ㅤLiving in Iowa and trying to become a photographer specializing in landscape（风景） can be quite a challenge ，mainly because the corn state lacks geographical variation.
ㅤAlthough landscapes in the Midwest tend to be quite similar，either farm fields or highway，sometimes I find distinctive character in the hills or lakes.To make some of my landscape shots，I have traveled up to four hours away to shoot within a 10﹣minute time frame.I tend to travel with a few of my friends to state parks or to the countryside to go on adventures and take photos along the way.
ㅤBeing at the right place at the right time is decisive in any style of photography.I often leave early to seek the right destinations so I can set up early to avoid missing the moment I am attempting to photograph. I have missed plenty of beautiful sunsets/sunrises due to being on the spot only five minutes before the best moment.
ㅤOne time my friends and I drove three hours to Devil's Lake，Wisconsin，to climb the purple quartz（石英）rock around the lake.After we found a crazy﹣looking road that hung over a bunch of rocks，we decided to photograph the scene at sunset.The position enabled us to look over the lake with the sunset in the background.We managed to leave this spot to climb higher because of the spare time until sunset.However，we did not mark the route（路线）so we ended up almost missing the sunset entirely.Once we found the place，it was stressful getting lights and cameras set up in the limited time.Still，looking back on the photos，they are some of my best shots though they could have been so much better if I would have been prepared and managed my time wisely.
（1）How does the author deal with the challenge as a landscape photographer in the Midwest？＿＿＿＿＿
| A． |
By teaming up with other photographers. |
| B． |
By shooting in the countryside or state parks. |
| C． |
By studying the geographical conditions. |
| D． |
By creating settings in the corn fields. |
（2）What is the key to successful landscape photography according to the author？ ＿＿＿＿＿
| A． |
Proper time management. |
| B． |
Good shooting techniques. |
| C． |
Adventurous spirit. |
| D． |
Distinctive styles. |
（3）What can we infer from the author's trip with friends to Devil's Lake？ ＿＿＿＿＿
| A． |
They went crazy with the purple quartz rock. |
| B． |
They felt stressed while waiting for the sunset. |
| C． |
They reached the shooting spot later than expected. |
| D． |
They had problems with their equipment. |
（4）How does the author find his photos taken at Devil's Lake？ ＿＿＿＿＿
| A． |
Amusing. |
| B． |
Satisfying. |
| C． |
Encouraging. |
| D． |
Comforting. |
Zoos divide opinion: there are those who think it is cruel to keep animals locked up while others believe zoos are essential for the survival of endangered species.
To argue that zoos imprison animals is to misunderstand what zoos are about. Without zoos many of the creatures we love and admire would no longer exist. Every single day, over one hundred animal species vanish. Scientists predict that as early as 2050 one quarter of the Earth’s species will become extinct.
Some animals are in danger because they are hunted. Alarmingly the population of tigers has already fallen by ninety-five percent. Other species are in danger because of a lack of food. For example, there are fewer than 1300 giant pandas left in the wild.
Zoos have special breeding programmes to help those animals at risk. These breeding programmes are proving extremely successful. As Irene Shapiro from Zoo and Wildlife Support says, “the Puerto Rican Parrot has grown in numbers from just thirteen to about eighty-five and the Golden Lion Tamarin Monkey, which has almost ceased to exist twenty years ago, has been reintroduced back into the wild.”
Unfortunately not everyone understands this important role zoos play. For example, Brian Featherstone from the Anti-Zoo Forum says, “I can’t believe we take animals from the wild and put them in cages for the entertainment of the public! We should view them on film or TV in their natural environment.”
However, this misses the point. A zoo does more than display animals to the public. It ensures their survival. Without zoos you would not be able to see many of these animals on TV or anywhere else!What’s the writer’s attitude towards zoos?
| A．He shows no opinion either for or against them. |
| B．He thinks that they are unnecessary and cruel. |
| C．He believes they play an important environmental role. |
| D．He expresses a desire that more of them be built. |
The underlined word “vanish” in Paragraph 2 most probably means _____.
| A．remain | B．disappear |
| C．become rarer | D．get killed |
According to the passage the world’s tiger population _____.
| A．will rise by 5% next year |
| B．is relatively stable |
| C．is 95% smaller than in the past |
| D．has fallen to 95% |
According to the passage some people do not agree with zoos because they _____.
| A．are too expensive to run | B．put animals in danger |
| C．do not provide enough food | D．keep animals locked up |
According to the writer, the most important function of the zoo is to _____.
| A．make a lot of money | B．entertain visitors |
| C．ensure animals’ survival | D．educate the public |
You wake up in the morning, the day is beautiful and the plans for the day are what you have been looking forward to for a long time. Then the telephone rings, you say hello, and the play starts. The person on the other end has a sad tone in his voice as he starts to tell you how terrible his morning is and that there is nothing to look forward to. Yon are still in a wonderful mood(心情)? Impossible!
Communicating with negative people can wash out your happiness. It may not change what you think, but communicating long enough with them will make you feel unhappy for a moment or a long time.
Life brings ups and downs, but some people are trapped in the wrong idea that life has no happiness to offer. They only feel glad when they make others feel bad. It is not strange that they can hardly win others’ pity or respect.
When you communicate with happy people，you will stay happy. When the knife of a negative person is put in you, you feel the heavy feeling that, all in all, brings you down.
Sometimes we have no choice but to communicate with negative people. This could be a co-worker, or relative. In this situation, say what needs to be said as little as possible. Sometimes it feels good to let out your anger back to the negative person，but all this cannot reduce your bad feelings and they won’t feel ashamed(羞愧) of themselves about that.
