Recently some American scientists have given a useful sincere piece of advice to people in industrialized nations that they would be much healthier if they ate more of the same kind of food eaten by humans living more than 10,000 years ago.The scientists say that the human body has changed very little since humans first appeared on the earth, but the way we live has changed greatly. Our body has not been able to deal with these changes in life style and this has led to new kinds of sicknesses. These new sicknesses were not known in ancient times, so they are called “diseases of civilization”. Many cancers and diseases of the
blood system, including heart attacks and strokes ( 中风 ) are examples of such diseases.Scientists noted that people in both the Old Stone Age and the New Stone Age enjoyed very little alcohol or tobacco, probably none. Ancient people also got a great deal of physical exercise, but a change in food is one of the main differences between life in ancient times and that of today.Stone-age people hunted wild animals for their meat, which had much less fat than domestic or tame ones ( 家畜 ). They also ate a lot of fresh wild vegetables and fruits. They didn’t have milk or any other dairy products, and they made very little use of grains. But today, we eat a large amount of these. We eat six times more salt than our remote ancestors. We eat more sugar. We eat twice as much fat but only one third as much protein and much less vitamin C.People today probably do not want to live the way people thousands of years ago did, but scientists say that we would be much healthier if we ate 
much the same way as remote ancestors did, cutting the amount of fatty, salty and sweet food.What is the main cause that people suffer from a lot of new sicknesses?
| A．Ancient people did a great deal of physical exercise. |
B．People today have a lot of alcohol. |
C．People today have more tobacco. |
D．Food today is quite different from that of ancient times. |
Which of the following belongs to the dairy products?
| A．Milk | B．Corn | C．Pork | D．Flour |
New kinds of sicknesses have been found because ________.
| A．the human body has changed compared with humans who first appeared on the earth |
B．the way we live has changed a little |
C．our body can’t deal with the changes in life style |
D．the way we live today is proper for the human body |
According to some scientists, Stone-age people were much healthier than people today because they ate a lot of ________.
| A．milk and other dairy products | B．salt and sugar |
C．wild animals, fresh wild vegetables and fruits | D．grain foods |
第三部分阅读理解 （共10小题；每小题2分，满分20分）
阅读下列短文,从每小题后所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中,选出最佳选项。
A friend of mine named Paul received an expensive car from his brother as a Christmas present．On Christmas Eve when Paul came out of his office, a street urchin （顽童） was walking around the shining car．“Is this your car, Paul?” he asked.
Paul answered, “Yes, my brother gave it to me for Christmas.” The boy was surprised．“You mean your brother gave it to you and it cost you nothing? Boy, I wish…” He hesitated.
Of course Paul knew what he was going to wish for．He wished he had a brother like that．But what the boy said surprised Paul greatly.
“I wish,” the boy went on, “that I could be a brother like that.” Paul looked at the boy in surprise, and then he said again, “Would you like to take a ride in my car?”
“Oh yes, I’d love that.”
After a short ride, the boy turned and with his eyes shining, said, “Paul, would you mind driving in front of my house?”
Paul smiled a little．He thought he knew what the boy wanted．He wanted to show his neighbors that he could ride home in a big car．But Paul was wrong again．“Will you stop where those two steps are?” the boy asked.
He ran up to the steps．Then in a short while Paul heard him coming back, but he was not coming fast．He was carrying his little crippled （残疾） brother． He sat him down on the step and pointed to the car.
“There she is, Buddy, just like I told you upstairs．His brother gave it to him for Christmas and it didn’t cost him a cent．And some day I’m going to give you one just like it… Then you can see for yourself all the nice things in the Christmas window that I’ve been trying to tell you about.”
Paul got out and lifted the boy to the front seat of his car．The shining-eyed older brother climbed in and the three of them began an unforgettable holiday ride.
56．The street urchin was very surprised when __________．
A．he saw the shining car B．Paul told him about the car
C．he was walking around the car D．Paul received an expensive car
57．From the story we know that the urchin __________．
A．wished to give his brother a car
B．wished Paul’s brother to give him a car
C．wished Paul could be a brother like that
D．wished he could have a brother like Paul’s
58．The urchin asked Paul to stop his car in front of his house ______.
A．to show he had a rich friend B．to show his neighbors the car
C．to let his brother ride in the car D．to tell his brother about his wish
59．We can infer from the story that __________.
