认真阅读下列短文,并根据所读内容在文章后表格中的空格里填入一个最恰当的单词。注意:每个空格不超过3个单词。
Some people think that the Internet is a necessary part of our getting an education, but others blame it for making people addicted (上瘾). This article will discuss the advantages and disadvantages of the Internet.
One of the advantages of the Internet is that one can find all the information on it
with ease(轻易，毫不费劲). Internet portals (入口) like "YAHOO" and "AltaVista" have been created to help us do so. With an Internet connection at home, one has almost no need to go to a library, and this can save a lot of time. Another advantage is that we can communicate with almost everyone over the Net. Email is much cheaper and faster than the normal mail.
On the other hand, the disadvantages are a serious problem for today’s world. The Internet has led to a new disease: Internet addiction. Many students who used to work hard on their studies now spend all their time online, chatting and doing other worthless things, and wasting a lot of money in Internet cafes. In extreme(极端的) cases teens are even lured (引诱) into doing things that are improper and even illegal (不合法的), such as making videos for adults.
The Internet is part of our lives now, but we still have to learn to avoid the dangers that come with it. We should remember that it’s only a source of information, and not a way to search for true friendship.
1. :We need to learn to make use of the Internet properly.
Advantages:
●We can look for (2)______ we need.
●We can get information (3)______ with the help of Internet portals.
●If the Internet is available at home, we don’t need to go to a library, which can save a lot of time.
●The Internet lets us (4)______ almost everyone.
( 5 ) :
●People become addicted to the Internet.
●Students waste (6)______ chatting and doing useless things.
●Internet cafes can cost a lot of (7)______.
●Children can be lured into doing (8)______ things.
The author’s (9)______ :
The Internet is a (10)______ of our lives, but we should learn to avoid the dangers it involves.
阅读下面材料,在空白处填入一个适当的词，或括号内单词的正确形式（不多于3个单词）。
By “luxury(奢侈品)”, we mean "a pleasant and often expensive thing that is not necessary". From a historical point of view, things which were a luxury when they first came into being all became necessities later.
Anything, no matter luxurious it is, will become a necessity, when it is widely used. This is true of many of the present luxuries, among which mobile phones, cars, computers and many other things
(include). It is known to all that the purpose of the development of science is
(make) things easy for the mankind, not for only
small number of people.
, the first thing to do after a new invention occurs is to spread it so as to benefit
many people as possible. In the course of the spread, the luxury becomes decreasingly luxurious until
the end it becomes a necessity. This is an objective law, and
can be an exception.
With the quick (develop) of science and technology, the process for many things to become a necessity from a luxury will be greatly shortened. Anything that can be imagined will be invented and in no time becomes a necessity
(access) to ordinary people.
Once kids hit the teenage years, parenting becomes more difficult than ever. Establishing（建立）effective house rules is one of the best ways to educate teenagers. House rules must respect teenagers’ desire to be independent and make sure they behave responsibly.
How can effective house rules be established?
First of all, get your teenager to take part in making the rules, which can help keep them motivated to follow them. Ask their opinion about what sorts of things they think are important when creating the rules and try to include some of their ideas.
When creating the list of rules, don’t list every single rule imaginable. Instead, try to limit it to the ten most important rules. I’ve seen some parents come up with several pages of rules which turn out to be more like a rule book rather than a list. Remember, it is important to make the list easy to remember and to be a basic guide.
Then, it is important that you write out the list of rules and hang them in a prominent (显眼的) location. Keeping the rules on the refrigerator or displayed somewhere where everyone can see them is a good reminder. Revise the rules whenever there’s a need, not very frequently though.
Explain clearly in advance what negative result will be in store when a rule gets broken. But ensure that none of your results are equal to abusive parenting. For example, take off the rule that says — “if you don’t get home by 11 at night, make arrangements to stay elsewhere until morning”. Let helping with small household chores like cleaning up their own rooms serve as a result of breaking rules.
Follow these tips on establishing effective house rules accompanied by constant positive reinforcement (执行),and you will see the improvement in your teenager’s behavior. Hope you can direct your teenager to become a responsible and independent person with the help of house rules!
