D
Is a recently discovered hormone the reason why folks who lose weight can’t keep it off?
Like millions of other fat people, at 530 inches high, more than 300 pounds, Carnie Wilson was not just fat. After trying all sort of diets that didn’t work,
she has to go to the stomach – bypass surgery (胃部迂回手术), ie, have most of her stomach sewed up, only leaving tiny room to hold several tablespoonfuls at most. Result: she simply couldn’t eat the way she used to. In three years, Wilson is one third of her former weight.
Wilson’s experience is not all that unusual, and while doctors still aren’t exactly sure what is going on, a report in last week’s Journal of Medicine offers an explanation. The loss of appetite in bypass patients may be linked to a recently discovered hormone called ghrelin. Not only that, ghrelin may turn out to be one reason we feel hungry and it’s hare for didters to keep weight off.
Nowadays, researchers are careful to stress only what they know for sure. For the three conclusions, the leading Dr. David of the University of Washington says, “I feel very solid about two of them.” The first is that ghrelin levels in the bloodstream rise significantly before meals and drop afterward. The second conclusion is that ghrelin levels are higher on average in people who have lost weight from dieting.
Dr. David is less sure of the third conclusion, that bypass patients have only a quarter as much ghrelin as most people of normal weight. After all, ghrelin is produced by cells in the stomach. Years ago, leptin, a hormone was found as an appetite suppressant (食物抑制剂). But after years of trying, it had to be given up.
What doctor
s suspect is that both leptin and ghrelin are part of a complex system of brain and body chemicals that govern weight and appetite. That does not mena pharmaceutical (药物的) weight control is forever out of the question. “In the next ten years, we will be able to develop new drugs to help people lose weight healthily and effectively.”
47．What can we learn about ghrelin according to the passage?
A．After meals ghrelin levels are higher in the bloodstream.
B．People who have lost weight have less ghreilin in their body.
C．Without ghrelin, people are really difficult to lose weight.
D．Ghrelin is something produced by cells in the stomach.
48．What is Dr. David not sure?
A．pharmaceutical weight control is impossible.
B．There is less ghrelin in the bypass patients.
C．new drugs will be developed in 10 years.
D．ghrelin levels are higher in people on diet.
49．In fact, people’s weight and appetite are controlled by
A．ghrelin and leptin B．hormone and medicine
C．brain and body chemicals D．stomach and food
50．What can we infer from the passage?
A．People with a lower ghrelin level go hungry easily.
B．Doctors managed to use leption to control the appetite.
C．Doctors are optimistic about how to lose weight healthily.
D．The loss of appetite in bypass aptient is linked to leptin
阅读短文,根据所读内容, 在下表中的空格处填上适当的单词或短语, 每空不超过3个单词。
Cloning has caused much debate..On the one hand , some scientists think valuable tissues and organs can be used to save human lives .On the other hand , some fear that mankind may produce a monster .
Carter: I believe that human cloning is totally immoral . If we interfere with nature, we will have to deal with the consequences .Who knows what could happen? We could produce a monster .Human life would no longer be unique .Human race is using up Earth’s resources . Surely we should be having fewer babies in order to reduce Earth’s population , not cloning more .I feel sorry for ladies who cannot have babies ,but there are many children with no parents ,who would be delighted to have new parents . Ladies who cannot have babies can adopt children with no parents
Jake :I think cloning is fantastic. It is a great scientific advance. After all ,scientists have been challenging questions of morality for centuries .On a personal note ,cloning will change my life .My daughter died of heart failure 7 years ago .I miss her very much and hope to clone a new daughter to be with me .That would be nice. .
| Cloning has |
|
sides |
Some scientists think valuable tissues and organs can be used to I believe that human cloning is |
| If we |
|
| Human is |
|
sides |
I think cloning is wonderful |
| It is a great |
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| Personally, I want to have a cloned girl. |
根据上下文,在每个空格处填入一个适当的单词,使文章意思通顺、前后连贯、结构完整。
Nowadays, with the development of science and technology, cloning has become a hot topic for many people. Some people are against it ,while others are in favour it. Personally, I wouldlike to say that cloning is good
the human race.
, cloning technology proves helpful for genetics researchers. With cloning technology, scientists
bring some animals that are extinct back to life. Secondly, cloning body parts can serve as a lifesaver for people
are seriously ill. When a body organ such as a kidney or heart fails to function, it may be possible to replace it
a cloned one. Thirdly, if a couple can’t have
child, human cloning technology will make it possible for them to have a child. All in all, I firmly believe that cloning is beneficial
the human race.
阅读下面短文，根据以下要求：（1）括号内汉语提示；（2）该词首字母提示；（3） 上下文语境提示，在每个空格内填入一个适当的英语单词使短文通顺，所填单词要求拼写正确、形式符合英语表达习惯。
Many people always wonder w__ some people can be so 76.____________
successful while ________(其他人) can’t. 77 .____________
For those who are successful, they have a lot in c________. 78.____________
First, they are all hard-working and willing to d______ their 79.____________
time to something they like. They make f______ use of each day 80.____________
and never make ________(借口) for their laziness. 81.___________
Second, they are very creative and they are n_____ limited by 82.___________
fixed rules.
Finally, these people never ______ hope even if they live a 83.___________
poor life and they rarely spend time complaining about their
lives. Instead, they try their ______ to arrive at a solution, 84.___________
_________(创造) the opportunity to turn something bad into 85.___________
good.
All the above characteristics contribute to their success.
As time went by, Charlie Chaplin began __79____ films. He grew more and more ___80____ as his charming character, the little tramp, became known __81_________ the world, The tramp, a poor, _____82____ man with a moustache, ___83___ (wear) large trousers, worn-out shoes and a small round___84__ .He walked around stiffly ____85___ (carry) a walking stick. This character was a social failure ____86__ was loved for his optimism and determination to ___87_______ all difficulties. He was the underdog __88____ was kind even when others were unkind to him.
根据中文提示补全句子（每题1分， 共计10分）After ___________ _______ the college, I worked in the school.(毕业于)
I was ______________ _____ become a famous writer.(决心)
What’s your __________ _________ this idea?(对……的态度)
He won’t __________ ______ _______ the enemies.(向……屈服)
Miller is a ___________ man and I think you can rely on him.(可信赖的)
His mother was __________ _____ hear the news.(震惊)
They _________ ___________ ______ the burning building
yesterday.(被困在…中)The suffering of the people was ______________.(极度的)
___________ from his look, he doesn’t think much of the plan.(判断)
I can’t ____________ how greatful I am to you .(表达)
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