阅读下列短文，从各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
Nightingale was the world’s first great nurse. She was born in a rich family in 1820, in Florence, Italy. She could have lived an easy, comfortable life. But instead, she chose to work hard and care for the sick. Because she is one of the world’s greatest nurses, every year on her birthday, May 12, people celebrate International Nurses’ Day to remember the love and help that she gave to so many people.
When she was 24, she told her parents she wanted to be a nurse. But they didn’t like the idea. The family had lots of money, so they thought it would be better if she didn’t work. Nurses were not very well respected at that time. But Nightingale went on with her dream. She went to Germany to learn to be a nurse. There were no nursing schools at that time. She had to learn by practising. During a war in 1854, Nightingale and a team of 38 nurses from England went to care for soldiers near Turkey. She made the hospitals much cleaner there. At night, she would look after the soldiers. She carried a lamp(灯) with her, and soldiers began to call her “The Lady with the Lamp”. In 1860, after the war, Nightingale opened the first nursing school. She also worked to make hospitals better and make rules for nurses. She died in 1910 in London, England at the age of 90. Nightingale’s birthday became International Nurses’ Day in 1974.
（1）Nightingale was ________.
| A． |
an American |
B． |
a Canadian |
C． |
an Italian |
D． |
a German |
（2）When did Nightingale begin to want to be a nurse?
| A． |
At the age of 24. |
B． |
When she was still a little girl. |
| C． |
Since she was born. |
D． |
After she went to England. |
（3）What problems did Nightingale have before 1854?
| A． |
Her parents didn’t want her to be a nurse. |
B． |
There were no nursing schools at that time. |
C． |
|
| D． |
She didn’t have enough money. |
E． |
Both A and |
F． |
（4）When did Nightingale’s birthday become International Nurse’ Day?
| A． |
In 1820. |
B． |
In 1854. |
C． |
In 1860. |
D． |
In 1974. |
（5）What did the soldiers mean by calling Nightingale “The Lady with the Lamp”?
| A． |
She sold lamps. |
B． |
She could bring hope to others. |
| C． |
She lent lamps to others. |
D． |
She loved the lamp. |
"Uncle Sam," is usually used to refer to the United States or the US government. It is the nickname of the country.It is hard to believe that this nickname became known quite by accident and there was a man 75 "Uncle Sam."However,not many people have ever heard of such a man.Not even most young Americans.
The man was called Uncle Sam Wilson.He was born in Arlington,Massachusetts, September 13, 1776. At the age of 14 Sam joined the American Revolutionary War(美国革命）, and 76 in the army under George Washington until the end of the war.He then moved to Troy, New York states, and began a meatpacking business. He earned a reputation（赢得了声誉）for being honest and hardworking. He was locally respected and admired, thus greeted as Uncle Sam.
One day in 1812,a group of visitors came to Sam's meatpacking plant(肉类加工厂）.Among them was Government official. He 77 the capitalized letters(大写字母） EAUS on the packages of meat and asked what they stood for. A worker man replied that EA stood for Elbert Anderson,the businessman for whom Sam was working.And he added 78 that US(actually it was the short form for United States) stood for Uncle Sam Wilson. Soon soldiers were saying all army supplies were from "Uncle Sam".
In May 1813,this story appeared in a newspaper published in New York.Since Uncle Sam was an example of a hard-working man and a lover of America, the idea of"Uncle Sam" as the name of this kind of man became well-known rapidly.Uncle Sam was ready to help 79 and place the interest of the nation(国家利益）above all---this is in line with (与……符合）the American spirit. This makes the American consider Uncle Sam 80 the symbol of the USA.In 1961 the US Congress made a decision that "Uncle Sam" is the America's national symbol.
| A．was | B．named | C．asked | D．was called |
| A．served | B．stayed | C．joined | D．entered |
| A．saw | B．observed | C．studied | D．noticed |
| A．Surprisingly | B．seriously | C．jokingly | D．carefully |
| A．other | B．others | C．everyone | D．another |
| A．to | B．for | C．like | D．as |
Pubs are an important part of British life. Pubs, formally public houses, are common in towns and villages in England.People usually talk,eat, drink,meet their friends and relax there.You can order soft drinks like orange juice,cola or coffee ,but many people go to pubs to have an alcoholic drink.Many types of alcoholic drinks are available, but the most popular drink is beer.
Traditional English beer comes in a variety of local flavors and is called ‘draught’beer .All draught beer is served from a hand pump on the bar rather than in bottles or cans. Unlike American or other European beers, it is served cool but not cold.Nowadays,a lot of English people enjoy a European beers called lager（淡味啤酒）.This is lighter, more refreshing(清新的) and is served cold. Beer is sold in pint or half-pint glasses (a pint is just over half a litre).When you order a drink, ask for a ‘pint’ or a ‘half’ of the beer you want to try.
