Here below are two pieces taken from a blog．
▲ Growing up as one of three girls I’ve always been keen on women’s issues．And now with three daughters to raise，I have the responsibility of ensuring that they grow up without any preconceived(预想的) ideas of their capabilities ＆ potential based on their gender．Earlier this year I read an article that indicated that women surpassed men in the workforce for the first time in history．That is a milestone! And while we still don’t have equality in leadership positions or pay (especially if you’re a mom)，we have made significant progress over the past couple of decades．All this prompted me to do some digging around to see what else I could learn．Here are some fun facts from the census bureau for you：
●29％ of women aged 25 or older had obtained a bachelors degree in 2008 vs．18％ in 1987．
●55％ of all college students were women in the Fall of 2008．
●60％ of women 20 years or older participate in the workforce today vs．34％ in 1950．
●14％ of the armed forces were women in 2008．compared to 2％ in 1950．
▲We’re all looking to stretch the value of our dollar as much as possible．Every day as you juggle the needs of your family，remember to eat right，take your vitamins and keep up with laundry and bills－you probably also look for budget friendly，family appropriate activities．A day trip to a national park is a great way to explore all the wonders of nature，without breaking the bank．Once or twice a month，my wife and I will prepare for a leisurely hike in one of our favorite parks close to home．The night before，she makes some homemade granola and I make sure our reusable water bottles are full and on ice．Next time you’re looking for an inexpensive adventure that your family isn’t soon to forget，take a hike! To find a national park near you，just visit www．nps．gov
43．According to the first blog，__________．
A．the blogger has three sisters
B．there are more women than men at work this year
C．14％ of women are working in the army
D．women has got equality in leadership position
44．What is mainly talked about in the first blog?
A．Responsibility． B．Women’s potential．
C．Workforce． D．Women’s issues．
45．The underlined words“breaking the bank”in the second blog means__________．
A．robbing the bank B．getting some money from the bank
C．using up the money in the bank D．going to the bank
46．What’s the writer’s suggestion in the second blog?
A．We all have to think about the needs of our family．
B．All the wonders of nature are in the national park．
C．To go hiking once or twice a month will be an inexpensive adventure．
D．Each of us will have to make our budget friendly．
In recent years many countries have been faced with the problem of how to make their workers more productive. Some experts believe that the answer is to make jobs more varied. Do more variedjobs lead to greater productivity? There is something to suggest thatwhile variety certainly makes the worker's life more enjoyable, itdoes not make him work harder. So variety is not important.
Other experts feel that giving the worker freedom to do his jobin his own way is important and there is no doubt that this is true. The problem is that this kind of freedom cannot easily be given inthe modern factory with its complicated machinery which must beused in a fixed way. Thus while freedom of choice may be important, there is very little that can be done to achieve this.
Another important consideration is how much each worker contributes to the product he is making. In most factories the workersees only one small part of the product. Some car factories are saidto be experimenting with having many small production lines ratherthan a large one, so that each worker contributes more to the production of the cars on his line. It would seem then that the degree ofworkers' contribution is important.
To what extent does more money lead to greater productivity?The workers themselves certainly think this is important, but perhaps they want more money only because the work they do is soboring. Money just lets them enjoy their spare time more. A similarargument may explain demands for shorter working hours. Perhaps ifcompanies succeed in making workers' jobs more interesting, theywill neither want more money, nor will shorter working hours be soimportant to them. Which of the following things will not increase productivity?
| A．Making jobs more varied. |
| B．Giving workers freedom to do their jobs in their own way. |
| C．Increasing workers' contribution to production. |
| D．Longer working hours. |
The last sentence in this passage means that if companiesmanage to make workers, jobs more interesting, __________.
| A．they will want more money |
| B．they will demand shorter working hours |
| C．more money and shorter working hours are important |
| D．more money and shorter working hours will not be so important to them |
In this passage, the writer tells us __________.
| A．how to make workers more productive |
| B．possible factors leading to greater productivity |
| C．more money leads to greater productivity |
| D．how to make workers' jobs more interesting |
The writer of this passage is probably a __________.
A. teacher B. worker
C. manager D, physicist
Do you know about a series of books that say they are fordummies? These American self-help books have been translated intomore than thirty-nine languages including Chinese, Arabic, Russian, French, German, Greek and Spanish.
