2010年江苏省常州市初中毕业升学考试英语卷

    Why do you think people who live in some hot countries eat very spicy(辛辣的)food? Is it because the spices make the food taste better? Is it just because their parents and grandparents and great-grandparents liked hot food，or is there some connection between spices and healthy food?
Researchers from Cornell University think that it is because spice plants have some important chemicals(化学物质)．These chemicals can kill bacteria(细菌)which spoil food．
“Most common spices can kill 75 to 100 percent of the bacteria in food，”explains one of the scientists．The bacteria grow more easily and spoil food more quickly at higher temperatures．For this reason，it is more difficult to keep food from spoiling in hot climates，
Do you like your food spicy? Your answer probably tells something about the country you come from．If you like spicy food，it is possible that hundreds of years ago，when there were no fridges，people in your country started using spices to keep the food from spoiling．The traditional spicy dishes helped those people to live longer，healthier lives．Today，in a time of fridges，the spices just make the food taste good．
The chemicals in spices keep food from spoiling by_________．

Food goes bad more quickly in hot climates because_______．

According to the passage，spices are useful in an the following things except_______．

A new TV series in England，Away from it all，has surprised everyone by becoming a huge success with young people across the country．Its success is surprising because the series is about the relaxing lifestyles of people who live in the country．There is none of the action that we usually see on TV today．There are also no stressful moments，busy offices or crowded cities．Away from it all is set in the peaceful English countryside and tells simple stories about people’s kindness．  
The director of the TV series says that its success is a sign of teenagers suffering from stress．They say that watching Away from it all helps teenagers forget about the pressures(压力)of exams and homework，and the troubles that fill the world today．They also say that it’s a good sign of today’s young people switching to(转到)happier TV series as it shows they would like a happier and healthier world．
Although the series’success might have a good side，many teachers and parents are worried，however．They say that some of their students and children are becoming couch potatoes(终日泡在电视机前的人)and are using Away from it all as an excuse for not completing homework．Some children have even refused to learn for exams because they say that they can only achieve personal happiness by avoiding(避免)stressful situations completely．
And what do the experts(专家)say? Paula Ray，a doctor of education，says that TV can influence children’s lifestyles．But she says that if a child reacts strongly，it’s likely that there are other reasons for his change in behaviour．She says that there is nothing wrong with watching Away from it all but suggests that parents should make sure their children know TV is not the same as real life，
The success of the new TV series is surprising because________．

The director of Away from it all believes that the series helps young people deal with______．

The success of the series shows that young people would like________．

Who are worried about the effects of the series?

根据下列句子及所给汉语注释，在答题卡上标有题号的横线上，写出空缺处各单
词的正确形式．每空只写一词．
1．Please ▲ (切)me a piece of cake．
2．He has always been a big ▲ (迷)of Michael Jackson．
3．Charlie tried to ▲ (使平静)the frightened children．
4．It wasn’t very ▲ (有礼貌的)of you to serve yourself without asking．
5．Smoking is not ▲ (允许)in this restaurant．
6．Is the fire still ▲ (燃烧)?
7．The baby’s first front ▲ (牙齿)are just coming through．
8．Phone me ▲  (今晚)when you get there．
9． ▲ (幸好)，she was in when I called．
10．It was ▲ (明显的)that she was not going home．

将下列句子译成英语．
1．这个俱乐部的确是个好玩的去处．
2．你昨天为何急于买这台照相机?
3．我们的班长擅长地理，但他从不炫耀．
4．你认为新火车站什么时候能建成?
5．有些人就是不知道怎样节约能源．

假设在英语课上老师给你们欣赏了电影《太空大灌篮》的主题曲I Believe I Can Fly．这是一首催人奋进的励志歌曲．请你根据以下要点以“I Believe I Can Fly”为题，用英语写一篇短文，参加某英语杂志社的写作比赛．
内容要点；
1．这首歌告诉我们自信的重要性；
2．自信给人勇气尝试，使人成功；
3．梦想和自信使人勇于面对困难；   
4．没有梦想和自信，不会获得成功；
5．你的感悟(考生自拟，至少一点)．
注意：
1．词数90左右．短文的开头已为你写好，不计入总词数；
2．参考词汇：自信—confidence(n．)；
3．短文须包括所有要点，不要逐词翻译，可适当发挥，使短文连贯、通顺，文中不得出现真实的人名、校名等相关信息．