There is no waiter service in an English pub.You go to the bar and place your order to the pub staff. They will pour your drinks and pass them to you. They will then tell you how much to pay.You have to pay your drinks there and then. After receiving your change,you can carry your drinks back to a table to enjoy. It is usual for friends to take turns buying drinks for each other.This is known as’buying a round’.
Pubs sell cheap food too.The choice of food ranges(涉及) from small bar snacks such as crisps and peanuts ,to three-course meals.A popular meal during the summer months is a ‘ploughman’s lunch ’.This is a dish of bread ,cheese or ham ,and salad which is served cold.You will often find a pub’s menu written on a blackboard .There may even be daily specials for you to try.
You must be at least 18 years old to buy alcohol(含酒精的饮料)in England. Children under 14 years old are not usually allowed inside a pub, but families with children can sit outside in the garden, known as the beer garden ,when the weather is warm .Parents are allowed to buy soft drinks for their children.
Pubs are places where people go to enjoy themselves .People like to drink, eat ,talk with friends and have a good time.If you go to an English pub ,you will get a true taste of English life.
| A．served slightly cold | B．served in pint glasses only |
| C．Served by waiters | D．called lager |
| A．are called waiters | B．expect you to tip them |
| C．pour your drinks before you pay | D．pour your drinks after you pay |
| A．pay for your drinks at the end of a meal |
| B．taste a variety of beers |
| C．share the cost of drinking with friends |
| D．pay for your own drinks |
| A．is cheese or ham | B．doesn’t cost much money |
| C．is called a ‘bar snack’ | D．is special English meal |
| A．are allowed in pubs | B．can not drink alcohol |
| C．must not eat pub food | D．must buy rounds of drinks |
| A．serve only alcoholic drinks | B．are for families only |
| C．serve both food and drink | D．are no longer common in England |
The missing flight MH 370 attracted the most attention all over the world. The final result was that there were no survivors. Since 1985, Australian professor Ed Galea has interviewed over 2,000 survivors of 105 plane crashes, searching for the keys to keep alive
1. Sitting with your family
If you are traveling in a family group, you should be together with your family. Why? If you sit away from each other, it's only natural that you must want to join your family group when the accident happens. If you do that it’s going to cause more problems.
2. The seat belt
How do you undo your seat belt in your car? You press a button. In a plane, you lift a latch(插销). If you can't undo your seat belt then, you -can't escape and you will lose chances of survival.
3. Facing backward
We would all be safer if airline seats faced backward. But the difficulty with this is that the passengers don't like traveling with their back facing the direction of travel. Experts suggest that the direction of seats should be changed.
4. Put on a smoke hood（头罩）
"Smoke contains toxic (有毒的) gases, narcotic(麻醉的) gases. It contains irritant (刺激的) gases. If you breathe enough of them you will die," explains Galea. He carries a smoke hood but warns that you must follow his example and learn how to use it. Otherwise you'll waste time trying to put it on time that could be used for making an exit.
5. Listen to the flight attendants
Listen to the flight attendants carefully and read the safety card after you get on the plane. Be prepared. And if you're about to crash, do 1ike this -- head down, ankles behind knees. The brace position is one of the most important things that a passenger should take on board when they fly. It’s designed to reduce your chances of being knocked during a heavy crash. According to the first paragraph of the passage, what is the correct meaning of “survivors" in Chinese?_
| A．黑匣子 | B．遇难者 |
| C．幸存者 | D．恐怖分子 |
Is it necessary for us to sit together with our family on the plane?
you follow the example and learn how to use a smoke hood, you'll your time making an exit.
把短文中划线的句子译成汉语。
What is the main idea of the passage?
We often find that weekends and holidays feel so short while classes and work feel so long. Actually, though,
we know that this is not true. But we still wonder where that strange feeling comes from.
In fact, this is one of the ways that we're tricked by time, according to the website All That Is Interesting. The website lists several wrong impressions we often have about time. Let's have a look.
First of all, emotions affect our time-keeping abilities: Negative emotions, especially anxiety and boredom, make time seem longer because they make us concentrate more on the passage of time. However, when we are enjoying ourselves, we pay more attention to what we are doing and are likely to lose track of（失去对….的意识） time.
Here is another example. In 2007, a group of scientists carried out a test. In the test, people fell 50 meters into a safety net and were then asked about their experience. Although the experience took shorter than 3 seconds, the people thought it was much longer than it actually was.
