Theinhalation(吸入)ofasbestospar

更新 2022-09-03
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The inhalation (吸入) of asbestos particles is associated with a number of lung diseases, such as asbestosis and ___50___ cancer.
Asbestosis is caused by the entry of asbestos particles into the wall of the alveoli, causing scarring which limits the functioning of the lungs. The lung ___51___ its elasticity and may change shape. The initial symptoms of asbestosis are a tightness in the chest and breathlessness. In its ___52___ stages, sufferers develop the barrel-shaped chests associated with emphysema, cyanosis, (where the skin takes a bluish ___53___ ) and club fingers.
Lung cancer, the generic ___54___ for malignant tumors（肿瘤）of the alveoli and bronchial tubes, has been shown to be directly ___55___ to the inhalation of asbestos particles. As in the case of asbestosis, there is generally a period of inactiveness which may ___56___ from 25 to 30 years after initial exposure, despite the ___57___of further exposure. Research suggests that there is a direct correlation between the degree of exposure to asbestos ___58___the incidence of lung cancer. Where exposure occurs, the level of risk is further ___59___ by cigarette smoking. Asbestos workers who smoke cigarettes have a 90% greater risk of catching lung cancer than workers who do not ___60___.
Exposure to blue asbestos has been shown to producemesothelioma, a rare cancer of the outer lining of the lung or pleura. In a normal population the incidence of mesothelioma is extremely ___61___. Where epidemiological surveys have revealed a higher incidence of the disease, it is almost always related to ___62___ exposure.
___63___ changes in lung tissue caused by exposure to asbestos are pleural plaques and effusions. The former refer to a thickening of the lining of the chest wall, ___64___ the latter consists of a collection of fluid in the chest region outside the lungs. Pleural plaques commonly remain undiagnosed and generally have no detrimental effect on health.

A．skin B．blood C．liver D．lung

A．loses B．gains C．improves D．tightens

A．early B．formal C．later D．final

A．size B．color C．sound D．smell

A．noun B．term C．way D．approach

A．related B．revealed C．compared D．exposed

A．disappear B．spread C．live D．extend

A．presence B．activeness C．absence D．intensity

A．and B．alongside C．as well as D．plus

A．decreased B．lost C．doubled D．increased

A．diet B．drink C．smoke D．fare

A．high B．low C．common D．frequent

A．lead B．asbestos C．carbon D．hydrogen

A．Three B．Some C．No D．Other

A．in case B．now that C．whereas D．unless

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I played a racquetball game against my cousin Ed last week. It was one of the most__36 and tiring games I've ever had. When Ed first phoned and __37 we play, I laughed quietly, figuring on an___38victory. After all, Ed's idea of___39 has always been nothing more ___40 than lifting a fork to his mouth.___41 I can remember, Ed's been the least physically fit member in the family, and __42 proud of himself. His big stomach has always ballooned out between his Tshirt and trousers. Although the family often__43 about that, Ed refused to buy a___44 Thirt or to lose weight. So when Ed___45 for our game not only with the bottom of his shirt gathered inside his trousers but also with a stomach you could hardly  46   , I was so surprised that I was_ 47 .My cousin must have made an effort to get himself into shape.__48 , at the point in our game when I'd have predicted（预计）the score to be about 9 to 1 in my favor, it was__49 7 to 9—and Ed was_ 50 .The sudden realization was painful. We__51 to play like two mad men. When the score was 16 up, I was having serious __52 about staying alive until 21 years old,let alone_53   that many points. When the game finally ended, both of us were lying flat on our backs, too tired to __54 . In a way, I think we both won in the game, but cousin Ed my ____55 .
36. A. encouraging     B. hopeless       C. surprising      D. regular
37. A. declared        B. mentioned      C. persuaded       D. suggested
38. A. unforgettable   B. unexpected     C. easy            D. early
39. A. exercise        B. preparation    C. joy             D. fitness
40. A. time saving    B. comfortable    C. suitable        D. effort making
41. A. As soon as      B. As long as     C. When            D. Since
42. A. strangely       B. personally     C. reasonably      D. eagerly
43. A. cared           B. forgot         C. quarrelled      D. joked
44. A. clean           B. larger         C. straight        D. darker
45. A. set out         B. got ready      C. arrived         D. returned
46. A. notice          B. admire         C. believe         D. measure
47. A. nervous         B. curious        C. careless        D. speechless
48. A. After all       B. As a result    C. Above all       D. At last
49. A. mistakenly      B. then           C. instead         D. naturally
50. A. leading         B. coming         C. waiting         D. counting
51. A. pretended       B. stopped        C. continued       D. decided
52. A. thoughts        B. doubts         C. situations      D. problems
53. A. scoring         B. completing     C. receiving       D. keeping
54. A. play            B. start          C. sleep           D. move
55. A. friendship      B. respect        C. support         D. favor

