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[广东]2012届广东省广州市普通高中高三综合测试（一）英语试卷

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The more accessible a company’s services are, the more business it will do. Why are the same ___1___ not applied when it comes to Internet websites then? A Hong Kong study has found that the local sites of two leading ___2___, McDonald’s and Motorola, are the most user-unfriendly of the 30 websites tested. The lack of ___3___ means they are not only losing customers, but ___4___ to meet their social responsibilities.
In an ever-more Internet-connected world, ___5___ are as important as physical shops or offices. They are ___6___ used as a way of banking, shopping and getting news. This is especially so for the disabled, who find it ___7___ to shop on-line than go to a store in person. A website that does not let them do this is the same as having a(n) "___8___" sign on a door.
In Hong Kong, it is ___9___ not to provide the disabled with access to schools and buildings, but at present there are no specific laws on Internet accessibility. However, companies are morally responsible for ensuring that their websites can be ___10___ by people who are visually disabled or have difficulty walking around. Ideals for design have long been put forward by the World Wide Web Consortium, a global community working on open standards to ___11___ accessibility and development.
Computer technology is ___12___ fast and it is now much easier to create websites that are ___13___ for all people, sighted or disabled. Companies should ensure that the designers of their websites ___14___ guidelines for accessibility. We should try to make our city as ___15___ as possible, on-line and off.

A．data B．principles C．experiences D．technologies

A．companies B．products C．stores D．factories

A．power B．study C．attraction D．access

A．deciding B．attempting C．failing D．stopping

A．computers B．hotlines C．signals D．websites

A．increasingly B．possibly C．extremely D．randomly

A．cheaper B．safer C．easier D．quicker

A．waiting B．sale C．open D．closed

A．unreasonable B．illegal C．unimportant D．impolite

A．found B．read C．known D．created

A．permit. B．discover C．start D．ensure

A．weakening B．dropping C．changing D．flying

A．wonderful B．usable C．harmless D．profitable

A．follow B．write C．break D．ignore

A．beautiful B．wealthy C．accessible D．respectable

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Are you a social butterfly, or do you prefer being at the edge of a group of friends? Either way, your genes and evolution may play a major 1 , US researchers reported on Monday.
While it may come as no surprise that genes may help explain 2 some people have many friends and others have 3 , the researchers said, their findings go just a little farther than that.
"Some of the things we find are 4   uncommon," said Nicholas Christakis of Harvard University in Massachusetts, who helped   5 the study.
"We find that how interconnected your friends are   6 on your genes. Some people have four friends who know each other and some people have four friends who don't 7 each other. 8    Dick and Harry know each other depends on Tom's 9    ," Christakis said in a telephone interview.
Christakis and colleague James Fowler of the University of California San Diego are 10    known for their studies that show obesity, smoking and happiness spread in networks.
For this study, they and Christopher Dawes of UCSD used national data that   11 more than 1,000 identical(同卵的) and fraternal（异卵的） twins’ genes. Because 12 share an environment, these studies are good for showing the impact that genes have 13 various things, because identical twins 14 all their genes while fraternal twins share just half.
"We found there appears to be a genetic tendency to introduce your friends 15 each other," Christakis said.
There could be good, evolutionary reasons 16 this. People in the middle of a social network could be secret to useful gossip, 17   the location of food or good investment choices.
But they would also be at risk of catching effects from all sides -- in which case the advantage would 18 more cautious social behavior, they wrote in the Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences.
"It may be that natural selection is 19 not just things like whether or not we can resist the common cold, but also who it is that we are going to come into 20   with," Fowler said in a statement.
(    ) 1. A. role                 B. rule           C. roll                  D. pole
(    ) 2. A. where                 B. why          C. when                D. how
(    ) 3. A. a few                      B. several      C. few                  D. some
(    ) 4. A. generally          B. mainly      C. mostly              D. frankly
(    ) 5. A. conduct            B. introduce C. conflict            D. instruct
(    ) 6. A. depends            B. bases         C. take                 D. put
(    ) 7. A. see                   B. inspect      C. learn                D. know
(    ) 8. A. When                  B. Where       C. What                D. Whether
(    ) 9. A. genes                      B. brains        C. appearances      D. figures
(    ) 10. A. much             B. best           C. very                 D. least
(    ) 11. A. recorded         B. illustrated C. described          D. compared
(    ) 12. A. brothers          B. sisters        C. twins                D. cousins
(    ) 13. A. with                      B. on             C. for                   D. to
(    ) 14. A. share              B. have          C. own                 D. show
(    ) 15. A. into                B. to             C. in                    D. from
(    ) 16. A. for                 B. with          C. to                    D. at
(    ) 17. A. in addition to B. due to       C. as for                      D. such as
(    ) 18. A. lie on             B. bring in     C. lie in                D. send in
(    ) 19. A. acting on               B. putting on C. relying on         D. sending on
(    ) 20. A. contract          B. face          C. join                  D. contact