“Dummy " is a word for a stupid person. The dummy books arenot really for stupid people. They are designed to show people howto do something they may never have tried before, like painting ahouse or learning a language. The books all say in a funny way thatthey are for dummies, such as World History for Dummies, Rabbitsfor Dummies, Chinese Cooking for Dummies, and Wedding Planningfor Dummies. The first such book, DOS for Dummies, was publishedin 1991. It helped people learn how to use the DOS operating system for computers. Since then, more than one hundred and fiftymillion dummy books have been sold.
The dummies, com website explains the idea behind the books. It says that they show that people can be taught to do anything. Firstthey can make fun of ideas that are difficult to understand. Thenthey show how the information can be interesting and easy. Thepublishers say that the books do not provide more information thannecessary. They give readers just enough information to do whatthey want. They say that the dummy books give the best and easiestway to do something. And the books use simple and easy language.
There are more than one thousand different dummy books. Areport in New York Times says that the top-selling dummy books arethose that explain technology and personal finance.
The publishers say that the best-selling dummy books are thoseproviding information many people need—like information aboutdiseases, education and cooking. People interested in opera, car re-pair and wine can also find dummy books to help them. And thereare even more dummy books to come. The publishers say that theypublish about two hundred new dummy books every year. Which of the following can be the best title of the passage?
| A．Books for Dummies |
| B．The Easiest, the Best |
| C．Books for Stupid People |
| D．New Ideas behind the Books |
According to the dummies, com website, people can __________ withthe help of dummy books.
| A．do some personal things |
| B．learn any foreign language |
| C．become expert in cooking |
| D．do anything they want |
The dummy books have been popular because __________.
| A．they provide just what is needed and are easy to understand |
| B．they provide abundant information on the concerning subject |
| C．people can learn to do anything with just one copy |
| D．people can save lots of money through self-teaching |
According to New York Times, we know that books on __________ sell best.
| A．diseases and education |
| B．opera and car repairing |
| C．technology and personal finance |
| D．cooking and world history |
EVERYBODY in this world is different from one another. Butdo you know that understanding differences can help you bettermanage your money?
As we grow up, we gradually develop a set of our own values orbeliefs. These are influenced by society, our family, the educationwe receive and so on. Once this value system is set up, it's not easyto change later in life.
Financial experts say that everyone also has their own belief ofhow to manage their finances. This is part of our value system and ithas a great impact on the way we look after our money.
According to our different values, experts put us in three categories. They are:the ant, the cricket and the snail. The ant—works first
Just like ants who work heart and soul in summer in order tostore food for winter, these people don't care about enjoying the moment. They work very hard and save money they earn so that theycan enjoy life when they get old and retired, The ant loves to savebut they could make more out of their money if they were willing toinvest in some funds and stocks with low risk. The cricket——fun first
The cricket wants to enjoy everything now and doesn't think toomuch about the future. They even borrow money when they really wantsomething. Many young people now belong to this group. These peoplehave little savings. When they get old, they might have problems. They should learn to save and buy insurance. The snail—lives under pressure
The snail refers to people who make life difficult for them-selves. They take big long-term loans from the bank in order to buythings such as luxury houses. They are happy to take big loans eventhough they are not sure whether they can afford it. This can causeproblems in the future. They should plan more carefully. People with character of the snail would like to __________.
| A．enjoy life at the moment without thinking much about the future |
| B．put work before everything else |
| C．live a luxury life at all costs |
| D．take the risk of investing a large sum of money |
Our beliefs and values are affected by the following except __________.
| A．society | B．our family |
| C．education | D．money |
This passage mainly talks about __________.
| A．the spending nature of people |
| B．the relation between man and insects |
| C．the insects in nature |
| D．the problems with dealing with money |
Which of the following has the character that the author prefers?
| A．The ant. | B．The cricket. |
| C．The snail. | D．None of the above. |
Chile is a country of southwest South America with a longPacific coastline. Santiago is the capital and the largest city. Thepopulation of the country is about 11，329，736.
A long time ago, Chile belonged to Spain, a European country, because it was colonized by Spain in 1541，Many of Chileans, how-ever, did not want to be ruled by Spain.
Led by Bernardo O'Higgins, some of them formed a smallarmy. They attacked the Spanish soldiers at different times and different places.
This made the King of Spain very angry. He sent more soldiersto Chile to deal with them.
Although there were far more Spanish soldiers than freedomfighters, they refused to surrender and fought bravely.
