For hundreds Of years, scientists have been trying to answer what things have an effect on people’s emotions (情感). How you feel is controlled by many things. Your emotions can be affected by your personality, by the actions of others and by events around you. Perhaps you don’t know your emotions can be influenced by the weather as well.
People often say they feel good when the sun is shining and sad when it is cloudy. In fact, sunlight makes us feel good. When sunlight hits our skins, our bodies produce a vitamin. Vitamins are natural chemicals (化学物质) which we all need to stay healthy. Sunlight helps our bodies produce vitamin D. Vitamin D helps our bodies make a special chemical. This special chemical affects our brains (大脑) and makes us feel happy. For example, there are long, dark winters of little sunlight in Sweden and Norway, so many people in these countries often feel sad. Without much sunlight, their bodies produce less vitamin D. Without enough vitamin D, their bodies make less of this special chemical which makes them feel good. To help the people in these countries feel better, special “sunrooms” with artificial (人造的) lights have been built. People can go there and get “sunlight” for an hour or two!
The weather can also affect people’s emotions in other ways. Hot weather can make people angry because people feel uncomfortable when they are hot. In the same way, rain can make people angry because being wet can be unpleasant. As you can see, the weather can have an effect on the chemicals which control our brains. Through these ways, the weather can influence our emotions. Sadly, while the weather can change us, we can hardly change the weather. Which of the following is NOT mentioned as a factor (因素) that can affect one’s emotions?
| A．Weather. | B．Actions of others. |
| C．Personality. | D．Age. |
Which of the following is true about vitamin D according to the passage?
| A．It is a kind of artificial chemical. |
| B．It makes us worried by affecting our brains. |
| C．It is needed by us all to keep fit. |
| D．It is in the sunlight. |
What can we infer (推断) from the passage?
| A．We feel good when we are in the bright cool weather. |
| B．We will be happy when we are caught in the rain. |
| C．All people in Norway and Sweden feel sad in winter. |
| D．The more vitamin D you have, the happier you’ll be. |
What may be the best title for this passage?
| A．Why Do We Feel Sad? |
| B．The Weather Influences People’s Emotions |
| C．People Need More Vitamin D |
| D．We Can Hardly Change the Weather |
In a small village in England about 150 years ago, a mail coach ( 邮车 ) was standing on the street . It didn’t come to that village often . People had to pay a lot to get a letter . The person who sent the letter didn’t have to pay the postage (邮资 ) , while the receiver had to .
“Ｈere’s a letter for Miss Alice Brown , ” said the mailman .
“ Ｉ’m Alice Brown , ” a girl of about 18 said in a low voice .
Alice looked at the envelope（信封） for a minute , and then handed it back to the mailman .
“ Ｉ＇m sorry I can’t take it , I don’t have enough money to pay it＂, she said .
A gentleman standing around were very sorry for her . Then he came up and paid the postage for her .
When the gentleman gave the letter to her , she said with a smile , “ Thank you very much ,This letter is from Tom . I’m going to marry him . He went to London to look for work . I’ve waited a long time for this letter , but now I don’t need it , there is nothing in it .”
“ Really ? How do you know that ? ” the gentleman said in surprise .
“ He told me that he would put some signs on the envelope . Look ,sir ,this cross in the corner means that he is well and this circle means he has found work . That’s good news .”
The gentleman was Sir Rowland Hill . He didn’t forgot Alice and her letter .
“ The postage to be paid by the receiver has to be changed ,” he said to himself and had a good plan .
“ The postage has to be much lower , what about a penny (便士 ) ? And the person who sends the letter pays the postage . He has to buy a stamp and put it on the envelope .” he said .
The government accepted his plan . Then the first stamp was put out in 1840 . It was called the “ Penny Black “ . It had a picture of the Queen on it . The first postage stamp was made ___________ .
| A．in England | B．in America |
| C．by Alice | D．in 1910 |
The girl handed the letter back to the mailman because ______________ .
| A．she didn’t know whose letter it was |
| B．she had no money to pay the postage |
| C．she received the letter but she didn’t want to open it |
| D．she had already known what was written in the letter |
We can know from Alice’s words that _________________ .
| A．Tom had told her what the signs meant before leaving |
| B．Alice was clever and could guess the meaning of the signs |
| C．Alice had put the signs on the envelope herself |
| D．Tom had put the signs as Alice had told him to |
The idea of using stamps was thought of by __________________ .
| A．the government | B．Sir Rowland Hill |
| C．Alice Brown | D．Tom |
From the passage we know the high postage made _____________ .
| A．People never send each other letters |
| B．lovers almost lose every touch with each other |
| C．people try their best to avoid(避免) paying it |
| D．receivers refuse to pay the coming letters |
56. We can see _______ in the butterfly exhibition .
| A．some paintings . |
| B．some pictures of butterflies only . |
| C．some beautiful butterflies . |
| D．some pictures of the towns from all over the world . |
You are going to see the exhibition with your 14 –year –old daughter , you will have to pay __________ .
| A．15 yuan | B．20 yuan |
| C．25 yuan | D．35 yuan |
We can book group tickets ____________ .
| A．by making a phone call |
| B．by sending an e –mail |
| C．by writing a letter |
| D．by filling in an application form |
There are 45 students in our class . How much will they pay if they visit the exhibition ?
| A．￥ 675 | B．￥ 450 | C．￥900 | D．￥400 |
If you go to the exhibition on 1 st , May , you can get ___________ .
| A．a book | B．a ticket |
| C．a butterfly | D．a present |
The pollution of the environment has become an important problem that the world has to face. Luckily, humans have realized it and we have been taking steps to deal with this problem. And many days have been appointed(指定).