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For those who are conditioned to think that learning only happens in a classroom, the world of self-learning can be a little daunting. How do we best take   1  of these new opportunities?
Your interest in the subject is the essential driver of success. You can’t learn what you do not want to learn. Emotion is an important part of the learning   2  . If you are even moderately interested in a subject, give yourself a chance. The key is to get started. If you can create some pleasurable   3 , you may find that the subject grows on you.
Don’t expect to understand things, much less remember them, the first time you study them. Trust that things will get clearer   4  your brain comes to grips with new information. It is like a cross-word puzzle. As you start to put the pieces together, or string the words together, the full picture becomes clearer. The brain learns all the time, but    5    its own schedule. Learning does not take place according to a schedule laid down by a curriculum or teacher. Some things are easier to learn than others. Some things just take    6   to click in. Keep at it, and you will gradually find that things that seem difficult at first , will become easy with time.
Your brain is struggling to form patterns to    7   new input from your learning activities. Sometimes, no matter how long you focus on one subject, your brain is not going to pick it up. If you are stuck, move   8   . Then cover the same general information from a different source, a different book, or a podcast, or an online lecture or a video. Try to become a grazing learner, roaming the countryside,     9  a feedlot learner, just standing there in one spot. The broader your base, the easier it is to learn. Just as the “rich get richer”, the more you know,     10   you can learn.
Take full advantage of the Internet, iTunes, and     11  mobile devices, not to mention good old-fashioned books and magazines. Learn during “dead time”. Listen in your car, on the train, or   12   jogging. Have your learning with you while waiting in the doctor’s office, or listen while checking out at the supermarket. Anytime is     13 time. Remember, you are learning through exposure, not by nailing things down. It is more like moisture accumulation in a    14  , rather than building a brick wall.
The more varied your learning content, and the more varied the ways in which you learn, the       15 the puzzle will become. Different learning activities suit different people, at different times of the day. Vary your activities in order to keep your interest level   16    . Even if listening and reading work best for you, treat yourself to the odd video lecture, or get-together with other learners. This will renew your batteries.
The “loneliness of the distance learner” is a thing of the   17 . Join a learning community on the web, where members share their knowledge and experience. Search for the communities that suit your interests and learning style. You will find encouragement, advice and stimulus from fellow learners,        18    from tutors, teachers and coaches. In these communities, you can measure your progress against your own goals, or compare your experience     19   that of other learners. You can even teach and help others, which is a great way to learn.
Never has it been easier nor more exciting to be a learner. Let constant learning be a major part of your life-style. The   20       will be constant, personally, socially, and professionally.
(   ) 1. A. advantage    B. place                C. possession         D. example
(   ) 2. A. progress      B. process             C. pressure            D. proposal
(   ) 3. A. roads          B. streets              C. routines            D. building
(   ) 4. A. with           B. if                     C. unless               D. as
(   ) 5. A. on                 B. to                    C. with                 D. for
(   ) 6. A. shorter               B. sooner              C. longer              D. lower
(   ) 7. A. take with     B. com with          C. go with            D. cope with
(   ) 8. A. down          B. on                    C. away                D. off
(   ) 9. A. more than B. less than           C. rather than               D. other than
(   ) 10. A. less           B. quicker             C. lower                      D. more
(   ) 11. A. same         B. similar             C. familiar            D. various
(   ) 12. A. while               B. before              C. after                 D. if
(   ) 13. A. playing     B. learning            C. talking             D. speaking
(   ) 14. A. cloud               B. sky                  C. earth                D. sea
(   ) 15. A. cleaner      B. clearer              C. harder              D. lower
(   ) 16. A. down               B. up                    C. in                    D. out
(   ) 17. A. present      B. day                  C. past                  D. night
(   ) 18. A. as long as B. as far as            C. as well as          D. as soon as
(   ) 19. A. without     B. with                 C. to                    D. beyond
(   ) 20. A. awards      B. words               C. remarks            D. rewards

