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| A． |
It's not a simple matter to determine the nature of talent. |
| B． |
Sports team owners spend millions of dollars attracting top talent |
| C． |
The group interaction and its effect drew the researchers' attention. |
| D． |
Stars apparently do not follow this basic principle of sportsmanship. |
| E． |
Several recent studies examined the role of talent in the sports world. |
| F． |
Building up a dream team is more complex than simply hiring the best talent. |
| G． |
This task interdependence distinguishes baseball from football and basketball. |
Much of the work in today's world is accomplished (完成) in teams. Most people believe the best way to build a great team is to gather a group of the most talented individuals. ________ Companies spend millions hiring top business people. Is their money well spent?
________ They focused on football, basketball and baseball. The results are mixed. For football and basketball, adding talented players to a team proves a good method, but only up to the point where 70% of the players are top talent; above that level, the team's performance begins to decline. Interestingly, this trend isn't evident in baseball, where additional individual talent keeps improving the team's performance.
To explain this phenomenon, the researchers explored the degree to which a good performance by a team requires its members to coordinate (协调) their actions. ________ In baseball, the performance of individual players is less dependent on teammates. They conclude that when task interdependence is high, team performance will suffer when there is too much talent, while individual talent will have positive effects on team performance when task interdependence is lower. If a basketball star is, for example, trying to gain a high personal point total, he may take a shot himself when it would be better to pass the ball to a teammate, affecting the team's performance. Young children learning to play team sports are often told, "There is no I in TEAM." ________
Another possibility is that when there is a lot of talent on a team, some players may make less effort. Just as in a game of tug-of-war (拔河比赛), whenever a person is added, everyone else pulls the rope with less force.
________. An A-team may require a balance-not just a players, but a few generous B players as well.
There is an English saying:“1._________.” Until recently, few people took the saying seriously. Now, however, doctors have begun to look into laughter and the effects it has on the human body. 2. _________.
Tests were carried out to study the effects of laughter on the body. People watched funny films while doctors checked their hearts, blood pressure, breathing and muscles. It was found that laughter has similar effects to physical exercise. 3.__________. If laughter exercises the body, it must be beneficial.
Other tests have shown that laughter appears to be able to reduce the effect of pain on the body. In one experiment doctors produced pain in groups of students who listened to different radio programs. The group that tolerated(忍耐) the pain for the longest time was the group which listened to a funny program. 4._________.
5.__________. They have found that even if their patients do not really feel like laughing , making them smile is enough to produce beneficial effects similar to those caused by laughter.
| A．Laughter can prolong one’s life. |
| B．As a result of these discoveries, some doctors in the United States now hold laughter clinics in which they help to improve their patients’ condition by encouraging them to laugh. |
| C．The reason why laughter can reduce pain seems to be that it helps to produce a kind of chemicals in the brain which diminish both stress and pain. |
| D．It increases blood pressure, the heart beating and breathing; it also works several groups of muscles in the face, the stomach and even the feet. |
E. Although laughter helps cure the disease, doctors still can not put this theory into clinic practice.
F. Laughter is the best medicine.
G.They have found that laughter really can improve people’s health.
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Four Habits t0，Help You Succeed
We all want to succeed，whether it’s in losing weight or learning the guitar．For those who hay e tried and failed，success seems difficult to understand．Why does one person succeed while another person fails? 1
1．Identify your core values．
Finding your core values is in line with creating inner motivation． 2 Pick a handful of things and actually write them down．Remind yourself of your values every day，and reflect on whether you are honoring those values through your work．
2．Pick a goal and focus on it．
Choose one goal to start something large enough that will give you a sense of accomplishment，while adjusting well to your core values．Focus is key here. 3 If you perform many tasks at。a time，you might never complete your projects because they will take far too lon9．
3．Set a deadline for success．
Set a date for success．Identify when you hope to achieve your goal． 4 By setting a time limit，you are making the process more real．
4． 5 ．Failure can’t be avoided when you take risks, By its very definition，the desire to succeedmeans you are risking failure。Many people tend to give up far too early．Don’t fall into this trap! Remember your mindset earlier．Know it will happen．A failure is merely you working out the details，and learning what works and what doesn’t．Use failure．Treat it as a good thin9，and march on!
| A．The more focused you are on one goal，the higher chance you have of Success． |
| B．Make the right decision． |
| C．I’ve made a list of four habits to help you set goals and achieve them． |
| D．Stick to your goal． |
E．Keep it realistic，while not giving you too mu ch time．
F．Sit and reflect on what you value most．
G．Push yourself to be courageous，and take that next step．
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How to keep healthy and be happy
Who wouldn’t want to know how to be joyful and enjoy good health?
