阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中

更新 2022-09-03
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阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
Just listen
I think the most basic and powerful way to connect to another person is to listen. Just listen. Perhaps the most important thing we ever give each other is our 16 ，and especially if it’s given from the 17 ．When people are talking，there’s no need to do anything but 18    them．Just take them 19 ．Listen to what they’re saying．Care about it．Most times caring about it is even more important than 20 it．
One of my patients told me that when she 21 to tell her story，people often 22 to tell her that they had once had something just like what happened to her．Her pain became a story about themselves． 23 she stopped talking to most people．It was just too 24 ．We connect through listening．When we interrupt what someone is saying to let them know that we understand，we move the 25 of attention to ourselves．But when we listen，they know we care．
I have ever learned to 26 to someone crying by just listening．in the old days I used to reach for the tissues （纸巾） 27 I realized that passing a person a tissue may be just another way to shut them 28 ，to take them out of their   29 of sadness and pain. Now I just listen．When they have cried all they need to cry, they find me there 30   them．
This 31 thing has not been that easy to learn．It certainly went against everything I had been   32 since I was very young at school．I thought people listened only because they were too 33 to speak or did not know the answer．A loving silence often has far more   34   to connect than the most well-intentioned 35 ．

A．introduction B．instruction C．attention D．relaxation

A．head B．memory C．mind D．heart

A．talk to B．listen to C．object to D．stick to

A．in B．up C．off D．away

A．denying B．remembering C．questioning D．understanding

A．managed B．tried C．hoped D．expected

A．encouraged B．interrupted C．discouraged D．urged

A．Eventually B．Immediately C．Completely D．Especially

A．impolite B．meaningless C．lonely D．selfish

A．middle B．focus C．center D．choice

A．respond B．compare C．link D．regret

A．unless B．if C．until D．when

A．down B．away C．in D．off

A．experiment B．mixture C．judgment D．experience

A．with B．against C．for D．among

A．complex B．simple C．complicated D．single

A．mentioned B．published C．taught D．proved

A．shy B．greedy C．active D．proud

A．strength B．energy C．power D．force

A．gestures B．praise C．criticism D．words

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You have waited 45 minutes for the valuable 10 minutes’ break between classes. But when the bell for the next class rings, you can’t   36   how quickly time has passed.
If you are familiar with this   37 , you’ll know how time flies when you are having fun-and 38   when you are bored. Now scientists have   39   a reason why this is the case.
Scans have shown that patterns of activity in the brain   40   according to how we focus on a task. When we are   41 , we concentrate more on how time is passing. And this makes our brains   42   the clock is ticking more slowly.
In an experiment   43   by a French laboratory, 12 volunteers watched an image   44
researchers monitored their brain activity.
The volunteers were told to   45   concentrate on how long an image appeared for, then
46   the color of the image, and thirdly, study both duration and color. The results showed that 47   was more active when the volunteers paid   48   subjects.
It is thought that if the brain is   49   focusing on many aspects of a task, it has to 50 its resources, and pays less attention to the clock. 51 , time passes without us really   52   it, and seems to go quickly. If the brain is not so active, it concentrates its   53   energies on monitoring the passing of time.   54 , time seems to drag.
Next time you feel bored   55 , perhaps you should pay more attention to what the teacher is saying!
36．A．guess                      B．learn                      C．believe                   D．doubt
37．A．view                      B．point                      C．scene                      D．experience
38．A．drags                      B．stops                      C．backs                      D．gains
39．A．thought over           B．made up                 C．suggested                D．come up with
40．A．change                   B．develop                  C．grow                      D．slow
41．A．sleepy                    B．bored                            C．excited                   D．active
42．A．report                     B．think                      C．decide                    D．see
43．A．produced                B．carried                    C．tried                       D．performed
44．A．so                          B．when                      C．while                      D．but
45．A．partly                     B．quickly                   C．how                       D．first
46．A．remember               B．focus on                 C．forget                    D．tell apart
47．A．the researchers        B．the experiment        C．the clock                 D．the brain
48．A．much attention to                                       B．more attention to
C．attention to many                                        D．attention to more
49．A．busy                       B．likely                            C．ready                      D．sure
50．A．focus                      B．gather                     C．reach                     D．spread
51．A．However                B．Furthermore            C．Therefore                D．Finally
52．A．recognizing             B．watching                 C．noticing                  D．counting
53．A．enough                   B．full                        C．right                       D．proper
54．A．In fact                    B．As a result                     C．For example            D．Instead
55．A．in class                   B．with work               C．in mind                  D．of lessons