 There are sixty minutes in __________hour.
A. a                                          B. an                                 C. the

 –Lily has a silk __________.Listen,she is singing in the next room!
-- How nice!.
A. look                                    B. noise                                 C. voice

– Peter,can you tell me the differences__________the four words?
--Sorry,I don’t know.
A. between                          B. among                                  C. for                 

--Hello! May I speak to Kate?
--Sorry, she isn’t here now. She __________to Shanghai.
A. went                                       B. has been                                 C. has gone

 --Which do you prefer, tea or coffee?
-- __________is OK.I don’t care.
A. Either                           B. Neither                             C. Both

 –I want to teach in Tibet when I graduate from the college.
--Me too.Teachers __________very much there.
A. need                             B. are needing                     C. are needed

 --Don’t worry.My mother will look after your baby __________.
--Thanks a lot.
A. careful enough                  B. enough careful                   C. carefully enough

--Who teaches __________English?
--No one.I teach __________.
A. you;myself                      B. your;myself                   C. you;me

 --The cake is too expensive. Would you like to show me a _______one?
--Sure. Here you are.
A. cheap                               B. cheaper                                    C. cheapest

 --Would you please tell me __________?
--At 10:00 this evening.
A. when will the train leave
B. when the train will leave
C. when does the train leave

 --It’s really nice of you to help me!
--_________
A. My pleasure.                                    B. Don’t say that                   C. Is that so?

 --Tomorrow will be sunny. How about having a picnic in the park?
--_________________ But I have to prepare for tomorrow’s exam.
A. I’d love.                       B. I’d love to.               C. That’s right.

 --Excuse me,which is the way to the post office?
--Sorry, I don’t know .You can ask the policeman over there.
--________________
A. How lucky!                           B. It’s a pity.                             C. Thank you all the same.

-- Shall we see the movie today or tomorrow?
--_____________ It’s all the same to me.
A. I hope so.                       B. I’m sure.                             C. It’s up to you.

--Liu Xiang had to give up the race because of his foot.
--_________
A. What a shame!                B. Of course.                     C. He was so careless.

When people find something valuable and return it to its owner, they are often given a reward. This is because the person not only found what was lost but also spent time   46  its owner or taking it to the police station.
There was once a young boy   47  found a woman’s purse in a shopping centre. Inside the purse there   48  some money and the woman’s driving license. Her name and   49  were printed on the license, so the boy knew where she lived. That evening he went to her house and   50  her door. When she opened it, he said, “ I found your purse,” and handed it to her.
“Thank you very much,” she said. She opened her purse and took out all the money. She wanted to give the boy a small reward,   51  there were only bills of ＄20 in the purse and she thought that $ 20 was too   52  to give the boy. “ I’m sorry,” she said, “ but I don’t have any small    53  to give you.”
The boy said, “That’s all right,” and he went away.
A few days later he found   54  woman’s purse. It also had her driving license in it, so he knew where she lived. He went to her house and said “ I found your purse,” and handed it to her.
“Thank you very much, “ she said. She opened her purse and took out all her money.
“That’s   55   ” , she said, “ Before I lost my purse I had a $100 bill and a $20 bill in it. Now I have a $100 bill, a $10 bill and two $5 bills.”
“Yes,” the boy said, and smiled.
A. to find                                    B. finding                       C. find
A. who                                         B. whose                               C. which
A. is                                               B. were                                    C. was
A. e-mail                                       B. address                            C.age
A.cut down                                        B. knocked on                         C. broke into
A. so                                             B. but                                         C. or
A. little                                          B. few                                       C. much
A. change                                         B. menu                                        C. purse
A .another                                         B. the other                                 C. other
A interesting                                    B. exciting                               C. strange

Beijing is _________ capital of China and it is _________ city with many places of interest.

—Have you decided where to spend your summer holiday?
—Not yet. We _________ go to Qingdao.

—He’s already back to Australia, _________?
— _________. He is on a visit to Shanghai.

—I would like you to talk about the Great Wall.
—I’m sorry, but _________ Jack _________ I have been there.

—What did Jack ask you just now?
—He wanted to know how long _________ when I reached the cinema.