A．Paul couldn’t understand the urchin
B．the urchin’s wish came true in the end
C．the urchin wished to have a rich brother
D．the urchin had a deep love for his brother
60．The best title for the story probably is __________．
A．A Christmas Present B．A Street Urchin
C．A Brother Like That D．An Unforgettable Ride
Marriages improve after children grow up and move out，according to an academic study，
which suggests an“empty nest”is not always a bad thing．
Popular wisdom has it that parents’relationships may suffer once their young fly the coop，
because they feel they have lost their purpose in life．However,a new study by researchers at the
University of California,Berkeley，has found that many couples actually feel happier when their
children leave home because they are able to enjoy spending time together．
In total，123 American mothers born in the 1930s were tracked for 18 years and asked to rate
their satisfaction levels shortly after marrying,when they were bringing up babies，once their
children reached their teenage years and finally at age 61，when almost all had“empty nests”．
Although not all said they were happier in general，most claimed their marriages had improved since their children had left home．Researchers believe this is not just because the spouses were spending more time together,but because they were able to enjoy each other’s company more．
One of the participants in the study,which is published in the jourmal Psychological Science，
said：“Once the kids grow up…there’s some of that stress removed…that responsibility removed，so things are a little more relaxed．’’
Psychologist Sara Gorchoff,who carried out the investigation，said：“The take-home message
for couples with young children is‘hang in there’．”Her co-author Oliver John added：“Don’t wait until your kids leave home to schedule quality time with your partner．”
However,Dr Dorothy Rowe，from the British Psychological Society，said the effects of living
in an“empty nest'”will depend on the parents’relationship with their children．“If yod’re just
waiting for them to leave home so you Can get on with your life，then of course you’11 be pleased to see them go，”she said，‘‘But if you’ve built your life around your children you’11 be terribly lonely．”For some parents，their world falls apart when their Children leave．’’
72．It is commonly believed that
A．marriages improve after children leave home
B．an“empty nest'’is always a happy thing
C．parents’relationships may suffer once their young grow up and move out
D．parents will be pleased after their children leave home
73．When did many couples feel happier according to the study?
A．At age 61．when almost all had“empty nests”．
B．Shortly after marrying．
C．Once their children reached their teenage years．
D．When they were bringing up babies．
74．Marriages improve after children fly the coop not because
A．many couples are able to spend time together
B．many couples arc able to enjoy each other’s company
C．things are a little more relaxed
D．many couples needn’t work at all
75．The author ofthe passage tends to agree that ．
A．parents should build their life around their kids
B．parents should schedule quality time with each other before kids leave home
C．parents’relationship with their kids has no effect on marriages at all
D．parents should be pleased to see their kids leave home
Science。And technology students in China and the US have a1ong way to go before they call develop a deep understanding of scientific reasoning,researchers have found．
As part of a research to compare science education in China and the US，LeiBao,a professor
from the Departmenr of Physics of the Ohio S
tate University, gave 5,760；freshmen in three US and four Chin
ese univeristies two tests to evaluate content knowledge and another to assess scientific reasoning
Though Chinese students did be
tter than their US counterparts in the first two tests that
Emphasized on learning facts,both groups “scored relatively poorly”on the third test,designed to
Assess their ability ot systmatically explore a problem , the results showed.
Lei Bao said that the finding challenges conventional wisdom，which holds that teaching
science facts will improve students’reasoning ability．“Our study shows that ,contrary to what many people would expect，even when students are thoroughly taught the facts，they don’t necessarily develop the reasoning skills they need io succeed．’’IBao said：‘“Because students need both knowledge and reasoning,we need to explore teaching methods that target both．”
‘The current education systems and asessment of China and the US do not emphasize on deep understanding of scientific reasoning in the disciplines of science；technology,engineering and mathematics(STEM)，the study concluded．
Bao explained that reasoning is good skill for everyone topossess-not just scientists and
engineers：The general public also need good reasoning skills in order to correctly interpret
scientific findings and think rationally．STEM students need to excael at scientific reasoning in order to handle open-ended real-world tasks in their future careers in science and engineering．
How to boost scientific reasoning?The study suggests that educators must go beyond teaching science facts if they hope to boost students’reasoning ability．Bao points to inquiry-based leaming.where students work in groups，question teachers and design their owu investigations．This teaching technique is growing in popularity worldwide．
67．According to the research，we know that
A．Chinese students and their US counterparts did poorly in the first two tests
B．Chinese students did beaer than their US counterparts in alI the three tests
C．Chinese students did beaer than their US counterparts in the first two tests ‘
D．US students did beaer than their Chinese counterparts in the third test
68．The conventional wisdom holds that ．
A．the more facts~tudents are taught，the more reasoning skills they will acquire
B．the general public also need reasoning skills to interpret scientific findings
C．to boost students’reasoning ability,educators must explore teaching methods
D．the current education Systems are harmful to improve students’reasoning ability
69．Based on the study,what will be done to improve students’reasoning ability?
A．To improve teaching techniques． B．To better students’learning conditions．
C．To teach students more science facts． D．To offer students more tests．
70．The underlined phrase“excel at”in Paragraph 6 probably means ．
A．be worse at B．be beaer at C．be enthusiastic about D．be inferior to
71．Which of the following is correct according to the passage?
