第二节：语法填空（共10小题，每小题1.5分，满分15分）阅

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更新 2022-09-03
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第二节：语法填空（共10小题，每小题1.5分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，按照句子结构的语法性和上下文连贯的要求，在空格处填入一个适当的词或使用括号中词语的正确形式填空，并将答案填写在答题卡标号为31～40的相应位置上。
I remember my first Christmas adventure with Grandma. I remember tearing across town 31      my bike to visit her on the day my big sister dropped the bomb: “There is no Santa Claus.” she laughed. “Even dummies(傻瓜) know that!” I   32      (flee) to Grandma   33      I knew she would be straight with me. She always told the truth.
“No Santa Claus?” she said. “Ridiculous! Don’t believe   34     . Put on your coat, and let’s go.” “Go where, Grandma?” I asked.
As we walked through the doors of the general store Grandma handed me ten dollars and said, “Buy something for someone   35      needs it. I’ll wait for you in the car.”
I was only eight years old. Never had I shopped for anything all by myself. For a few moments I just stood there,   36      (wonder) what to buy, and who to buy it   37    . I thought of everybody I knew. Then I thought about Bobbie Decker.
He was my classmate with bad breath and   38     (mess) hair, and he sat right behind me. He didn’t have a coat. I knew that because he never went out to play games during the winter. I held   39      bill with growing   40     (excite). I would buy Bobbie a coat.

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The Chinese New Year is a great holiday to choose to celebrate Chinese culture with your child. Here are few fun ways to bring a bit of fun and  1  into your home through the festivities of the Chinese New Year.
1.Add a lucky red door. Red is a traditional color of   2 . It's an important part of the Chinese New Year to   3 on doing what one can to bring about good luck for the New Year. If you don't want to 4  the door red, how about wrapping it up like a present with red wrapping paper. If changing your front door's color is not workable, how about the door to your child's bedroom?
2.Eat. A huge part of most cultures is that of food and the Chinese New Year is not   5 , it's eating jiaozi at midnight on New Year's Eve, or longevity noodles on day seven of the festivities to    6 long life. The Chinese New Year celebrations mean many fancy meals that your child will   7 .
3.Create a lantern. Sara Naumann, the Guide to China Travel, shares a bit about the legend of the Lantern Festival or Yuanxiao, which occurs on the   8 day of the Chinese New Year festivities. It's a   9 that includes an emperor, a young woman who misses her family, and tricking the God of Fire. Your kids should love this story. After   10 it with them, or while reading the story, enjoy making your own paper lantern to display.
4.Give lucky money. The Guide to Mandarin Language shares that another very popular   11 during the Chinese New Year is that of the gift of red envelopes with   12 in them. These gifts are given to children and usually follow a bit of superstition（迷信） in that the money needs to be given in even amounts and never contain   13 numbers, such as four. Therefore, four dollars is not a good gift. The envelopes are also decorated with lucky symbols and New Year   14 .
5.Give a small gift. The giving of simple gifts is also an appropriate way to   15 the Chinese New Year. What better gift than that of a children's book about the Chinese New Year or the Chinese Culture.
6.Make some noise. Just like in America, the Chinese use   16 in ringing in their New Year. In the Chinese culture it began as a way to   17  away any demons（鬼） that threaten to bring a profitable and lucky New Year, but today it's also about excitement and   18 . Consider setting off a few firecrackers of your own, if allowed in your area. If not, make a cute firework picture with a bit of glitter and glue. A pretend firecracker is another great craft that could also be considered a festive way to decorate your New Year table.
7.Sing Happy Birthday to your dog. The second day of the Chinese New Year is   19 the birthday of all dogs. Why not   20 your child to throw Fido a birthday celebration? Perhaps an extra ride in the car or new chew toy is in order? I know my dog would appreciate a few extra belly rubs too.
(    ) 1. A. tradition           B. culture             C. civilization       D. habit
(    ) 2. A. wealth              B. disaster             C. belief                      D. luck
(    ) 3. A. focus                      B. accuse              C. adapt                D. mind
(    ) 4. A. boil                 B. paint                C. wash                D. purchase
(    ) 5. A. same                B. similar             C. common           D. different
(    ) 6. A. come about       B. take about         C. bring about       D. get out
(    ) 7. A. bore                 B. destroy             C. enjoy                      D. absorb
(    ) 8. A. last                  B. first                 C. second              D. next
(    ) 9. A. play                 B. story                C. novel                      D. history
(    ) 10. A. sharing           B. listening           C. reading             D. making
(    ) 11. A. invention               B. story                C. race                 D. tradition
(    ) 12. A. food                      B. clothes             C. money              D. jewels
(    ) 13. A. unclear           B. unlucky            C. unfair               D. uncertain
(    ) 14. A. wishes            B. signs                C. presents            D. happiness
(    ) 15. A. spend             B. envy                C. buy                  D. celebrate
(    ) 16. A. firecrackers     B. songs                      C. dances              D. goods
(    ) 17. A. take                      B. scare                C. get                   D. burn
(    ) 18. A. fun                B. relax                C. sleep                D. travel
(    ) 19. A. fixed              B. named              C. considered               D. marked
(    ) 20. A. order              B. accompany       C. tease                D. allow

