Read the following passage. Fill in each blank with a proper sentence given in the box. Each sentence can be used only once. Note that there are two more sentences than you need.
A． It means that different team is accessible to you． B． Belonging to your favorite team stimulates your confidence． C． That identity is first and foremost． D． The more we follow a team， the deeper the bond becomes． E． In that sense， your favorite team can serve the same purpose as church and family： Fostering a sense of belonging． F． This refers to the inclination by fans to distance themselves from their team after a defeat． |
"Our research has shown that the No． 1 reason people become fans is that it's your connection to your first community，" said Adam Earnhardt， chairman of the communications department at Youngstown State University and co﹣author of "Sports Fans， Identity and Socialization： Exploring the Fandemonium．" "I don't care if a Seattle fan moves to China， he or she carries with them their love for the sports teams，" he said． "（1） "
（2） ． And when a team begins to catch fire， as with， say， the Mariners in '95 or the Seahawks of recent vintage， well， it's easy to get swept up in the wave．
"It's phenomenal，" said Simons． "We have this ability to understand other people so remarkably that their victories literally become ours． Our testosterone（睾酮） literally responds to their victory． （3） They're us， and competing on a literal level as us a little extension of us．"
Professor Robert Cialdini at Arizona State University came up with the term BIRG Basking In Reflected Glory to describe the intense pride fans feel when their teams succeed． It can be used as a verb， as in， "Seahawks fans are currently BIRGING up a storm．" The counterpoint， as coined by researchers C．R． Snyder， Mary Anne Lassergard and Carol E， Ford， is the concept of CORFing Cutting Off Reflected Failure． （4） ． We've all heard it in action： We won， but they lost．
This leads into another concept， that of cognitive bias， also known as confirmation bias， which causes fans to help explain away defeats by blaming outside factors， such as referees． I'm sure it would also help explain why Seahawks fans rallied around Richard Sherman after his postgame interview， rationalizing behavior that was widely criticized by many fans with no vested interest． It could also explain the notion of "eustress"， invented by endocrinologist Hans Selye to refer to a combination of euphoria （极度愉快的心情） and stress， such as that resulting from watching tense sporting events． Indeed， it's much of the appeal．
Garlic (大蒜) is one of the most common spices of the kitchen, and the good news is that growing garlic indoors is simple. Garlic can be easily grown at home from individual cloves (瓣), which is the most commonly used form of cultivating garlic than growing garlic from seeds. Here are some useful tips on growing garlic indoors.
Autumn is the best time to plant garlic. Garlic requires enough time to develop strong roots. In warmer climate, it can be delayed to late winter or early spring.
Ensure the container used to grow garlic is large enough for the roots to have enough space to grow. The larger the size of the container, the healthier and bigger the garlic bulbs (鳞茎) will be. The container should also have holes at the bottom so that the water can drain (流走) out easily.
Sow each clove vertically into the soil at a depth of one inch. Ensure that the blunt end (平端) is facing downward. In case of container gardening, the number of cloves to be sowed in each container depends on the size of the container. In case you are planning to sow more than one clove in each container, make sure that each clove is at least 5 inches apart from others.
For the best growth of the garlic plant, choose a sunny spot where there is enough air circulation (流通). This will aid evaporation (蒸发) of too much amount of water and prevent the soil from becoming too damp in case too much watering does occur. Window sill (窗台) is a good place to put your container of garlic plant.
Once the clove has been sowed, cover the soil with a layer of mulch (覆盖物) to protect the roots from extreme cold. Provide fertilizer at the correct time in right amounts, and proper watering. Once the garlic tips start appearing in the spring season, pull back the layer of mulch. Feed the plants once or twice every month with fertilizer.
| Items |
|
| Time |
● It’s best to plant garlic in ● In warmer climate, it’s also suitable to plant garlic in late winter or early spring. |
| Container |
● Be large enough to ● Have holes at the bottom to |
| Sowing |
● Sow each clove vertically into the soil one inch ● Ensure that the blunt end is facing ●Ensure that each clove is at least 5 inches apart from others in a container. |
| Place |
●Choose a sunny spot like window sill having enough |
| Care |
●Cover the soil with a layer of mulch to ● Provide right amounts of fertilizer at the correct time. ● Water the clove ● ● Use fertilizer to feed the plants once or twice a month. |
认真阅读下列短文，并根据所读内容在文章后表格中的空格里填入一个最恰当的单词。
注意：每个空格只填1个单词。请将答案写在答题卡相应题号的横线上。
Gratitude means thankfulness, noticing simple pleasures, and acknowledging everything that you receive. It shifts your focus from what your life lacks to the abundance that is already present. Psychological research has shown the surprising life improvements gained from the practice of gratitude.
Two psychologists, Michael McCollough and Robert Emmons, conducted an experience on gratitude and its effect on well being. The results of the study indicated that daily gratitude exercises resulted in higher reported levels of enthusiasm, determination, optimism, and energy. In addition, those who practiced gratitude experienced less depression and stress, were more likely to help others, worked out problems more regularly, and made greater progress toward achieving personal goals.