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Fifteen percent of US teenagers aged 12 to 17 who own mobile phones have received nude（裸体）or nearly nude images of someone they know, according to a survey released on Tuesday.
Only four percent of mobile phone-owning   1 in that age group have sent sexually suggestive pictures of themselves, a practice known as "sexting,"   2 the Pew Research Center’s Internet & American Life Project.
The Pew survey found that girls and boys were equally as likely to have sent a suggestive picture to   3 person and 4   teenagers were more likely to have engaged in "sexting."
Eight percent of 17-year-olds with mobile phones have sent a sexually provocative（刺激的） image 5   texting and 30 percent have 6   a nude or nearly nude image on their phone.
Only four percent of 12-year-olds have sent suggestive images of   7 .
Amanda Lenhart, a senior research specialist at Pew and the author of the report, said sexually suggestive images have become a   8   of "relationship currency" for teens.
"These images are    9 as a part of or instead of sexual activity, or as a way of starting or 10 a relationship with a significant other," she said. "And they are also passed 11 to friends for their entertainment value, as a joke or for   12 ."
"The desire for risk-taking and sexual exploration during the teenage years   13 with a constant connection via mobile devices creates a 'perfect storm' for sexting," said Lenhart.
"Teenagers have always grappled with issues around sex and   14   , but their coming-of-age mistakes transgressions have never been so easily   15   and stored for others to see," she added.
The survey found that teens with unlimited text messaging plans were more likely to receive "sexts"   16   images of people they know. About 75 percent of mobile phone owning teens have unlimited plans.
Among this group, Pew said 18 percent reporting receiving "sexts"    17   with eight percent of teens on    18   data plans and three percent of teens who pay per message.
According to Pew, 58 percent of 12-year-olds own a mobile phone and 83 percent teens aged 17   19    .
Pew noted that a number of US states are grappling with how to 20 "sexting" among minors and some legislatures(立法机关) have stepped in to consider laws that would downgrade charges from felonies（重罪） to misdemeanors（轻罪）.
Pew conducted telephone interviews with 800 teens aged 12 to 17 and their parents between June 26 and September 24.
(   ) 1. A. teens                  B. adults                  C. students            D. parents
(   ) 2. A. referring to               B. reporting          C. saying              D. according to
(   ) 3. A. other                 B. another             C. others               D. the other
(   ) 4. A. younger             B. fewer                      C. older                D. more
(   ) 5. A. by                        B. in                    C. on                    D. through
(   ) 6. A. accepted             B. received           C. sent                  D. mailed
(   ) 7. A. others                B. themselves        C. himself             D. herself
(   ) 8. A. habit                  B. system              C. method             D. form
(   ) 9. A. shared                B. limited             C. tasted                      D. controlled
(   ) 10. A. remaining         B. gaining             C. maintaining      D. obtain
(   ) 11. A. along                      B. by                    C. as                    D. for
(   ) 12. A. joy                  B. fun                  C. excitement     D. delight
(   ) 13. A. compared         B. followed           C. combined         D. went
(   ) 14. A. friendships     B. scholarships      C. relatives           D. relationships
(   ) 15. A. transmitted    B. transformed      C. formed             D. switched
(   ) 16. A. containing               B. concluding        C. including          D. concerning
(   ) 17. A. comparing               B. compared         C. connected         D. joined
(   ) 18. A. limited             B. unlimited          C. few                  D. little
(   ) 19. A. have                B. same                C. do                   D. too
(   ) 20. A. do with            B. deal with          C. remove             D. ban

