The Science of Risk-Seeking
Sometimes We decide that a little unnecessary danger is worth it because when we weigh the risk and the reward, the risk seems worth taking. 71 Some of us enjoy activities that would surprise and scare the rest of us. Why? Experts say it may have to do with how our brains work.
The reason why any of us take any risks at all might have to do with early humans. Risk-takers were better at hunting, fighting, or exploring. 72 As the quality of Risk-taking was passed from on ration to the next, humans ended up with a sense of adventure and a tolerance for risk.
So why aren't we all jumping out of airplanes then? Well, even 200,000 years ago, too much risk-taking could get one Killed. A few daring survived, though, along with a few stay-in-the-cave types. As a result, humans developed a range of character types that still exists today. So maybe you love car racing, or maybe you hate it. 73
No matter where you are on the risk-seeking range, scientists say that your willingness to take risks increases during your teenage years. 74 To help you do that, your brain increases your hunger for new experiences. New experiences often mean taking some risks, so your brain raises your tolerance for risk as well.
Mean taking some risks, so your brain raisers your tolerance for risk as well.
75For the risk-seekers a part of the brain related to pleasure becomes active, while for the rest of us, a part of the brain related to fear becomes active.
As experts continue to study the science of risk-seeking, we'll continue to hit the mountains, the waves or the shallow end of the pool.
| A． |
It all depends on your character. |
| B． |
Those are the risks you should jump to take. |
| C． |
Being better at those things meant a greater chance of survival. |
| D． |
Thus, these well-equipped people survived because they were the fittest. |
| E． |
This is when you start to move away from your family and into the bigger world. |
| F． |
However, we are not all using the same reference standard to weigh risks and rewards. |
| G． |
New brain research suggests our brains work differently when we face a nervous situation. |
We all face quantities of stresses in day-to-day living, whether at work, in the home, or anywhere in between. Here's how stress can help us on an everyday basis.
◆Sharperung your memory.
Did you ever notice that sometimes when you are stressed, your memory seems to improve? Remember that test you passed where the answers seemed to come out of nowhere? It's because of stress hormones（荷尔蒙）that increase your alertness when it's most needed.
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Successful employees turn stress into motivation. Have you ever noticed that you get the least amount of work done when you have the fewest deadlines? Too little stress can affect how much you actually get done. When you take risks and choose to get over the difficulty, it improves your mental toughness and self-confidence.
◆Helping you resist the attack of illness. Believe it or not, the right kind of stress can help your body's defenses against illness. When you get sick, stress causes you to make hormones that battle threats to your health. That burst of stress is helpful to your immune system when your body faces a threat.
◆Making your life more interesting.
Think about some stressful situations that we consciously put ourselves in to make life more interesting and enjoyable, like asking someone out on a first date, conquering a known fear, or learning something new. These may not immediately come to mind when you think of stress because of the positive outcomes.
| A．Helping you get an advantage at work. |
| B．Helping you get through difficult times. |
| C．This will happen whenever you are stressed. |
| D．That's one way your brain responds to stress. |
E. You need a healthy immune system to help fight off diseases.
F. But they're the types that can help you achieve fulfillment and happiness.
G. But handled properly, stress can have many benefits for the body and mind.
以下是几位男性朋友征婚的有关信息：
A. Zheng Guan, 30 years old, comes from Guangdong Province and would like to find a girlfriend who is about 20---28 years old, unmarried, with a degree of high school. He is 175 centimeters tall and works as an auto mechanic in Guangzhou.
B. Thomas, comes from NewYork. He is 48 years old, 168 centimeters tall, unmarried. He owns a Master’s degree and is now working as an engineer in Shenzhen, living in a house of the company. He hopes to find a companion who is about 30---38 years old. He doesn’t care about whether she was divorced.
C. Li xin, 35 years old, comes from Guangzhou. He works in the local government with a bachelor’s degree. He has an apartment in the city. He wants to have a companion who lives in the same city, 25---33 years old, unmarried, with a degree of secondary school. The girl should be at least 155 centimeters tall.
D. Wang Jian, 27 years old, comes from Changsha. He is a lawyer with a Master’s degree, who is now working in a law office in Shenzhen. He is 175 centimeters tall and looking for a girlfriend between 22---25years old, unmarried. She should be at least 160 centimeters tall and has a college degree, who is supposed to have a job in Shenzhen, too.
E. Chen Fan, who is now 66 years old, lives in Shenzhen. His wife died of a heart attack 3 years ago. He would like to find a spouse who is about 50---65years old and is supposed to be thoughtful.
F. Zhong Shi, 26 years old, is a soldier in Zhejiang Province. He is 175 centimeters tall, unmarried, with a bachelor’s degree. He likes playing table tennis and football in his spare time. He wants to find a girlfriend who works in Zhejiang Province, 155---168 centimeters tall, unmarried.
