going to Andrew for a sports massage. He wondered whether he should take up Tai Chi. But Andrew didn’t think so.
“Tai Chi is great for people who want to feel grounded, but that isn’t your problem,” he said. “What you need is something more exciting, like dancing.”
In future, therapists (理疗专家) may well suggest that you fight your sadness with a course in kickboxing, and family doctors might suggest that you take a rest in the mountains instead.
We’ve long been aware that exercise has benefits beyond the physical ones; that activity can relax you, and help psychological well-being by reducing stress, anxiety and sadness.
Now some trainers and sports psychologists are going further and examining how to identify the correct exercise for a client’s (当事人) specific state of mind and personality.
Professor Stuart Biddle, an exercise and sports psychologist based at Loughborough University, England, has researched the effects of exercise on moods.
One of his findings was that, if your problem is low self-esteem, weight training should be your bag. “Working with weights builds strength,” he says, “and creates a stronger body image.”
Anger management, meanwhile, demands bursts of explosive (爆发性的) activity, from sports such as boxing or tennis.
This is because anger makes the body release（释放）adrenaline (肾上腺素), which causes heart rate and blood pressure to rise and muscles to become tighter —— the physiological changes required if you are to defend yourself.
Research shows that the “punch-bag (用拳头击打沙袋)” method of releasing disappointment and anger through hitting a boxing opponent (对手) or tennis ball, can help with fighting issues.
They have also found that teamwork is good for self-esteem and that those who are brought together to work in a social setting become more lively.
Which type of exercise will best help is, of course, down to the individual. Clearly, before you can find the best physical activity for yourself, you have to know your needs.
Ask yourself a few questions such as: What do I need in my life? Which issues are difficult for me? Am I sad or troubled? Only then can you decide whether you need taking up, or taking down.
1. Why did Andrew think Beverley shouldn’t take up Tai Chi?
A. Because Beverley was too weak.            B. Because Beverley was too foolish.
C. Because Beverley’s mind was out of control.   D. Because Beverley lacked activity.
2. Which of the following is true according to the passage?
A. Psychologists haven’t realized the relationship between exercise and health.
B. People have already realized the relationship between exercise and spirits.
C. Boxing and tennis are the best ways to increase one’s self-esteem.
D. Trainers and psychologists don’t agree with each other on exercise.
3. Professor Stuart Biddle thinks that ____ .
A. anger should be examined by doctors        B. anger should be taken away by medicine
C. anger should be given off by activities       D. anger should be held back by oneself
4 The main idea of this passage may be ____ .
A. sports build up your body                 B. sports are helpful to your mind
C. heart trouble is due to anger               D. anxiety and sadness are harmful to you

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Have you ever wondered why birds sing? Maybe you thought that they were just happy. After all, you probably sing or whistle when you are happy.
Some scientists believe that birds do sing some of the time just because they are happy. However they sing most of the time for a very different reason. Their singing is actually a warning to other birds to stay out of their territory.
Do you know what a ‘territory’ is? A territory is an area that an animal, usually the male, claims as its own. Only he and his family are welcome there. No other families of the same species are welcome. Your yard and house are your territory where only your family and friends are welcome. If a stranger should enter your territory and threaten you, you might shout. Probably this would be enough to frighten him away.
If so, you have actually scared the stranger away without having to fight him. A bird does the same thing. But he expects an outsider almost any time, especially at nesting（筑巢）season. So he is screaming all the time, whether he can see an outsider or not. This screaming is what we call a bird’s song, and it is usually enough to keep an outsider away.
Birds sing loudest in the spring when they are trying to attract a mate and warn others not to enter the territory of theirs.
You can see that birds have a language all their own. Most of it has to do with attracting mates and setting up territories.
1. Some scientists believe that most of the time bird’s singing is actually________.
A. an expression of happiness              B. a way of warning
C. an expression of anger                    D. a way of greeting
2. What is a bird’s ‘territory’?
A. A place where families of other species are not accepted.
B. A place where a bird may shout at the top of its voice.
C. An area for which birds fight against each other.
D. An area which a bird considers to be its own.
3. Why do birds keep on singing at nesting season?
A. Because they want to invite more friends.
B. Because their singing helps frighten outsiders away.
C. Because they want to find outsiders around.
D. Because their singing helps get rid of their fears.
4. How does the writer explain bird’s singing?
A. By comparing birds with human beings.         B. By reporting experiment results.
C. By describing birds’ daily life.                       D. By telling a bird’s story.