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Here's a new warning from health experts: Sitting is deadly. Scientists are increasingly warning that sitting for prolonged periods — even if you also exercise regularly — could be   1 for your health. And it doesn't matter where the sitting takes place — at the office, at school, in the car or before a computer or TV — just the overall number of hours it   2  .
Research is preliminary, but several studies   3 people who spend most of their days sitting are more likely to be fat, have a heart attack or even die.
In an editorial   4 this week in the British Journal of Sports Medicine, Elin Ekblom-Bak of the Swedish School of Sport and Health Sciences suggested that authorities rethink how they define   5 activity to highlight the dangers of sitting.
While health officials have issued guidelines   6 minimum amounts of physical activity, they haven't suggested people try to limit how much time they spend in a seated   7 .
"After four hours of sitting, the body starts to send   8 signals," Ekblom-Bak said. She explained that genes regulating the amount of glucoseand fat in the   9 start to shut down.
Even for people who   10  , spending long stretches of time sitting at a desk is still harmful. Tim Armstrong, a physical activity expert at the World Health Organization, said people who exercise every day —   11 still spend a lot of time sitting — might get more benefit if that exercise were spread across the day,    12 in a single bout.
That wasn't   13 news for Aytekin Can, 31, who works at a London financial company, and spends most of his days sitting    14  a computer. Several evenings a week, Can also teaches jiu jitsu, a Japanese martial art 15 wrestling, and also does Thai boxing.
"I'm sure there are some detrimental   16 of staying still for too long, but I hope that being   17 when I can helps," he said. "I wouldn't want to think the sitting could be   18 dangerous."
Still, in a study published last year that tracked more than 17,000 Canadians for about a dozen years, researchers found people who sat   19 had a higher death risk, independently of whether or not they exercised.
Figures from a US survey in 2003-2004 found Americans spend more than half their time sitting, from working at their desks to sitting in cars.
Experts said more research is needed to    20 just how much sitting is dangerous, and what might be possible to offset those effects.
(   ) 1. A. bad                    B. good               C. mean                       D. dead
(   ) 2. A. does                  B. occurs              C. matches                   D. dies
(   ) 3. A. advise                B. talk                 C. suggest                    D. say
(   ) 4. A. thrown                      B. caught              C. seen                        D. published
(   ) 5. A. biological           B. physical           C. psychological           D. logical
(   ) 6. A. commending      B. mending           C. recommending         D. communicating
(   ) 7. A. stand                B. state                C. post                 D. position
(   ) 8. A. harmful             B. careful             C. wonderful         D. skillful
(   ) 9. A. head                  B. arm                  C. body                D. foot
(   ) 10. A. sleep                B. rest                 C. walk                D. exercise
(   ) 11. A. and                  B. so                    C. but                   D. then
(   ) 12. A. rather than              B. other than        C. more than         D. less than
(   ) 13. A. bad                  B. harmful            C. disadvantage     D. welcome
(   ) 14. A. behind             B. back                C. in front of               D. forward
(   ) 15. A. referring          B. involving         C. taking              D. bringing
(   ) 16. A. effects              B. prefects           C. affects              D. offers
(   ) 17. A. inactive            B. active               C. interactive               D. positive
(   ) 18. A. such                 B. little                C. lot                  D. that
(   ) 19. A. less                  B. fewer                     C. more                D. further
(   ) 20. A. leave out          B. bring out         C. hold out           D. figure out