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People of Burlington are being disturbed by the sound of bells. Four students from Burlington College of Higher Education are in the bell tower of the __26 and have made up their minds to __27 the bells nonstop for two weeks as a protest(抗议) against heavy trucks which run __28through the narrow High Street.
“They not only make it __29 to sleep at night, but they are __30 damage to our houses and shops of historical __31 ,”said John Norris, one of the protesters.
“__32 we must have these noisy trucks on the roads,”said Jean Lacey, a biology student.“Why don't they build a new road that goes __33  the town? Burlington isn't much more than a __34 village. Its streets were never __35  for heavy traffic.”
Harry Fields also studying __36 said they wanted to make as much __37 as possible to force the __38  to realise what everybody was having to __39 .“ Most of them don't __40 here anyway,” he said,“they come in for meetings and that, and the Town Hall is soundproof(隔音), _ 41they probably don't __42the noise all that much. It's high time they realised the _43 .”
The fourth student, Liza Vernum, said she thought the public were __44  on their side, and even if they weren't they soon would be.
__45  asked if they were __46 that the police might come to __47 them.
“Not really,” she said,“actually we are __48 bellringers. I mean we are assistant bellringers for the church. There is no __49 against practising.”
I __50 the church with the sound of the bells ringing in my ears.
26. A. college         B. village         C. town           D. church
27. A. change          B. repair          C. ring           D. shake
28. A. now and then    B. day and night    C. up and down    D. over and over
29. A. terrible        B. difficult         C. Uncomfortable   D. unpleasant
30. A. doing           B. raising         C. putting        D. producing
31. A. scene           B. period          C. interest       D. sense
32. A. If              B. Although        C. When           D. Unless
33. A. to              B. through         C. over           D. round
34. A. pretty          B. quiet           C. large          D. modern
35. A. tested          B. meant           C. kept           D. used
36. A. well            B. hard            C. biology        D. education
37. A. effort          B. time            C. trouble        D. noise
38. A. towns people    B. other students    C. government officials   D. truck drivers
39. A. stand           B. accept          C. know           D. share
40. A. shop            B. live            C. come           D. study
41. A. but           B. so             C. or             D. for
42. A. notice        B. mention         C. fear           D. control
43. A. event         B. loss            C. action         D. problem
44. A. hardly        B. unwillingly      C. mostly         D. usually
45. A. I             B. We            C. She            D. They
46. A. surprised      B. afraid          C. pleased        D. determined
47. A. seize          B. fight          C. search         D. stop
48. A. proper        B. experienced     C. hopeful        D. serious
49. A. point         B. cause           C. need          D. law
50. A. left           B. found          C. reached       D. passed

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My Experience in a Free School
At first I couldn't believe it! There were no __26  in rows; no bells rang; no one had to go to __27 . Although we all lived “in”, __28  made us go to bed at a certain time; there was no “lights out”.
The __29 thing was that practically all the students went to class, __30  very few people stayed up late at night. Only the new people stayed up or _31 class. The new ones always went wild __32, but this never lasted long. The __33 took some getting used to. Our teachers treated us like_34; never did we have to __35 “stand up”,“sit down”,“speak out”. I don't __36 one student who didn't try his best.
The subjects were the same as those in __37school, but what a difference in the approach(方式)! For example, in botany(植物学) we had __38  classes in the spring or fall, but instead we __39 [ZZ(Z)39two gardens, a vegetable garden and a flower garden. __40 in winter we each studied a few __41  things about what we had grown. In math the students built three different kinds of storerooms small ones __42 ,but usable. They did this instead of having lessons in the classroom. They really had a __43 time too, designing everything, drawing the blueprints, __44  the angles(角度) and so on. I didn't take __45 .I can't stand it! Besides, I could do the basic things with numbers. That's __46!
__47 I think I am a __48  person for having gone to the school. I can read and write as well as anyone else my age, and I can think better. That's probably a real big __49   between the free school and regular school—the amount of __50.
26.A. desks          B. lights        C. students         D. buildings
27.A. home           B. bed           C. class            D. work
28.A. anybody        B. nobody        C. teachers         D. parents
29.A. sad            B. last          C. good             D. strange
30.A. and            B. but           C. so               D. yet
31.A. attended       B. took          C. missed           D. studied
32.A. from then on   B. at first      C. once more        D. just then
33.A. freedom        B. habit         C. time             D. people
34.A. workers       B. pupils         C. gardeners        D. grownups
35.A. understand    B. study          C. play            D. say
36.A. hear from     B. feel like      C. think about      D. know of
37.A. night         B. regular        C. small            D. real
38.A. all           B. short          C. no               D. indoor
39.A. planted       B. studied        C. drew             D. toured
40.A. Still         B. Then           C. Yet              D. Next
41.A. wild          B. successful     C. usual            D. particular
42.A. as well       B. after a while C. of course        D. as a result
43.A. funny         B. great          C. convenient       D. thoughtful
44.A. looking out   B. taking out     C. finding out      D. figuring out
45.A. math          B. care           C. botany           D. notice
46.A. dull          B. interesting    C. enough           D. dangerous
47.A. On the whole B. Once again     C. Sooner or later D. After a while
48.A. careful       B. better         C. busier           D. lovely
49.A. problem       B. chance         C. difference       D. change
50.A. reading       B. gardening      C. teaching         D. thinking