I think Bob is the suitable person to take the job because he can do the work well with_________ money and _________ people.

—Please _________ the tigers. It’s dangerous to take photos with them.
—Oh, I see. Thank you.

_________ wonderful news report he wrote! All of us were proud of him.

They want to develop a kind of dog-friendly food _________ will help dog owners cool down  their pets.

—Would you please help me with my drawing skills?
— _________. You can come to my studio every Saturday.

When I was in the third grade, I was chosen to be the princess in the school play. For “weeks my mother had helped me practise my lines. But once on the stage, every word    11   from my head. Then my teacher asked me to change my role to be a narrator (解说者) for the play.    12   I didn’t tell my mother what had happened that day, she noticed my    13   and asked if I wanted to take a walk in the garden.
It was a lovely spring day. We could see dandelions (蒲公英) popping (炸开)   14    the grass in bunches (束). I watched my mother bend down by one of the bunches. “I think I’ll dig up (挖光) all these weeds (野草),” she said. “From now on, we’ll   15   have roses in this garden.”
“But I like dandelions,” I protested(抗议). “All flowers are   16   —even dandelions !”
My mother looked at me seriously. “Yes, every flower gives pleasure in its own way, doesn’t it?” she asked thoughtfully. I nodded. “And that is   17   of people, too,” she added.
When I   18   that she had guessed my pain, I started to cry and told her the truth. “But you will be a wonderful narrator,” she said,    19   me of how much I loved to read stories’ aloud.
Thanks to my mother’s encouragement, I got to know everybody had his or her own    20  in the world. I felt proud of the role in the play.

A．developed B．left C．failed D．disappeared

A．If B．Because C．Though D．Since

A．difficulty B．mistake C．danger D．unhappiness

A．through B．past C．beyond D．behind

A．hardly B．only C．still D．also

A．harmless B．healthy C．beautiful D．fresh

A．true B．kind C．same D．clever

A．remembered B．realized C．explained D．promised

A．representing B．complaining C．recommending D．reminding

A．honor B．progress C．value D．interest

A group of swans flew down to a beach where a crow (乌鸦) was jumping around. The crow watched them with disdain (笔试).
“You have no flying skills at all!” he said to the swans. “All you can do is to move your wings. Can you turn over in the air? No, that’s beyond you. Let’s have a flying competition. I’ll show you what real flying is!”
One of the swans, a strong young male, took up the challenge (挑战). The crow flew up and began to show his skills. He flew in circles, performed other flying tricks, and then came down and looked proudly at the swan.
Now it was the swan’s turn. He flew up, and began flying over the sea. The crow flew after him, making all kinds of comments (评价) about his flying. They flew on and on till they couldn’t see the land and there was nothing but water on all sides. The crow was making fewer and fewer comments. He was now so exhausted that he found it hard to stay in the air, and had to struggle to keep himself from falling into the water.
The swan pretended (假装) not to notice, and said, “Why do you keep touching the water, brother? Is that another trick? “
“No,” said the crow. He knew he had lost the competition. “I’m in trouble because of my pride (自大) ! If you don’t help me, I’ll lose my life...”
The swan took pity on him, and took him on his shoulders and flew back to the beach.
What’s the correct order of the following events?
a. The crow followed the swan and got into trouble.
b. The swan felt pity for the crow and saved it.
c. The crow had to ask the swan for help.
d. The swan accepted a challenge of performing flying tricks.

What does the underlined word “exhausted” in Paragraph 4 mean?

What do we learn from the passage?

Cats are the most popular pets among Americans. So it is not surprising that there are a lot of expressions about cats. Some cats like to catch small birds, like canaries (金丝雀). If someone looks very proud and satisfied with himself, we say “he looks like the cat that ate the canary.”
Sometimes, a cat likes to play with a small animal it catches. So if you “play cat and mouse” with someone, it means that you change between different kinds of behavior when dealing with another person. For example, a girl might offer something sweet to her little brother and then take it away when he reaches for it.
Americans might say that something is “the cat’s miaow” or “the cat’s pajamas(睡衣)” to describe something that is the best or finest. “A copycat” is someone who acts just like someone else or copies another person’s work. “A fat cat” is a person with a lot of money.
If you tell about something that is supposed to be a secret, we say you “let the cat out of the bag”. If you are not able to speak or answer a question, someone might ask you if “the cat has got your tongue(舌头)”
Have you ever watched children in a classroom when their teacher leaves for a few minutes? “When the cat’s away, the mice will play” means people sometimes act badly when there is no supervision (监管).
You may have heard the expression “curiosity killed the cat”. This means caring too much about things that are not your business might cause problems.
If you have ever had cats as pets, you know it is difficult to train them or to get them to do something. Cats are not like Sheep or cows that can be moved in a group. So we say a difficult or impossible job is like “herding (放牧) cats “
What can we learn from the passage?