A．Little needs to be done to develop students’reasoning ability in the US．
B．Only scientists and engineers need reasoning abilities．
C．Two tests were carried out to evaluate students’scientific reasoning．
D．Inquiry-based learning is a good way to boost students’reasoning ability．
1n 2007．five young people in the American state of Massachusetts developed an idea.The team knew that the world is filled with mobile phones．About eighty percent of all people are said to live within reach ofa wireless telephone signal．
The idea was to use mobile phones and the Internet to connect job seekers with employers．The young people wrote a business plan and formed a company called Assured Labor．
Assured Labor won a development competition at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology
(MIT)．Three of the founders were graduate students there．
Assured Labo ris an electronic market place．It has two parts．One is for；the Unied States．That operation was launched in January in Boston．It links pe'ople with employeis offering temporary jobs．
The other arm of the business is for developing markets．That operation is
meant to help people get mbfe permanent jobs．A representative is currently building partnerships with universities，and international compaines in Central America.
Assured Labor’s presidenL David Reich，says the companies now place job advertisements on radio or in newspapers．Some even drive around in cars with loudspeakers announcing that jobs are available．He says the companies are interested．in having more modem hiring practices．
Through Assured Labpr,companies will list open positions on the Internet．People who think
they could do the job could reply by text messags or on their cellphones．
This is how the system works in Boston.
The jobs available include house cleaning．dog walking and home repai.People who want their house cleaned，for example，can look online at a list of twenty housekeepers．The list tells what services．they offer，and how much they want to be paid．People need two letters praising their work to get on the list of service providers．
The employer chooses workers they would like jto hire ,The company then sends the workers a text or e-mail message so they can respond quickly to an offer．
After a job is completed，the employer and employee rate each other, The rating is kept for future use．Assured Labor is not charging anyone，right now,but the plan is to have employers pay for the service．
61．Assured Labour is founded by
A．David Reich B．five young people in Massachusetts
C an uknown expert D．three graduate students fromMIT
62．what kinds ofjobs does Assured Labor offer?
A．Temporary jobs． B．Permanent jobs．
C.Free jobs D, BothA and B·
63
．Which is NOT one of the means for Assured。Labor to advertise jobsavailable?'
A．Radio B．Newspapers C．TV programmes D．Cars with loudspeakers
64．Which of the following is the proper procedure to seek a job through Assured Labor?
a. People can look online at a list of jobs
b．Companies will list open positions on the Internet．
c．The company sends the workers a text or e-mail message．
d．The workers can respond to an offer．
e．The employer'chooses workers they would like to hire．
A．acdbe B．baecd C．bedae D．abdea
65．What can be inferred from the passage?
A．The present hiring practices need to be improved．
B．Employers don’t need to pay Assured Labour．
C．Universities also join Assured Labor for financial help
D. Assured Labor only offers household jobs．
66．Which of the following can be the best title of the passage?
A．An Electronic MarketPlace
B. Mobile Phones and Markets
C. Getting Into Job Market by Mobile Phone
D .Job Seekers and Markets
第三部分阅读理解(共20小题；每小题2分．满分40分)
阅读下列短文。从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡
上将该项涂黑。 ，
On an—airplane，a spacecraft or a man-made satellite，there is usually an installad device called the“biack box ”Made of a special kind of material．it would remain unbroken，even if the entire craft were blown to pieces．The box records some important data,which provide clues as to what changes had occurred before the real thing came along and help to discover the causes of the
disaster．
The black box．Therefore, becomes the last piece of evidence left.More often,it reveal a Schocking fact that many aircrafts met their disasters only beeanse of a simple but fatal mistake
Some hadn’t been supplied with sufficient fuel；others crashed due to a bird flying in their paths.In many cases。the pilot had been tired．In 1986，the famous US space siadttle Challenger exploded
soon after launch, because a screw on it was a bit loose!
An idea thus occurs to me：if a human being was equipped with a similar device,tracking all
the subtle inner Changes that had taken place over time，the results could astonish the world
Newspapers carry no few sueh stories from day to day－cases of graft or bribe-taking(行贿或受贿)，how—innocent maIl was robbed and killed,and so on．A fatal error,committed by a criminal at a particuiar point in his life，may have arisen from a small quarrei or
out of envy．The number of those who were bom evil and deliberately sent themselvas to the“gallows(绞架)”is in fact extremely small．The disappointment towards the last moment of their life is no different from a struggl against an aircraft crash！
Behave properl in small matters and take best care of the soul---this，I’insist,is the message
from that mysterious box planted deep inside human souls
56．The underlianed phrese”a similar device” in Paragraph 3 refers to
A ；the mysterious box inside human souls． B．the causes of the disasters；
C. The fatal mistake of space shuttles． D．the function of the black box.
57．The underlined phrase“a similar device”in Paragraph 3refers to
A：a useful device B.a black box
C. an installed device D．an important instrument
58．According to the text,which ofthe following is NOT true?
A Most ofus were bom kind，but those evil by nature are not in small numbers．
B．Many crashes should have been avoided ifpilots had been careful.
C．Some small errors can even cause a long-lasting regret．
D．~’Even ifthe plane blows up，the black box can still function·.
59．The best title for the text is
A．The Black Box B．The Black Box and Disasters
C． The Black Box ofthe Soul D．The Black Box and Humans
60．The purpose of the author is to
A． warn us of our safety B．tell us to treat others kindly
C． how us his concerns D．remind us of taking good care of our soul
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