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Some personal characteristics play an important role in the development of one’s intelligence . But people fail to realize the importance of training these factors in young people .
The so-called ‘non-intelligence factors’（非智力因素）include    36     feelings , will , motivation （动机）, interests and habits . After a 30-year follow-up study of 8000 males , American psychologists （心理学）   37     that the main cause of disparities in intelligence is not intelligence     38    , but non-intelligence factors including the desire to learn , will power and self-confidence .
39    people all know that one should have definite objectives , a strong will and good learning habits , quite a number of teachers and parents don’t pay much attention to     40    these factors .
Some parents are greatly worried    41     their children fail to do well in their studies . They blame either genetic （遗传的）factors , malnutrition ,（营养不良）or laziness , but they never take     42    consideration these non-intelligence factors . At the same time , some teachers don’t inquire into these , as reasons    43     students do poorly . They simply give them more courses and exercises , or     44    criticize or laugh at them . After all , these students lose self-confidence . Some of them just feel defeated and     45    themselves up as hopeless . Others may go astray（迷途）because they are sick of learning .   46     investigation of more than 1,000 middle school students in Shanghai showed that 46.5 per cent of them were   47      of learning , because of examinations , 36.4 per cent lacked persistence , initiative （主动）and consciousness （正直地、谨慎的）and 10.3 per cent were sick of learning .
It is clear    48     the lack of cultivation （培养） of non-intelligence factors has been a main     49    to intelligence development in teenagers . It even causes an imbalance between physiological （生理的）and    50     development among a few students .
If we don’t start now to   51      the cultivation of non-intelligence factors , it will not only affect the development of the   52      of teenagers , but also affect the quality of a whole generation . Some experts have put forward    53     about how to cultivate students’ non-intelligence factors .
First , parents and teachers should    54     understand teenage psychology . On this basis , they can help them to pursue （调动）the objectives of learning ,     55   their interests and toughening their willpower .
36．A．one’s                     B．their                             C．his                         D．her
37．A．came out                B．found out                 C．made out                D．worked out
38．A．in itself                  B．by itself                 C．itself                      D．on its own
39．A．Though                  B．Nevertheless            C．However                D．Moreover
40．A．believing                      B．studying                 C．cultivating              D．developing
41．A．about                     B．when                     C．how                       D．whether
42．A．for                        B．in                          C．into                        D．over
43．A．why                             B．that                       C．when                     D．how
44．A．ever                             B．even                      C．still                       D．more
45．A．put                        B．get                         C．handle                   D．give
46．A．The                       B．An                         C．Another                  D．A
47．A．afraid                    B．ahead                     C．aware                    D．ashamed
48．A．that                       B．how                       C．why                       D．which
49．A．difficulty                      B．question                 C．threat                     D．obstacle(障碍)
50．A．intelligent              B．characteristic          C．psychological         D．physical
51．A．practise                B．thrust                     C．strengthen              D．urge
52．A．intelligence            B．diligence                 C．maturity（成熟）   D．performance
53．A．projects                 B．warnings                C．suggestions             D．decision
54．A．fully                      B．greatly                   C．very                             D．highly
55．A．insuring                 B．going                     C．encouraging           D．exciting