In which of the following situations do we most probably use the expression “curiosity killed the cat”?

Where can you most probably find the passage?

Have successful people ever felt sad? Do they have any “secrets” to success? The answers to these questions can be found in US president Barack Obama’s “back to school” speech. Here is an excerpt(摘录) from his speech.
I know that sometimes, you get the sense that you can be rich and successful without any hard work—that your ticket to success is through rapping (饶舌音乐) or basketball or being a TV star, when chances are, you’re not going to be any of those things.
But the truth is, being successful is hard. You won’t love every subject you study. Not all the homework will seem completely important to your life right this minute. And you may not succeed at everything the first time you try.
That’s OK. Some of the most successful people in the world are the ones who’ve had the most failures. JK Rowling’s first Harry Potter book was turned down 12 times before it finally came out. Michael Jordan was cut from his high school basketball team, and he lost hundreds of games and missed thousands of shots (投篮) during his career. But he once said, “I have failed over and over and over again in my life. And that is why I succeed.”
These people succeeded because they understand that you can’t let your failures beat you—you have to let them teach you. You have to let them show you what to do differently next time.
No one’s born being good at things. You become good at things through hard work.
Don’t be afraid to ask questions. Don’t be afraid to ask for help when you need it. I do that every day. Asking for help isn’t a sign of weakness; it’s a sign of strength. It shows you have the courage to admit(承认) when you don’t know something, and to learn something new.
And even when you’re struggling, even when you’re discouraged (泄气), and you feel like other people have given up on you—don’t ever give up on yourself. Because when you give up on yourself, you give up on your country.
Why does Barack Obama mention (提到) JK Rowling and Michael Jordan in the fourth paragraph?

Which of the following statements is NOT true?

Which of the following is the closest in meaning to the underlined sentence?

For hundreds Of years, scientists have been trying to answer what things have an effect on people’s emotions (情感). How you feel is controlled by many things. Your emotions can be affected by your personality, by the actions of others and by events around you. Perhaps you don’t know your emotions can be influenced by the weather as well.
People often say they feel good when the sun is shining and sad when it is cloudy. In fact, sunlight makes us feel good. When sunlight hits our skins, our bodies produce a vitamin. Vitamins are natural chemicals (化学物质) which we all need to stay healthy. Sunlight helps our bodies produce vitamin D. Vitamin D helps our bodies make a special chemical. This special chemical affects our brains (大脑) and makes us feel happy. For example, there are long, dark winters of little sunlight in Sweden and Norway, so many people in these countries often feel sad. Without much sunlight, their bodies produce less vitamin D. Without enough vitamin D, their bodies make less of this special chemical which makes them feel good. To help the people in these countries feel better, special “sunrooms” with artificial (人造的) lights have been built. People can go there and get “sunlight” for an hour or two!
The weather can also affect people’s emotions in other ways. Hot weather can make people angry because people feel uncomfortable when they are hot. In the same way, rain can make people angry because being wet can be unpleasant. As you can see, the weather can have an effect on the chemicals which control our brains. Through these ways, the weather can influence our emotions. Sadly, while the weather can change us, we can hardly change the weather.
Which of the following is NOT mentioned as a factor (因素) that can affect one’s emotions?

Which of the following is true about vitamin D according to the passage?

What can we infer (推断) from the passage?

What may be the best title for this passage?