On March 12 every year, many Chinese people plant trees because it is China’s Tree Planting Day. It first began in 1979. Different countries made different days as Tree Planting Day. Some countries’ Tree Planting Day is the same day as World Forest Day, such as France.
World Forest Day comes on March 21 every year. It was started by Spain in 1971. And the first World Forest Day was held on March 21, 1972. The purpose of World Forest Day is to encourage everyone to protect(保护) the trees because they are very important to our life.
Earth Day comes on April 22 every year. The purpose of Earth Day is to encourage people all around the world to protect the environment. It was created in America in 1970. But it wasn’t until 2009, April 22 that was named Earth Day by the UN.
Smoking is bad for our health. In order to stop people from smoking, April 7 was made as World No-Tobacco Day(世界无烟日) in 1987. The first World No-Tobacco Day began in 1988. But in 1989, it was made another day, on May 31 every year.
| Day |
Date |
Purpose |
| China’s Tree Planting Day |
March 12 |
|
| March 21 |
To encourage everyone to protect the trees. |
|
| Earth Day |
April 22 |
|
| World No-Tobacco Day |
To stop people from smoking. |
All living things on the earth need other living th ings to live on. Nothing lives alone. Most animalsmust live in a group, and even a plant grows close together with others of the same kind. Sometimes one living thing kills another, one eats and the other is eaten.①Each kind of life eats another kind of life in order to live, and together they form a food chains(子).Some food chains are simple, while others are not. But all food chains begin with the sun, ② and all food chains become broken up if one of the links(接) disappears.
All life needs sunlight to live on. But only plants can use sunlight directly. Plants are “factories”.
They make food from sunlight, water and things in the soil and air. Plants feed all other living things. Animals can only use the suns energy after it has been changed into food by plants. Some animals feed directly on plants, others eat smaller animals. Meat-eating animals are only eating plants indirectly.
What about human beings? We are members of many food chains. We eat wheat, rice, vegetables, fruits and so on. We also eat meat and drink milk. ③But men often break up the food chains. They kill wild animals and make the rivers, lakes, and seas dirty. When these rivers, lakes and seas are polluted, the fish in them cannot be eaten. If men eat the fish, they will get strange diseases(疾病).
Each form of life is linked to all the others. Breaking the links puts all life in danger.根据（1）处的句子完成下面的句子。
Each kind of life eats another kind of life ________ _________ it can live.将（2）处的句子翻译成中文。
_______________________________________________________ 根据（3）处的句子完成下面的句子。
The food chains ________ often ________up by men.
Within IOC, Samaranch was a man much admired and sometimes loved, the Spanish who made the organization into one that is rich and so powerful.
No one doubted Samaranch’s ability to make something impossible come true. In 1981 he ensured(确保) that Seoul was elected to be the host of the 1988 Olympics. Remember, that was a time when the two Koreas were at war with each other. And because Samaranch helped swing(使改变) Spanish votes(投票) across to London, rather than to Paris, London was made host for the 2012. To China and the Chinese people, Samaranch was considered a great friend. Thanks to his efforts(努力) during his last term as IOC president, Beijing and China won the Olympics for the first time.
Samaranch led the IOC from 1980 to 2001. Certainly, throughout his IOC presidential term, he had a soft spot for Moscow, for it was there that he was elected president of the IOC in 1980, and it was there that he managed to reach his final wishes as IOC president. Very early on in that 2001 Moscow session he wanted the Belgian surgeon, Jacques Rogge, a newcomer to the Olympic Movement, to replace him as president, for China to host the 2008 Olympic Games and for his son, Juan Antonio Samaranch junior, to become an IOC member. He got all three wishes.
Samaranch’s death came three months before his 90th birthday on April 21st, 2010.Samaranch became the president of the IOC in __________.
| A．Spain | B．London | C．Paris | D．Moscow |
Samaranch was born _________.
| A．in June, 1921 | B．in July, 1921 |
| C．in July, 1920 | D．in June, 1920 |
Which of the following is NOT one of his final wishes?
| A．London was made host for the 2012. |
| B．Rogge replaced Samaranch to be IOC president. |
| C．His son became an IOC member. |
| D．The 29th Olympic games was held in Beijing. |
Which of the following is FALSE about Samaranch?
| A．Samaranch ruled IOC for 21 years. |
| B．Samaranch was good at communicating. |
| C．Samaranch was born in Russia. |
| D．Samaranch was regarded as a great friend to China. |
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