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In some cities , workaholism（废寝忘食工作）is so common that people don’t consider it unusual . They accept the lifestyle as      36     . Government workers in Washington , D. C. , 37      , frequently work sixty to seventy hours a week . They don’t do this because they have to ; they do it because they       38    to . Workaholism can be a     39      problem . Because true workaholics would rather work than do anything else , they      40     have no idea of how to relax ; that is , they might not     41      movies , sports , or other types of entertainment . Most of all , they     42      to sit and do nothing . The lives of workaholics are usually stressful , and this tension（紧张）and worry can cause      43     problems such as heart attacks and stomach diseases .     44     , typical workaholics don’t pay much attention to their families . Their marriages may end in      45     as they spend little time with their families .
Is workaholism      46     dangerous ? Perhaps not . There are , certainly , people who work      47     under stress . Some studies show that many workaholics have great energy and interest in work . They feel     48      is so pleasurable that they are actually very happy . For most workaholics , work and entertainment are the same thing . Their jobs      49     them with a challenge ; this keeps them busy and creative .
50     do workaholics enjoy their jobs so much ? There are several      51     to work . Of course , it provides people with paychecks , and this is important . But it offers     52      financial security . It provides people with self-confidence（自信心）; they have a feeling of satisfaction       53    they have produced a challenging piece of work and are able to say “I      54     it” . Psychologists （心理学家）claim that their work gives people an identity （自身价值）. After they take part in work , they     55      a sense of self and individualism .
36．A．strange                  B．boring                   C．pleasant                 D．normal
37．A．for example           B．on the other hand    C．what’s more           D．after all
38．A．agree                     B．promise                 C．dare                       D．want
39．A．slight                     B．serious                   C．obvious                  D．difficult
40．A．still                        B．probably                C．certainly                D．mostly
41．A．afford                    B．enjoy                     C．watch                    D．allow
42．A．dream                    B．decide                    C．intend                    D．hate
43．A．physical                 B．cultural                  C．social                     D．mental
44．A．Therefore               B．However                C．Anyway                 D．Besides
45．A．happiness               B．silence                   C．failure                   D．surprise
46．A．sometimes              B．always                   C．seldom                   D．hardly
47．A．sadly                     B．differently              C．efficiently              D．slowly
48．A．study                     B．family                   C．life                        D．work
49．A．equip                     B．pack                      C．provide                  D．fill
50．A．When                    B．Why                      C．How                      D．Where
51．A．factors                   B．advantages             C．steps                      D．ways
52．A．no more                 B．more or less            C．no more than          D．more than
53．A．when                     B．before                    C．unless                    D．until
54．A．valued                   B．failed                     C．caught                   D．made
55．A．give                             B．lose                       C．get                        D．need