We’ve come a long way from blackboards and chalk. Modern technology (技术) has provided us with lots of ways we can make learning more interesting.  Perhaps most importantly of all, it’s also more interactive (互动).
Some kinds of tools (工具) have been developed. They make the 21st century learning experience much more interactive and interesting. Attracting the attention of students is always difficult, but these tools have made a big difference in how pupils learn.
For example, an interactive whiteboard is different from a traditional chalkboard. It allows the teachers to show images and provide sound as well.  If you imagine a large computer screen with colorful images and sound added in, you can see why so many pupils are drawn in by what they see and hear in a modern classroom.
Various audio (声音的) tools also help to make sure that everyone can hear what the teacher has to say. In the past, if a teacher said something that a child missed, perhaps the child was too timid (胆小的) or nervous to ask them to repeat it. Now they are less likely to miss out simply because they’re sitting too far away from the teacher to hear them.
The 21st century classroom is able to teach pupils more than one thing. For example, imagine a history lesson is given in a modern classroom. How is it different from a classroom setting in the past? The answer is simple. The students will not only learn about history itself, they will also learn how to use the modern equipment (设备) that helps the teacher get their message across.
Modern technology can make teaching and learning easier. Student response (应答) system makes everyone able to express their opinions or answers without having to speak up. Since everyone can do it, the teacher can see who needs more help in other ways.
It’s clear that this kind of classroom technology is making a great difference in modern classrooms.

Topic	Modern technology helps us make teaching and learning more interesting and interactive.
▲  of using modern technology in the classroom	1. Make it much easier to attract pupils’  ▲   by using different tools. ●Whiteboards allow teachers to show colorful images and provide sound. ●Audio tools make students hear the teacher’s ▲   even if they sit too far away from the teacher. 2. Make students learn more than one thing. ●Help students learn the knowledge of a   ▲   and the use of modern equipment as well. 3. Make teaching and learning easier. ●Student response system makes students give their opinions or answers without   ▲   up and allows teachers to help students when necessary.
Conclusion	Modern classroom technology makes a great difference to teaching and learning.

根据句子意思，用括号中所给词的正确形式填空，每空填一词。
1. English dictionaries are very    ▲   (use) to you when you study English.
2. Could you pass the    ▲   (knife) to me? We need them to make pumpkin lanterns.
3. Don’t be    ▲   (patient)! You should listen to what he is saying first.
4. Four    ▲   (five) of the students in our class have heard about the trip.
5. The guide has collected all the    ▲   (visit) ID cards.

根据句意及汉语提示，写出各单词的正确形式，每空填一词。
1. As soon as they    ▲   (到达) to the hotel, they held a meeting at once.
2. After Jim answered the phone, he rushed out of the house    ▲   (立即).
3. Kids    ▲   (低于) 5 years old can’t play with this kind of toy.
4. The dresses    ▲   (本身) are made of common materials, but they sell well because of the famous designer.
5. He seldom    ▲   (回复) to the e-mails his friends send him.

用括号内所给动词的正确形式填空(共5小题；每小题1分。满分5分)
1. Since he fell off the bike, John    ▲   (lie) in bed for nearly a week.
2. We’ve worked for a long time. Let’s stop    ▲   (drink) some water.
3. You mustn’t touch the machines unless you    ▲   (allow) to.
4. —What’s his plan after he leaves school?
—He    ▲   (go) to Beijing for further education.
5. —Has the teacher finished marking the exam papers?
—Sorry, I don’t know. He    ▲   (mark) them in the office yesterday afternoon.

根据所给中文完成句子(共6小题；每小题1．5分，满分9分)
1．格林一家此刻正在参加时装表演吗?
                     ▲                     at the moment?
2．昨天晚上直到9点，他才做完作业。
                     ▲                           last night．
3．这些书可以在网上订购。
These books                       ▲                       ．
4．原谅那个年轻人又一次迟到是不明智的。
It’s not wise                       ▲                      ．
5．请在学业和爱好之间保持平衡。
Please                         ▲                        ．
6．到去年年底为止，我们又建了三个博物馆。
By the end of last year，                     ▲                     ．

假设某美国教育代表团将来你校参观访问，请你根据下表提示的信息，用英语向外宾简单介绍学校近年来所发生的变化，并谈谈你的感想。

注意：
1．词数不少于90。文章的开头和结尾已经写好，不计入总词数。
2．要点完整、层次清晰、语法正确、上下文连贯。
3．文中不得提及考生所在学校和本人姓名。
Ladies and gentlemen! It’s my honor to tell you about the changes to our school.
_______________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________
I hope you will enjoy your stay in our school. Thank you very much!