以下是几位女性朋友的择偶要求，请为每位女性匹配一位合适的伴侣：Shelly, 22, works in a state-owned enterprise, who likes to play table tennis after work. She would like a male friend who is serving in the army and taller than 170 centimeters. It will be appropriate if he loves sports just as she does.
Tang Lili, 28, 160 centimeters tall, unmarried, is now living Guangdong Province and took up a job as an accountant (会计). After graduating from high school, she decided to continue learning for a higher degree while working. She hopes to find a companion with a house of his own and at least got a bachelor’s degree.
Liu Fang, 54, a retired teacher from senior middle school. She is now taking care of her granddaughter. Her son and daughter want her to find a companion after their father died in an accident 4 years ago.
Xie Xueqing, 24, serves as an assistant in a private company in Shenzhen. She is 165 centimeters tall and just graduated from university this year. She loves listening to all kinds of music, especially classical music.
Zhang Hui, 35 years old, married once, is a nursery teacher. She is very considrate and loves to be with children very much. Besides, she enjoys dancing in her free time. After divorce, she is going to find a devoted spouse who has a place to live in.
One of the best ways to change your looks and improve your health is to lose excessive weight. There are plenty of tips, hints and various techniques to help you cope with the problem.
Say good-bye to sugar . Sugar is added to most products to make them more addictive. People like the sweet taste and get used to eating pretty soon. Do not use sugar at all or minimize its amount while cooking.
Enjoys fruits and vegetables
Eating fruits and veggies is absolutely necessary when you are on a diet and need minerals, vitamins and other nutrients to stay energetic and alert. because we tend to snack on fast food instead. In order not to get bored with vegetables and fruits, be creative and invent something new, such as colorful salads or smoothies.
Get enough sleep
It has been scientifically proved that people who do not get enough sleep eat more. . It is stressful for the whole organism to stay up late at night. Go to bed before midnight. Avoid snacking on fatty and sugary foods before bedtime. Stop drinking caffeinated drinks a few hours before you go to bed so that you could fall asleep easier.
Reduce the amount of meat you consume
Eating less meat is good for a variety of reasons. . One of the most expected recommendations you might hear from a specialist is that you should reduce the amount of consumed meat if your goal is weight loss.
Being physically active is good for you and not boring at all. It does not require any special skills or equipment. Practice sports for entertainment. Only then will you be able to fully enjoy it and keep on exercising further.
| A．They need calories to stay alert |
| B．We need to burn excessive calories to keep healthy |
| C．Nowadays it is close to impossible to find foods that would not contain sugar |
| D．People used to be healthier many years ago only because they could not afford meat |
E．Exercise for Fun
F．Exercise regularly
G．Most of us would avoid fruits and vegetables
Many people think that they have to accept whatever life throws at them. They'll say, "This is my fate. I cannot change it.” . You don’t have to suffer needlessly. Your fate depends on you, not on any other outside factors
We want to be happy and live our life to the fullest, but we have to do our share of making the effort to live the life of our dreams. You just don' t sit around and wait for a million dollars to fall from the sky. You have to get off the couch, get your eyes off the TV screen, get your hands off the phone ( unless it contributes to your success), and get your mind and body to work I
If your life is not meant the way you want it to be, don't just say: "Our time will come. " or " Don' t expect your luck to change, unless you do something about it. If something goes wrong, don' t just regard it as a temporary setback; but use it as feedback. Learn your lesson, make the most of the situation, and do something to solve the problem. It' s not enough to think positive; you also have to act positive.
If someone' s life is in trouble, do you just hope and pray that things will turn out fine? Of course not!
So it is with your own life. It is not enough to hope for the best, but you have to DO your best. In other words, don't just stand (or sit) there.
| A．I think so. |
| B． Of course not. |
| C． You'd better let it be. |
| D．Things will get better someday. |
E. Do something to improve your life.
F. Remember that you harvest what you sow.
G. You've got to do anything you can to save the person.
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Taking good notes is a time-saving skill that will help you to become a better student in several ways. Second, your notes are excellent materials to refer to when you are studying for a test. Third, note-taking helps you to hold your interest.
You will want to take notes during classroom discussions and while reading a textbook or doing research for a report. Whenever or however you take notes, keep in mind that note-taking is a selective process.
The following methods may work best for you.
·Read the text quickly to find the main facts and ideas in it.
·Carefully read the text and watch for words that can show main points and supporting facts.
·Write your notes in your own words.
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·Note any questions or ideas you may have about what was said or written.
As you take notes, you may want to use your own shorthand (速记). When you do, be sure that you understand your symbols and that you use them all the time.
| A．Use words, not complete sentences. |
| B．There are three practical note-taking methods. |
| C．You must write your notes on separate paper. |
| D．Otherwise, you may not be able to read your notes later. |
E．You will also want to develop your own method for taking notes.
F．That means you must first decide what is important enough to include in your notes.
G．First, the simple act of writing something down makes it easier for you to understand and remember it.
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