This is because of the way our bodies reply to danger, according to the scientists. Our bodies produce a chemical called adrenaline (肾上腺素) when we are faced with danger. It allows us to concentrate better so that we can stay alive. As a result, we are able to remember far more details(细节)over a short period of time, which makes it seem like time is going more slowly.
Another situation when we make mistakes about time is when we take afternoon naps（午觉）． Have you ever had trouble telling what time it is after a long nap? That's because the best amount of time for a nap is 20 minutes. After 20 minutes, you enter a new stage of sleep called slow-wave sleep. If you wake up mid-way in this stage, it will take a while before you can correctly perceive（感知） time again.
Yes, time can be mysterious and there is no way to control it So, perhaps the best thing to do is to make good use of every minute. According to the passage, what possibly makes people feel so long ?
| A．weekends and holidays | B．weekends and work |
| C．classes and work | D．holidays and work |
Which is NOT the wrong impressions that we often have about time according to the website listing?
| A．negative emotions | B．positive emotions |
| C．adrenaline | D．scientists |
According to the passage, in which situation do we make mistakes about time?
| A．We have many problems left in the test paper, but the time is up. |
| B．We have a math test when we fall down from a high place. |
| C．We may have trouble telling what time it is after a long nap. |
| D．We go to school on the school bus as usual on weekdays. |
According to the passage , what will NOT happen when we are faced with danger ?
| A．Our bodies will produce a chemical called adrenaline. |
| B．We are able to feel that time seems to go more slowly. |
| C．Adrenaline will make us concentrate better to stay alive. |
| D．We will forget far more details over a short period of time. |
Which of the following statements is NOT true according to the passage ?
| A．Negative emotions, especially anxiety and boredom, make time seem longer because they make us concentrate more on the passage of time. |
| B．When we are enjoying ourselves, we pay more attention to what we are doing and we are able to feel like time is going more slowly. |
| C．If we wake up mid-way after a long nap, it will take a while before we can correctly perceive time again |
| D．Time can be mysterious and there is no way to control it. So, perhaps the best thing to do is to make good use of every minute. |
We go to school every day to become a better
person. So how can we become powerful and start
changes in our own life? Perhaps we can get tips from the US
First Lady Michelle Obama. During her 'visit to China, from March 20-26, Mrs. Obama shared her views on education and youth empowerment with students.
The first lady encouraged Chinese students to aim high and get a good education* In Chengdu No. 7 High School, she told students that having humble (贫寒的) roots doesn't matter as long as you have perseverance（毅力）
Mrs. Obama said her family was not rich. Like many Chinese students, her parents had big dreams for her. She felt the weight of her parents' sacrifices（牺牲） on her shoulders and worked hard to make them proud. Persevering was not easy, though. Sometimes she had to wake up at 4:30 am and study late into the night. "But whenever I got tired or discouraged(气馁 WJ)... I would remember something my mother. always told me. She said: 'A good education is something that no one cart take away from you.''
Mrs. Obama also encourages Chinese students to study abroad to broaden their horizons（开阔眼界） in her speech at Peking University. "As the Chinese saying goes: It is better to travel 10,000 miles than to read 10,000 books," she said. It's not enough to get good grades in school. It's also important to have real experience with languages, cultures and societies different from your own, she noted.
Studying overseas could also benefit future international relations. It could help young people from different countries work together to deal with shared problems such as climate change, Mrs. Obama said.
From the first paragraph , what kind of views did Mrs. Obama share with the students ?
| A．education and development |
| B．empowerment and perseverance |
| C．education and youth empowerment |
| D．education and youth perseverance |
From the last paragraph, what is the meaning of the word "benefit"?
| A．be good at | B．be good with |
| C．be bad for | D．be good for |
From the passage ,we can learn that
| A．Michelle Obama lived a rich life when she was young . |
| B．Michelle Obama worked hard to make her parents proud.. |
| C．Michelle Obama sometimes had to wake up at 4:30 pm and study late into the night. |
| D．Michelle Obama would remember something her teachers always told her whenever she got tired or discouraged. |
Which of the following is NOT true according to the passage?
| A．The first lady encourages Chinese students to aim high and get a good education. |
| B．The first lady thinks it terrible for students to have humble roots . |
| C．The first lady thinks that a good education is something that no one can take away from you. |
| D．Mrs. Obama encouraged Chinese students to study abroad to broaden their horizons. |
Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage?
| A．We can get tips from the US First Lady Michelle Obama during her visit to Beijing No. 7 High School |
| B．It's wonderful enough for students to get good grades only in school. |
| C．It's not important to have real experience with languages, cultures and societies different from your own. |
| D．Studying overseas could help young people from different countries work together to deal with shared problems. |
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