Therefore, it's important to practice gratitude. Here are a few reminders.
A common method is to get yourself a cute little notebook and write down 3 - 5 things that you're grateful for at the end of each day. They can be small things, or bigger things.
You can also send a handwritten letter or make a phone call to a person for whom you are thankful, expressing the gratitude. It will surely brighten their day, and in turn, yours.
Besides, for some, it may be a good idea to express their gratitude in person. It doesn't need to be formal. Just a simple gesture of thanks is only needed to feel the benefits of this kind of gratitude.
Finally, there are certain times you can devote to gratitude. For example, at the beginning of your meals, or at bedtime, or when your parents get home from work. Committing to a specific time establishes a practice of gratitude.
Once you become accustomed to looking for things to be grateful for, you will find that you begin to appreciate simple pleasures, which can make a day and even change a life.
| Title |
Gratitude |
| Introduction |
Gratitude means being grateful and can help people |
of gratitude exercises |
■Feeling more ■Becoming less depressed and stressed, but more willing to be ■Working out problems more regularly. ■Achieving your |
to practise gratitude |
■Putting down whatever you feel grateful for every day. ■Writing to or calling whoever you want to ■Giving thanks personally in a ■Devoting a proper |
| Conclusion |
■ |
阅读下面短文，根据以下提示：1)汉语提示，2)首字母提示，3)语境提示，在每个空格内填入一个适当的英语单词。所填单词要求意义准确，拼写正确。
We moved away from my grandmother when 1 was eight years old． her terribly．Two years later my mother and father___
___(离婚)．I felt as if my world was falling apart．So Mother took my little brother and me back to visit my Granny once in a w
.
Granny didn’t live in a fancy house have expensive things．But it was the little things she gave me that had always mattered．1 will always remember she saved her pennies in a glass jar .I am sure Granny could have used those pennies h
but she saved them to give us when we came to visit．I don’t remember how much we collected on our visits．
Those (记忆)，of when 1 was a child，still give me w
feelings on days that I need them．A Granny’s love stays
a grandchild，down through the years，even when that child becomes a grandma．I often wonder，after all those years，when I am lucky
to find a penny
on the ground somewhere, if it could possibly be Granny giving me pennies from heaven．
Food makes us feel good, but some people eat when they aren’t really hungry and eat to simply feel good. This kind of eating habit is called emotional eating, which does not affect adults but also young children. It isn’t a good thing. 
A child’s eating habits can develop right from childhood. As we know, a baby cries out if he doesn’t get milk at the usual time of the day. However, sometimes parents immediately stick a bottle in a child’s mouth without trying to find out if the child is really hungry. In fact, children may cry for other reasons. Even as children grow up and start going to school, parents sometimes give them a chocolate bar if they become really unhappy. As the children further grow up, they may become used to having a snack whenever they’re upset or low.
Therefore, they’d like to eat an emotional snack when they have the feeling of unhappiness and boredom. Even when they don’t get high grades, aren’t popular at school or made fun of by others, they will want something to eat. After having the snack, they feel a lot better.
Emotional eating in young children is a thing that needs to be taken seriously. To protect your children from emotional eating, you should satisfy your child’s emotional needs in the best possible way. This includes spending time with your child every day, taking an interest in his school work, helping your child study, providing a health environment without tension at home, etc. Don’t make the child lose face by scolding him. Develop confidence in your child. Make your child eat enough once in a while. Reward him for his achievements.
All this will help your little one develop a healthy eating habit. And always remember love and care is the key to help you child out of trouble and grow up happily.
Title: in Young Children
| |
Eating for feeling good instead of for |
| Causes |
forming the habit when feeling feeling being made fun of by others |
| |
staying with your child for some time every day being providing a healthy environment without tension at home avoiding making your child giving your child enough to eat once in a while giving your child reward for what he has achieved |
| Conclusion |
Love and care helps children out of trouble. |
Until about 150 years ago, the most important, expensive and renowned kind of painting was large-scale pictures that told a story, regarded as the (hard) challenge for an artist.
(choose) suitable subjects, artists had to be well-read. Then they had to know
stories could be told without words, using only gestures and expressions. To create lifelike scenes, they had to understand perspective, lighting and anatomy. So history painting needed a lot of thought and
. (imagine). Large-scale pictures used to be reserved for grand religious or patriotic subjects, but that changed in the 19th century, as artists began creating history paintings based
contemporary news stories. One of the first of these was The Raft of the Medusa, inspired by the wreck of
French ship in 1816, which showed how art could have a powerful political impact. It presents a scene
the survivors of the wreck on a raft littered with bodies try to signal to a distant ship. When they
( rescue ), they told how they had been abandoned by their captain, while he sailed to safety in a lifeboat. Starving, they had to eat each other to survive—though this picture makes
look heroic rather than violent. The picture caused a huge outcry. Some people thought the artist meant to criticize the French king,
had been involved in appointing the ship's captain.
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