| Title |
Establishing house rules for |
| Requirements for house rules |
They must respect teenagers’ desire to be independent and make sure that teenagers have responsible |
| |
Trying to make the rules together |
Ask their opinions Include their ideas |
| Keeping the house rules simple |
Avoid Limit the list to the most important rules. |
|
| Writing out the list of rules and hanging them somewhere visible |
Make the rules revised |
|
| Don’t abuse children if they |
||
| Conclusion |
Your teenager’s behavior will |
阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容或括号内单词的正确形式。
At last firefighters have put out a big forest fire in California．Since then，they (set) about finding out
the fire began．Forest fires are often caused by
(break)glass or by cigarette ends which people carelessly throw away．Yesterday the
(fireman)examined the ground but were not able to find any．They were also quite sure that a cigarette end didn’t start the fire．However，several hours passed
a fireman accidentally discovered the cause．He noticed the remains of a snake which was wound(蜿蜒；缠绕)around the electric wires of a 16，000-volt power line．In this way，he was able to solve
mystery．The
(explain) was simple but very
(usual)．A bird had snatched up the snake from the ground and then
(drop)it on to the wires．The snake then wound
round the wires．When it did so，it sent sparks down to the ground and these immediately started a fire．
The term bystander effect refers to the phenomenon in which the greater the number of people present, the less likely people are to help a person in distress. When an emergency situation occurs, observers are more likely to take action if there are few or no other witnesses. Being part of a large crowd makes it so no single person has to take responsibility for an action (or inaction).
The most frequently cited example of the bystander effect in introductory psychology textbooks is the brutal murder of a young woman named Catherine "Kitty" Genovese. On Friday, March 13, 1964, 28-year-old Genovese was returning home from work. As she approached her apartment entrance, she was attacked and stabbed by a man later identified as Winston Moseley.
Despite Genovese’s repeated calls for help, none of the dozen or so people in the nearby apartment building who heard her cries called police to report the incident. The attack first began at 3:20 AM, but it was not until 3:50 AM that someone first contacted police.
While Genovese's case has been subject to numerous misrepresentations and inaccuracies, there have been numerous other cases reported in recent years. The bystander effect can clearly have a powerful impact on the general conduct of people in a society, but why exactly does it happen? Why don't we help when we are part of a crowd?
There are several factors that contribute to the bystander effect. First, the presence of other people creates a diffusion of responsibility. Because there are other observers, individuals do not feel as much pressure to take action, since the responsibility to take action is thought to be shared among all of those present.
The second reason is the need to behave in correct and socially acceptable ways. When other observers fail to react, individuals often take this as a signal that a response is not needed or not appropriate. Other researchers have found that onlookers are less likely to intervene if the situation is ambiguous. In the case of Kitty Genovese, many of the 38 witnesses reported that they believed that they were witnessing a "lover's quarrel," and did not realize that the young woman was actually being murdered.
Characteristics of the situation can play a role. During a crisis, things are often chaotic and the situation is not always crystal clear. Onlookers might wonder exactly what is happening. During such chaotic moments, people often look to others in the group to determine what is appropriate. When people look at the crowd and see that no one else is reacting, it sends a signal that perhaps no action is needed.
So what can you do to avoid falling into this trap of inaction? Some psychologists suggest that simply being aware of this tendency is perhaps the greatest way to break the cycle. When faced with a situation that requires action, understanding how the bystander effect might be holding you back and consciously taking steps to overcome it can help. However, this does not mean you should place yourself in danger.
But what if you are the person in need of assistance? How can you inspire people to lend a hand? One often-recommended tactic is to single out one person from the crowd. Make eye contact and ask that individual specifically for help. By personalizing and individualizing your request, it becomes much harder for people to turn you down.
| The Bystander Effect |
|
| Passage outline |
Supporting details |
| Concept of the bystander effect |
The bystander effect occurs when the presence of others keeps an individual from becoming It is obvious that the bystander effect can greatly influence |
| Typical example |
In 1964, a young woman named Genovese met with violence and her life was |
for the bystander effect |
Individuals are less likely to take action or feel a sense of Before deciding to offer help, observers may want to make |
| You should realize or know the When in need of help, you should |
Things You Should Insist on No Matter What People Say
Life can get pretty crazy at times． Happiness is dependent upon ourselves，and there are some things in life you should always insist on doing，no matter what others have to say about it．Here is a list of some things you should always do．
1．Learn from your mistakes
No matter what people say，you will make mistakes in your life．Life is a learning process in itself．Some people will make you feel bad about your mistakes，or insult you for making them． Accept your mistakes fully and really figure out what went wrong．
2．Embrace change and creativity
A popular proverb is，“You cannot solve a problem in the same state of consciences that created it．” Change and creativity are vital in today’s world．Things are always changing，so why should we be any different?
3．Appreciate what you have This can take away from our happiness．Sometimes you just need to sit back and be happy about where your life is right now，and what you have to show for it. Sure people might tell you it’s not good enough，but don’t listen to them．It is good enough，and it gives you a sense of pride when you can enjoy the things you already have in life．
4．Listen to your heart
Sometimes you just need to follow your instincts and do what your heart tells you. There are some situations，like relationships，that rely more on your heart than on your head．People will surely tell you differently，but you should always insist on listening to what you want and feel. Again，you are the one who lives with your choices，and you are the one that has to live with the“what ifs．”
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