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Unhappy people glue（使粘牢） themselves to the television 30 percent more than happy people.
The finding, announced on Thursday,   1 from a survey of nearly 30,000 American adults conducted between 1975 and 2006 as part of the General Social Survey.
2 happy people reported watching an   3  of 19 hours of television per week, unhappy people reported 25 hours a week. The results held even after   4 into account education, income, age and marital status.
In addition, happy individuals were more socially   5 , attended more religious services, voted more and    6 a newspaper more often than their less-chipper（没有精神的） counterparts.
The researchers are not sure, though, whether unhappiness   7 more television-watching or more viewing leads to unhappiness.
In fact, people say they like watching television: Past research has shown that when people watch television they   8   it. In these studies, participants reported that on a   9 from 0 (dislike) to 10 (greatly enjoy), TV-watching was nearly an 8.
But perhaps the high from watching television doesn't  10 .
"These conflicting data 11 that TV may provide viewers with short-run   12 , but at the expense of long-term malaise(精神欠爽)," said researcher John Robinson, a sociologist at the University of Maryland, College Park.
In this case, even the happiest campers could turn into Debbie-downers if they continue to   13 at the TV. The researchers suggest that over time, television-viewing 14  push out other activities that do have more lasting   15 . Exercise and sex come to mind, as do parties and other forms of socialization known to have psychological benefits.
Or, maybe television is simply a refuge(慰藉物) for people who are already  16 .
"TV is not judgmental 17 difficult, so people with  18 social skills or resources for other activities can engage in it," Robinson and UM colleague Steven Martin write in the December issue of the journal Social Indicators Research.
They add, " 19 , chronic unhappiness can be socially and personally debilitating（使人衰弱的） and can interfere with work and most social and personal activities, but even the unhappiest people can click a remote and be passively   20 by a TV."
The researchers say follow-up studies are needed to tease out the relationship between television and happiness.
(    ) 1. A. comes                B. arrives              C. differs              D. results
(    ) 2. A. When                 B. As                    C. While               D. Therefore
(    ) 3. A. average              B. amount             C. number            D. effort
(    ) 4. A. speaking             B. talking             C. taking              D. getting
(    ) 5. A. active                 B. positive            C. crazy                D. cozy
(    ) 6. A. look                   B. read                 C. see                   D. take
(    ) 7. A. builds up            B. cuts down         C. leads to            D. tends to
(    ) 8. A. hate                   B. enjoy                      C. adopt                      D. adapt
(    ) 9. A. fashion                      B. group               C. scale                D. rate
(    ) 10. A. last                   B. decrease           C. widen               D. disappear
(    ) 11. A. report                      B. suggest             C. improve           D. admit
(    ) 12. A. excitement               B. pleasure            C. suffering          D. sadness
(    ) 13. A. glare                B. look                 C. stare                 D. fix
(    ) 14. A. should              B. must                C. could                      D. need
(    ) 15. A. comforts           B. laughter         C. pressures          D. benefits
(    ) 16. A. tired                 B. lonely              C. bored                      D. unhappy
(    ) 17. A. and                  B. neither             C. nor                  D. but
(    ) 18. A. few                  B. little                 C. many                     D. quantity
(    ) 19. A. Therefore          B. Furthermore     C. However          D. Yet
(    ) 20. A. controlled         B. transformed      C. persuaded         D. entertained

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Cutting meat production and consumption by 30 percent would help to reduce carbon emissions(排放) and improve health in the most meat-loving nations, scientists said on Wednesday.
Using prediction models, British and Australian researchers  1  that improving efficiency, increasing carbon capture and 2  fossil fuel dependence in farming would not be enough to  3   emissions targets.
But combining these steps 4  a 30 percent reduction in livestock（家畜） 5  in major meat-producing nations and a similar 6  in meat-eating, would lead to "substantial population health benefits" and cut emissions, they said.
The study found that in Britain, a 30 percent 7 intake of animal-source saturated（饱和的） fat by adults would reduce the 8  of premature（过早的） deaths from heart disease by some 17 percent -- equivalent to 18,000 premature deaths reduced in one year.
In Sao Paulo, Brazil, it could mean as 9  as 1,000 premature deaths reduced in a year, they said.
10  the United Nations Food and Agricultural Organization, 18 percent of all greenhouse gas emissions are from meat production and experts say rising 11  for meat, particularly in countries with growing economies, could 12  livestock production up by 85 percent from 2000 levels 13  2030.
The scientists said global action was needed to maximize the benefits of cutting meat production and 14 , and that the environmental 15  "may apply only in those countries that currently have high production levels."
The study was 16  in The Lancet medical journal as part of a series in climate change and health 17  the Copenhagen global climate summit scheduled next month.
In a second study, British scientists found that increased walking and cycling, and 18  cars, would have a much greater impact on health 19  low-emission vehicles in rich and middle-income countries.
Andrew Haines, director of the London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine and head of the research series, said delegates at Copenhagen needed "to understand the potential 20  impacts of their plans."
(   ) 1. A. invented             B. experimented    C. found               D. proved
(   ) 2. A. increasing          B. speeding           C. stopping           D. reducing
(   ) 3. A. meet                  B. change             C. break                      D. adapt
(   ) 4. A. by                     B. with                 C. to                    D. in
(   ) 5. A. sale                   B. eating               C. production               D. use
(   ) 6. A. cut                    B. increase            C. addition            D. consumption
(   ) 7. A. lower                 B. higher              C. more                D. less
(   ) 8. A. amount              B. number            C. quantity            D. deal
(   ) 9. A. much                 B. many                      C. few                  D. little
(   ) 10. A. According to     B. Apart from       C. As well as         D. In addition to
(   ) 11. A. resistance          B. fear                  C. demand            D. anxiety
(   ) 12. A. weaken            B. strengthen         C. drive                D. broaden
(   ) 13. A. in                    B. by                    C. from                D. after
(   ) 14. A. evaluation               B. consumption     C. process             D. store
(   ) 15. A. advantage         B. disadvantage     C. pollution          D. improvement
(   ) 16. A. written             B. claimed            C. delivered          D. published
(   ) 17. A. along with               B. from behind      C. ahead of           D. in front of
(   ) 18. A. more                B. fewer                      C. no                    . none
(   ) 19. A. then                 B. as                    C. that                  D. than
(   ) 20. A. health              B. body                C. spirit                D. emotion