At last, however, in 1814，they were forced to retreat to thetown of Rancagua near Santiago. There, O'Higgins and his men weresurrounded by the Spanish army and O'Higgins was wounded by anenemy bullet.
It seemed as if their fight for freedom were over. But O'Higginsrefused to surrender. Even though he was wounded, he ordered hismen to collect as many mules, cows, sheep and dogs as possible. Shouting at the top of his voice, he rode into the animals. Frightened, they began to run. They ran straight at the Spanishsoldiers. Now it was the Spaniards' turn to be frightened. Theyturned and run away from the animals as fast as they could, allowingO'Higgins and his men to escape to the mountains.
There he built up his army, and in 1818 he defeated the Spanish and the country declared its independence. He then became thefirst president of the new, free nation in the same year. The first paragraph is written mainly to __________.
| A．show the location of Chile |
| B．offer supporting details |
| C．stress the importance of capital |
| D．give a general introduction and lead to the topic |
According to the passage, Spanish governed Chile for about __________ years.
| A．1541 | B．273 |
| C．277 | D．400 |
Which description about Chile is NOT right?
| A．Spain ruled Chile at one time. |
| B．Chile borders on the Pacific. |
| C．Chile lies in the southwest of South America. |
| D．Chile is one colony which belongs to Spain. |
We can infer from the passage that __________.
| A．Bernardo O'Higgins became the first president of the new Chile |
| B．Bernardo O'Higgins was not only brave but also intelligent |
| C．Bernardo O'Higgins was good at raising animals |
| D．Rancagua is far from Santiago |
What doesn't happened in 1818?
| A．O'Higgins broke through the enemy by using terrible animals. |
| B．Eventually, O'Higgins defeated the Spanish army, |
| C．Chile broke away from the rule of the King of Spain. |
| D．O'Higgins turned the first president of the free country. |
More than three billion people are at risk from indoor air pollution because of the heating or cooking fuels they use. Most live inAfrica, India and China. They use wood, crop waste, animal waste orcoal. These solid fuels may be the least costly fuels available. Butthey are also a major cause of health problems and death.
The Aprovecho Research Center has been designing cookingstoves for the developing world. People having less money use woodor biomass for cooking; the richer people use oil and gas. It's estimated that wood is running out more quickly than oil and gas.
The group has made stoves using mud, bricks, sheet metal, clay, ceramics and old oil drums. Most of the stoves look like large, deep cooking pots. They have an opening at the bottom for the fireand a place on top to put a pot.
In the late 1970s, Aprovecho produced a popular stove calledthe Lorena. The Lorena was good at reducing smoke and warminghomes. But new tests years later found that it was not efficient. Theused twice as much wood as an open fire, and took muchlonger to heat food. Since then, they have experimented with count-less other designs.
Their goal is to make an inexpensive stove—let's say fivedollars— that makes little smoke, and it's safe for health and reducesglobal warming and deforestation(采伐森林).
Aprovecho has now partnered with a stove manufacturer inChina. The company is making Aprovecho's first mass producedstoves. They are said to use 40% - 50% less wood than an openfire, and produce 50% -70% less smoke. A company called Stove-Tec is selling them through its Web site for less than ten dollars. Dean Still says that more than one hundred thousand have been soldso far. The underlined word " biomass " ，in Paragraph 2 refers to __________
| A．oil and gas | B．wood |
| C．coal | D．crop waste or animal waste |
The following sentence is taken from the passage, it is probablyplaced at the end of __________.
A World Health Organization estimate that over 1,500,000 people a year die from breathing smoke from solid fuels.
| A．Paragraph 1 | B．Paragraph 2 |
| C．Paragraph 3 | D．Paragraph 4 |
Which information about the Lorena mentioned in Paragraph 4is WRONG?
| A．It was a popular stove which began to produce in 1970. |
| B．It was able to be used to bring down smoke. |
| C．It was good at heating houses. |
| D．It turned to consume more fuel later. |
Stoves the Aprovecho Research Center has been designingshould have the following characteristics ：__________.
（1）enormous （2）costly （3）efficient (4)low-carbon (5)cleaner
| A．1. 2. 4 | B．3. 4. 5. |
| C．2. 3. 5. | D．1. 3. 4. |
You can probably read the passage in a magazine about __________
A climate change
B. financial crisis
C. an environmentally-friendly life
D. commercial advertisement
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