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One of the political issues that is heard a lot about in the States lately is campaign（竞选）finance reform（改革）. The people who are 36 for reform usually want the 37 to pay for campaigns and/or limit the amount of money that candidates（候选人）and their 38 can spend.
One reason that reform is called for is that it costs so much to 39 for political office. Candidates have to spend a great deal of time and effort 40 money. The incumbents (those already in office) have less time to do chief jobs since they must 41 so many money raising events.
Another 42 is the fear that candidates will be owned or 43 by the “special interest groups” that give money to their campaigns. Sometimes this certainly seems to be the 44 .
On the 45 side are those who say that it doesn’t mean it’s really 46 just because you call something “reform”. They argue that the right to freedom of speech is 47 if the government can limit anyone’s ability to get his or her message out to the people.
If one person or a group of people want to tell the 48 what they think about an issue or candidate, they have to buy 49 on TV, radio, and in newspapers and magazines. They might want to put up advertisements along highways and on websites. All this costs a lot of 50 .
Those against laws that control or limit spending say that you don’t really have freedom of 51 or freedom of the press if you can’t get your message out. They say the government should never be able to control 52 discussions. They believe that this is most important when the voters are about to make 53 .
What do you think about this 54 ? Listen to what the candidates for national office have to say. Which candidates 55 the most sense to you?
36．A．waiting                   B．calling                    C．standing                  D．preparing
37．A．government            B．president                 C．candidates               D．citizens
38．A．leaders                   B．bosses                     C．supporters               D．states
39．A．pay                       B．compete                  C．wait                       D．work
40．A．raising                    B．earning                   C．giving                    D．getting
41．A．notice                     B．report                     C．guard                            D．attend
42．A．event                      B．cost                        C．reason                    D．office
43．A．encouraged             B．forced                    C．controlled               D．ordered
44．A．joke                       B．purpose                  C．case                       D．example
45．A．other                      B．same                      C．another                   D．different
46．A．worse                     B．better                            C．easier                            D．harder
47．A．meaningless            B．unimportant            C．unnecessary             D．impossible
48．A．reporters                 B．truth                       C．story                      D．public
49．A．time                       B．copies                     C．rights                            D．advertising
50．A．energy                    B．effort                            C．time                       D．money
51．A．argument                B．opinion                   C．speech                    D．election
52．A．common                 B．political                  C．general                   D．special
53．A．profit                            B．trouble                   C．plans                      D．decisions
54．A．quarrel                   B．problem                  C．issue                       D．affair
55．A．find                       B．make                      C．create                     D．produce

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I was cleaning out an old box when an old card caught my eye : Queen City Casket Company . “What is it ?” I wondered . I   36     it over . There , in faded ink , was a hand-scrawled（手写的）   37     . Immediately my mind traveled     38    many years .
I was nine years old , walking down the cold , wet streets of Springfield , with a bag of magazines on my shoulder . On my    39     that day , I came to that Company finally , whose owner , Mr Rader , had always taken me there to ask his workers    40     they wanted any magazines .
Shaking off the     41    like a wet dog , I entered Mr Rader’s office . After a quick glance he     42    me over to the fire-place . Noticing the     43    in the top of my    44    , he said , “ Come with me !” pulling me into his pickup    45     . We pulled to a stop before a shoe store . Inside , a salesman    46     me with the finest pair of Oxfords I had    47     seen . I     48    about 10 feet tall when I got up    49     them . “ We’d like a pair of new socks too,” Mr Rader said .
Back in his office , Mr Rader took out a     50    , wrote something on it , and handed it to me . With    51     eyes , I read , “ Do to others as you would have them do to you .” He said affectionately (深情地), “Jimmy , I want you to    52     I love you”.
I said good-bye , and for the first time I    53     a flicker of hope that somehow things would be    54     . With people like Mr Rader in the world , there was hope , kindness and love , and that would always make a    55     .
36．A．read                             B．thought                  C．turned                    D．passed
37．A．address                  B．list                        C．message                 D．information
38．A．forward                 B．so                          C．ahead                     D．back
39．A．return                    B．rounds                   C．trip                        D．arrival
40．A．if only                   B．how                       C．whether                 D．why
41．A．dust                       B．sweat                     C．tail                         D．rain
42．A．led                        B．followed                C．watched                 D．carried
43．A．hole                             B．mud                             C．water                     D．cover
44．A．magazine                  B．shoe                         C．sock                      D．bag
45．A．truck                     B．factory                   C．home                     D．store
46．A．dressed                  B．fitted                     C．showed                  D．comforted
47．A．ever                             B．already                  C．never                     D．hardly
48．A．appeared                B．seemed                  C．looked                   D．felt
49．A．for                        B．with                             C．on                         D．in
50．A．pen                       B．paper                     C．card                       D．notebook
51．A．tearful                   B．unbelievable           C．curious                  D．puzzled
52．A．admit                    B．know                     C．consider                 D．express
53．A．sensed                   B．received                 C．lost                        D．gained
54．A．mistaken                B．right                      C．all right                 D．possible
55．A．deal                       B．fortune                  C．choice                    D．difference

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