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Think about it
Escaping a fire is a serious matter. Knowing what to do before a fire breaks out can save a life. For example, people should know the safety measures to take before opening a hall door during a fire. Also, make sure everyone knows how to unlock doors that may be in the escape path. At times, a key is needed to unlock a door from the inside. So, keep the key in the lock. Or, you can put the key on a key ring and put it where it can be found easily.
If you live in a flat, know the ways you can use to get out. Show everyone in the family these paths. Remind everyone of the importance of using stairways or fire escapes, not lifts.
From most homes and lower floors of a block of flats, escape through windows is possible. Learn the best way of leaving by a window with the least chance of serious injury.
In a home fire, windows are often the only means of escape. The second floor window sill is usually not more than 13 feet from the ground. An average person, hanging by the finger tips, will have a drop of about six feet to the ground. Of course, it is safer to jump a short way than to stay in a burning building. Roll away from the building when you land.
Windows are also useful when you’re waiting for help. Often you’ll be able to stay in the room for several minutes if you keep the door closed and the window open. Keep your head low in the window to be sure you get fresh air rather than smoke that may have leaked into the room.
On a second or third floor, the best windows for escape are those which open onto a roof. From the roof, a person can either drop to the ground or await rescue. Dropping onto sidewalk or pavement might end in injury. Bushes, soft earth, and grass can help to break a fall. A rope ladder should be considered when the drop is too great.
In a town where the fire department acts quickly, it may be best to wait for rescue. Close the doors and wait by an open window for help. Shout for help. Be sure to close the door before opening a window. Otherwise, smoke and fire may be drawn into the room.
1. We can learn from the passage that windows are __________.
A. easily broken        B. easy to catch fire   C. good escape paths      D. useful to put out a fire
2. If you happen to be in a room during a fire, it’s a good idea to ________.
A. open a window     B. use the lifts       C. stand quite still      D. put out the fire
3. We can learn from the article that in a home fire______.
A. people should close the window and open the door
B. soft earth can reduce the chance of being injured
C. it’s always safer to jump out than to stay
D. rope ladders should not be used
4. What is the main idea of this article?
A. We can turn to the firemen during a fire.
B. We should keep in mind the escape paths.
C. People should know what to do before a fire breaks out.
D. People should find help as soon as possible during a fire.

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III. 阅读理解
阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后从文后所给各题的四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
When you turn on the radio, you hear an advertisement. When you watch television, you hear and see an advertisement. If you turn the pages of a newspaper or magazine, again you find a advertisement. If you walk down the street, you see one advertisement board after another. All day, every day, people who want to sell something compete to catch your attention. As a result, advertisements are almost everywhere.
In the West, advertisements are the fuel that makes mass media（媒体）work. Many TV stations, newspapers, magazines, radio stations are privately（私人）owned. The government does not give them money. So where does the money come from? From advertisements. Without advertisements, there would not be these private businesses.
Have you ever asked yourself what advertising is? Through the years, people have given different answers to the question. For some time it was felt that advertising was a means of “keeping your name before the public.” And some people thought that advertising was “truth well told.” Now more and more people tend to define（定义） it in this way: Advertising is the paid, nonpersonal, and usually persuasive presentation of goods, services and ideas by identified sponsors through various media.
First, advertising is usually paid for. Various sponsors（赞助商） pay for the ads we see, read, and hear over the various media. Second, advertising is nonpersonal. It is not face-to-face communication. Although you may feel that a message in a certain advertisement is aimed directly at you, in reality, it is directed at large groups of people. Third, advertising is usually persuasive. Directly or indirectly it urges people to do something. All advertisements try to convince（说服） people that the product, idea, or service advertised can benefit them. Fourth, the sponsor of the advertisement must be identified. From the advertisement, we can see if the sponsor is a corporation, or a committee, or an individual. Fifth, advertising reaches us through traditional and non-traditional mass media. Included in the traditional media are newspapers, magazines, radio, television, and films. Non-traditional media include the mail, matchbox covers, and billboards.
1. The existence of the privately owned mass media depends financially on the support of ____ .
A. the government   B. their owners’ families    C. advertisements    D. the audience
2. The passage seems to say that different definitions of advertising are given due to __ ____.
A. the change of time             B. the subject of the advertisements
C. people’s age difference         D. people’s different perspectives (角度)
3. According to the passage, who are most probably paying for the advertisements? __ ____.
A. Corporations.    B. Committees.    C. Individuals.     D. All of the above.
4. According to the passage, which of the following statements about the features of advertisements is NOT true? _____.
A. Advertising must be honest and amusing   B. Advertising is meant for large groups of people
C. There is the description of things advertised D. The sponsors are always mentioned

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附加题：阅读理解（共5小题；每小题3分，满分15分。把答案涂到答题卡上）
Not many years ago， a wealthy and rather strange old man named Johnson lived alone in a village in the south of England. He had made a lot of money in trading with foreign countries. When he was seventy-five， he gave ￡ 12，000 to the village school to buy land and equipment for a children‘s playground.
As a result of his kindness， many people came to visit him. Among them was a newspaperman. During their talk， Johnson remarked that he was seventy-five and expected to live to be a hundred. The newspaperman asked him how he managed to be healthy at seventy—five. Johnson had a sense of humor. He liked whisky and drank some each day. “I have an injection （注射） in my neck each evening.”he told the newspaperman， thinking of his evening glass of whisky.
The newspaperman did not understand what Johnson meant. In his newspaper he reported that Johnson was seventy-five and had a daily injection in his neck. Within a week Johnson received thousands of letters from all over Britain， asking him for the secret of his daily injection.
1. Johnson became a rich man through _________.
A. doing business.                              B. making whisky.
C. cheating.                                       D. buying and selling land.
2. The gift of money to the school suggests that Johnson __________.
A. had no children.                             B. was a strange man.
C. was very fond of children.              D. wanted people to know how rich he was.
3. Many people wrote to Johnson to find out __________.
A. what kind of whisky he had.           B. how to live longer.
C. how to become wealthy.                  D. in which part of the neck to have an injection.
4. The newspaperman ____________.
A. should have reported what Johnson had told him.
B. shouldn‘t have asked Johnson what injection he had.
C. was eager to live a long life.
D. should have found out what Johnson really meant.
5. When Johnson said he had an injection in his neck each evening， he really meant that ______.
A. he liked drinking a glass of whisky in the evening.
B. he needed an injection in the neck.
C. a daily injection in the evening would make him sleep well.
D. there was something wrong with his neck.

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