Unhappiness often influences happiness without even being realized. The depressing(令人沮丧的) words of another at the start of the day can be with you throughout the rest of your day，which makes you feel bad and steals your happiness. Life is too short to feel unhappy.
| A．make a comparison(比较) | B．offer an evidence(证据) |
| C．introduce a topic | D．describe a daily scene |
| A．By influencing our feelings. |
| B．By telling people the nature of life. |
| C．By changing our way of thinking. |
| D．By comparing their attitude to life with ours. |
| A．other people’s pity for them | B．making other people unhappy |
| C．holding an active attitude | D．other people’s respect for them |
| A．to change negative people’s attitude to life |
| B．to show our dislike to negative people |
| C．to make negative people feel ashamed of themselves |
| D．to communicate with negative people as little as possible |
Basic Study Manual(Hard cover):$37.50
Future success depends on the ability to learn. Here are the answers to the questions most often asked by students. Read the book and learn:
*What the three barriers(障碍) to study are and what to do about them.
*What to do if you get tired of a subject you are studying.
*Twenty-six simple drills to help you learn how to study easily, rapidly and with full understanding. Buy and read the Basic Study Manual and use it to dramatically improve your ability to study.
Study Skills for Life(Hard cover): ＄31.99
L. Ron Hubbard’s study technology for teenagers opens the door to their future success by giving them advice on how to study and learn. Fully illustrated(插图)for easy comprehension.
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The basics of effective study for 8 to 12-year-olds, fully illustrated. Children who read and apply the materials in this book can regain the liking for study. Get this book for a child you want to see win at his studies!
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In spite of billions of dollars spent on “educational research”, children are not taught the most basic skills of learning: how to use a dictionary. Written for children 8 to 12 years old, this fully illustrated book will teach your children:
*How to find words in a dictionary.
*The different ways that words are used.
*How to use a dictionary to correctly pronounce words.
At last, you’ll just pay 50% for these books before January 1,2015.
| A．Teachers | B．Children | C．Adults | D．Parents |
| A．Basic Study Manual |
| B．Study Skills for Life |
| C．Learning How to Learn |
| D．How to Use a Dictionary Picture Book for Children |
| A．$91.88 | B．$129.38 | C．$46 | D．$156.98 |
| A．introduce new books to readers |
| B．guide readers to choose books |
| C．encourage people to buy the books |
| D．contribute these books to those who are interested in them |
Saving money is easy when you don’t have anything to spend it on, but what happens when things come suddenly that demand some of your hard-earned money? These are called expenses (开销).
Chances are, most of your basic living expenses — food, shelter, clothing, medical care — are covered by your family. But perhaps you and your family have agreed that you’ll pay for certain other expenses out of your own money, such as cell phone bills, after-school snacks, jewelry, or club fees (费用).
Expenses that happen regularly, like every week or month, are called “fixed” expenses. The good news is that because you know when these expenses are coming, you can plan for them. But life is full of surprises, and sometimes these surprises turn into expenses, too. You might have an emergency like fixing a flat tire on your bike, or something unusual like the class trip to Six Flags. These are called “unexpected” expenses and if you are smart with your money, you’ll plan for these as well.
Here’s a secret when it comes to saving money: if you think of it as a regular expense, it’ll be easier to put a certain amount aside. Tell yourself that the $20.00 you are trying to save up every month is something you must do, and there’s no getting around it.
What kinds of fixed expenses do you have? Can you think of any unexpected expenses that have come up for you in the past? Can you think of any you might have now or in the near future?
| A．Money spent on medicine. | B．Money spent on clothing. |
| C．Money spent on sports. | D．Money spent on meals. |
| A．Changing a new tire. | B．House rent. |
| C．Buying snacks. | D．Paying for cell phone bill. |
| A．Trying your best to prevent emergencies. |
| B．Earning as much as you can after class. |
| C．Cutting most of your expenses. |
| D．Putting some money aside as a regular expense. |
| A．you can’t let out this secret |
| B．there is no other choice |
| C．you have other solutions to it |
| D．there’s no point in arguing about it |
I was very disappointed not to be able to go to the jazz concert last Friday. The advertisement in the paper said that you could buy tickets at the theatre box in Richland Hills any day between 10:00 and 4:00. Since I work from 9:00 to 5:30, the only time I could go to the theatre was during my 45-minute lunch break. Unfortunately, the theatre is on the other side of the town, and the bus service between my office and Richland Hills is not very good. But if you are lucky, you can make the round trip in 45 minutes.
Last Monday, I stood at the bus stop for fifteen minutes waiting for the bus. By the time I saw one come around the corner, there was not enough time left to make the trip. So I gave up and went back to the office. The same thing happened on Tuesday, and again the next day. On Thursday, my luck changed. I got on a bus right away and arrived at the theatre in exactly twenty minutes.
When I got there, however, I found a long line of people at the office. I heard one man say he had been waiting in line for over an hour. Realizing I would not have enough time to wait in line, I caught the next bus and headed back across the town. By Friday I realized my only hope was to make the trip by taxi. It was expensive, but I felt it would be worth it to hear the concert. The trip by taxi only took 10 minutes, but it felt like an hour to me. When I got to the theatre, I was relieved to see that nobody was waiting in line. The reason, however, I quickly discovered, was that they had already sold all the tickets.
| A．once | B．twice |
| C．three times | D．four times |
| A．forty-five minutes | B．ten minutes |
| C．just twenty minutes | D．over an hour |
| A．pleased | B．sorry | C．puzzled | D．surprised |
| A．complaints of the public transportation (交通) |
| B．anger for buying the ticket |
| C．efforts to buy the ticket |
| D．disappointment at the concert |
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