Try to follow the food pyramid(金字塔). Eat a lot of fresh fruits or vegetables, some whole grains and fiber, a little bit of dairy, a little bit of meat, and very little sugar and fat.
To exercise you can run, do sit-ups, push-ups, etc., lift weights, walk around your neighborhood.
It is best to get at least seven hours of sleep a day because lack of sleep can harm your health. To form a regular sleep habit, go to bed at the same time each night and wake up at the same time each morning. It may seem hard at first, but it will get easier after you’ve done it for a while.
Keep yourself busy. This is good because it prevents you from having bad habits, such as smoking and taking drugs. It is also important to keep busy with positive tasks. To keep yourself busy you can work around the house, spend time with your pets. Write in a journal, do a sport, or spend time doing a hobby you enjoy.
Remember that nothing is worth sacrificing(牺牲)health and happiness for, so avoid anything that destroys them. Do not do anything harmful to yourself such as doing drugs, smoking, or hanging around and being influenced by negative people.
| A．Be social and have friends. |
| B．Good health and happiness are important goals in life. |
| C．Eat balanced meals. |
| D．Worrying is harmful, and work is good for the mind as well as the body. |
E. Take some exercise regularly.
F. Make sure you get eight hours of sleep daily.
G. Form regular sleep habits.
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Food is life; it gives us the nourishment(营养)we need to stay alive and be healthy. 1 Britain Wansink, a professor at the University of Illinios, says we also eat certain foods because they make us feel good, and remind us of happy memories. Wansink calls this kind of food comfort, for some people, ice cream is a comfort food. For others, a bowl of noodle soup makes them feel good.
2 Professor Wansink believes that we connect food with important times, feelings, and people in our lives, “When I was a child, my mother made a delicious soup; I love it. 3 And it helps me feel better,” says one of Wansink’s coworker.
Do men and women choose different comfort foods? Wansink’s research at the University of Illinois says “yes”. In his study, the favorite comfort food for both men and women was ice cream. After this, men usually preferred hot, savory(味香的) foods like soup or noodles. 4 Men and women like to eat comfort foods when they are happy, but women eat these foods more when they are sad or worried.
5 About 40 percent of the comfort foods in Wansink’s study were healthy main dishes or soups and vegetables. It shows, says Wansink, that a comfort food can taste good and be good for you.
| A．Not all comfort food is junk food. |
| B．Where can we buy this sort of food? |
| C．Sweet foods are also their preference. |
| D．How does a food become comfort food? |
E. Usually, we eat because we are hungry or need energy.
F. Women liked sweet things such as chocolate and cookies.
G. Now, I often have this kind of food when I am tired or worried.
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Dear Boris,
1
After I had spent a week with my English family, I slowly began to understand their English a little better. 2 Students in my group are from different cities of Britain and their dialects are different too! Some of their accents are quite strong and they also have their own words and expressions.
3 Before I came to England I had thought that fish and chips were eaten every day. That’s quite wrong! I get rather annoyed now when I hear all the foolish words about typical English food.
I had expected to see “London fog”. Do you remember our texts about it? We had no idea that most of this “thick fog” disappeared many years ago when people stopped using coal in their homes. But the idea to speak about weather was very helpful. 4 On the other hand, habits are different. People tell me what is typical British here in London is not always typical in Wales or Scotland. 5
But what is ordinary for all British is that they follow traditions(传统). Probably Britain has more living signs of its past than many other countries. And people have always been proud of having ancient (古老的) buildings in capitals, big cities and the countryside.
I will tell you more about Britain in my other letters.
Love from Britain.
| A．The weather in London is really changeable. |
| B．I have difficulty in understanding my classmates. |
| C．Thanks for your nice letter. |
| D．The family I live with are friendly. |
E. It’s very different from what I learned at school.
F. Local habits and traditions are not the same as what we knew.
G. But it’s not the language that’s different and surprising.
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