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Elderly people who drink several cups of green tea a day are less likely to suffer from depression, probably due to a "feel good" chemical found in this type of tea, Japanese researchers said.
Several studies have    1 drinking green tea to lessening psychological problems and Kaijun Niu, of Tohoku University Graduate School, and colleagues found people    2   70 and older who drank four or more cups of green tea daily were 44 percent   3     likely to experience depression.
Green tea is widely   4   in many Asian countries, 5   China and Japan.
Niu's team   6    1,058 relatively healthy elderly men and women. About 34 percent of the men and 39 percent of the women had symptoms of    7 , according to the study that was   8     in the American Journal of Clinical Nutrition.
A total of 488 participants said they    9    four or more cups of green tea a day, 284 said they downed two to three cups    10   and the rest reported having one or fewer cups daily.
According to the researchers, the    11    effect of drinking more    12    tea on alleviating symptoms of depression did not    13   after they factored in social and economic status, gender, diet, history of medical problems and       14 of antidepressants.
There was no  15    between consumption of black or oolong tea, or coffee, and   16     symptoms of depression.
A green tea component, the amino acid thiamine（硫胺素）, which is   17   to have a tranquilizing（镇静的） 18   on the brain, may 19 the "potentially beneficial effect" shown in the current study, Niu noted,   20   that more study is needed.
(    ) 1. A. linked                 B. taken         C. considered               D. regarded
(    ) 2. A. aging                      B. aged          C. years                D. age
(    ) 3. A. more                B. little          C. less                  D. much
(    ) 4. A. sold                 B. planted      C. spread               D. consumed
(    ) 5. A. including          B. concluding C. containing               D. considering
(    ) 6. A. looked for               B. checked     C. investigated      D. asked
(    ) 7. A. optimism          B. happiness C. bitterness          D. depression
(    ) 8. A. published         B. come out C. appeared           D. showed
(    ) 9. A. ate                   B. drank               C. swallowed               D. chewed
(    ) 10. A. weekly           B. daily          C. monthly           D. yearly
(    ) 11. A. apparent         B. light          C. huge                D. gentle
(    ) 12. A. black                     B. oolong      C. coffee              D. green
(    ) 13. A. fade                      B. disappear C. run                  D. decease
(    ) 14. A. influence               B. effect               C. use                   D. result
(    ) 15. A. association      B. use            C. comparison       D. difference
(    ) 16. A. lower             B. increase     C. strengthen         D. cause
(    ) 17. A. assumed          B. thought     C. imaged              D. hoped
(    ) 18. A. effect             B. affect               C. effort                      D. outcome
(    ) 19. A. report             B. confirm     C. complete          D. explain
(    ) 20. A. adding            B. addressing        C. speaking           D. saying

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Seasonal influenza is characterized by a sudden fever, cough, headache, muscle and joint pain, sore throat and runny nose. Most people recover from fever and   1 symptoms within a week without requiring medical attention. But influenza can 2 severe illness or death in people at high risk. The time from infection to illness is about two days.
Yearly influenza epidemics can 3   affect all age groups, but the highest risk of complications occur among children younger than age two, adults age 65 or older, and people of 4   age with certain medical conditions, such as chronic heart, lung, kidney, liver, blood or metabolic diseases, or weakened immune systems.
Seasonal influenza 5   easily and can sweep through schools, nursing homes or businesses and towns. When an   6    person coughs, infected droplets get into the air and another person can breathe them 7    and be exposed. The virus can also be spread by hands infected with the virus. 8    transmission, people should cover their mouth and nose with a tissue when coughing, and 9   their hands regularly.
Drugs for influenza are   10   in some countries and effectively prevent and treat the illness. Some influenza viruses develop 11    to the antiviral medicines, limiting the effectiveness of treatment.
Influenza epidemics occur    12   during autumn and winter in temperate regions. Illnesses result in hospitalizations and deaths mainly among high-risk groups. Worldwide, these annual epidemics result in about three to five million   13     of severe illness, and about 250 000 to 500 000 deaths.
Influenza can cause serious public health and economic problems. In   14    countries, epidemics can result in high levels of worker absenteeism and productivity   15   .   16    most people recover from a bout(轮) of influenza, there are large numbers of people who need hospital treatment and many   17    die from the disease every year.   18     is known about the effects of influenza epidemics in developing countries.
The most    19   way to prevent the disease or severe outcomes from the illness is vaccination. Vaccination is especially important for people at higher risk of serious influenza complications, and for people who live with or care 20    high risk individuals.
( ) 1. A. its                 B. it’s                    C. all                    D. other
( ) 2. A. cause                B. lead                  C. result                D. bring
( ) 3. A. lightly           B. slightly             C. seriously           D. heavily
( ) 4. A. all                 B. any                   C. no                    D. both
( ) 5. A. goes                 B. spreads              C. comes           D. happens
( ) 6. A. to infect        B. infecting           C. infected          D. infect
( ) 7. A. off                B. away                 C. out                   D. in
( ) 8. A. To prevent     B. To protect          C. To prepare         D. To prefect
( ) 9. A. wash             B. washing            C. to wash             D. washed
( ) 10. A. free             B. available           C. useful               D. helpful
( ) 11. A. assistance     B. resistance          C. consistence        D. preference
( ) 12. A. monthly              B. weekly              C. daily                 D. yearly
( ) 13. A. pieces          B. states                C. conditions         D. cases
( ) 14. A. developed    B. developing        C. big                   D. small
( ) 15. A. lose             B. losses                C. loose                 D. lost
( ) 16. A. For                B. Because             C. While               D. Whether
( ) 17. A. /                 B. which               C. do                    D. who
( ) 18. A. Little           B. Much                C. Few                  D. Lot
( ) 19. A. Affective         B. effective            C. attractive           D. aggressive
( ) 20. A. about           B. of                       C. for                    D. to

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