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Chinese scientists are again becoming excited about the fact that a large hairy animal may live in central China. Now they hope it won't be too long before they are able to __71 its existence. Their confidence is the __72 of a new discovery of the mystery animal in Hubei Province.
Ten Chinese __73 , enjoying a holiday in a National Forest Park, were driving down a road. As their bus turned a corner, the men were suddenly __74  by what they saw. Three __75 animals, covered with long dark hair, were crossing the road. On seeing the animals, the engineers immediately stopped and __76them. __77 ,when they saw how the animals moved through the forest with great __78 and strength, they did not dare to follow any further.
The men did not take any __79 . However, scientists are __80 by the discovery, because the engineers were all very educated people and scientists feel they can __81  what they described.
After the discovery, scientists returned to the forest and __82  some hair and measured footprints. About 20 inches appears to be the length of the animal's foot! Chinese scientists have now set up a special group to exchange information and make a __83 of the forest. But in the meantime,some people __84to believe that this halfman, halfmonkey exists. They will not believe that it is __85 until one of the animals has been caught.
71. A. prove         B. analyze         C. protect         D. check
72. A. basis         B. requirement     C. result          D. preparation
73. A. travellers    B. engineers       C. scientists      D. explorers
74. A. frightened    B. amazed          C. upset           D. inspired
75. A. trained       B. rejected        C. tall            D. violent
76. A. shot at       B. looked at       C. fought with     D. ran after
77. A. However       B. Indeed          C. Meanwhile       D. Anyway
78. A. difficulty    B. speed           C. care            D. pleasure
79. A. bullets       B. tools           C. medicines       D. photographs
80. A. surprised     B. delighted       C. disturbed       D. supported
81. A. rely on       B. deal with       C. write down      D. pass on
82. A. cut           B. pulled          C. collected       D. tore
83. A. film          B. tour            C. choice          D. study
84. A. come          B. refuse          C. prefer          D. have
85. A. wrong        B. alive           C. real            D.correct

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Bedtime stories are one of the delights of early childhood. But according to
Dr Julie Spreadbury from Queensland University, parents should not __61  up reading to their children __62 they enter primary school. She says listening to, reading and discussing the stories help children's __63 .
“My __64 indicates that once children can read themselves, most parents stop reading__65 them，”Dr Spreadbury says.
“__66 may be at the end of Year 1, which is far too__67 .”
Dr Spreadbury says __68 reading not only gives children a good start at school, but brings parents and their children closer.
“This makes it __69 for them to open up and talk to parents about things that are worrying them, or things they are __70 in their everyday life.”
61. A. speed         B. keep           C. give         D. hold
62. A. after         B. until           C. if           D. unless
63. A. thinking      B. comprehension   C. relaxation    D. development
64. A. theory        B. research        C. story        D. decision
65. A. about         B. from          C. to           D. through
66. A. Some          B. Most          C. They         D. That
67. A. difficult       B. early          C. much         D. informal
68. A. daily         B. healthy         C. fast         D. bedtime
69. A. easier         B. funnier         C. rarer        D. clearer
70. A. reading       B. promising       C. celebrating   D. Receiving

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