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Don't blame genes for aging facial skin. A new study of twins suggests you can   1  those coarse(粗糙的) wrinkles, brown or pink spots, and dilated(膨胀的) blood vessels on too much time in the sun, smoking, and being overweight.
Because twins share genes, but may have 2 exposures to environmental factors, studying twins allows an, "opportunity to control for genetic susceptibility(敏感性)," Dr. Elma D. Baron, at Case Western Reserve School of Medicine in Cleveland, Ohio, and colleagues 3 in the latest issue of Archives of Dermatology.
Their analysis of environmental skin-damaging factors in 65 pairs of twins hints that skin aging is 4 more to environment and lifestyle than 5  factors.
But when it   6  skin cancer, the researchers say their findings support previous reports that   7 environment and genes affect skin cancer risk.
Baron's team   8  facial skin of 130 twins, 18 to 77 years old, who lived 9  in the northern Midwest and Eastern regions of the U.S. who were 10  the Twins Days Festival in Ohio in August 2002.
At this time, each of the twins also 11   reported how their skin burned or tanned 12   sunscreen(防晒霜), their weight, and their history of skin cancer, smoking, and alcohol drinking.
The study group   13  of 52 fraternal and 10 identical twin pairs, plus 3 pairs who were unsure of their twin status. Identical(同卵的) twins share all of their genes and fraternal twins share only about half.
From these data, the researchers 14 strong ties, outside of twin status, between smoking, older age, and being overweight, and having facial skin with evidence of environmental 15
16  contrast, sunscreen use and drinking alcohol appeared correlated with   17   skin damage.
Baron and colleagues say the current findings, which highlight ties between facial   18 and potentially avoidable 19  factors -- such as smoking, being overweight, and   20  overexposure to the sun's damaging rays -- may help motivate people to minimize these risky behaviors.
(    ) 1. A. blame                     B. owe                 C. take                 D. bring
(    ) 2. A. same                       B. different           C. similar             D. common
(    ) 3. A. explain                    B. confirm            C. declare             D. shout
(    ) 4. A. equal                             B. related              C. close                D. strict
(    ) 5. A. characteristic           B. personal           C. natural             D. genetic
(    ) 6. A. comes to                 B. talks of             C. refers to           D. gets to
(    ) 7. A. all                          B. neither             C. both                 D. either
(    ) 8. A. examined                B. checked            C. inspected          D. interviewed
(    ) 9. A. most                       B. usually             C. mostly              D. always
(    ) 10. A. joining                  B. representing      C. attending          D. remarking
(    ) 11. A. separately              B. lonely              C. commonly               D. truly
(    ) 12. A. with                             B. on                    C. in                    D. without
(    ) 13. A. consisted                      B. made up         C. contained        D. included
(    ) 14. A. documented           B. recorded           C. reported           D. noted
(    ) 15. A. damage                 B. exploration       C. protection         D. material
(    ) 16. A. In                         B. By                   C. As                    D. At
(    ) 17. A. lesser                    B. more                C. no                    D. fewer
(    ) 18. A. look                             B. aging                      C. expression               D. wrinkle
(    ) 19. A. environmental               B. genetic             C. emotional         D. psychological
(    ) 20. A. protected                      B. planned            C. unprotected       D. prevented

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