For those who can stomach it，working out before breakfast may be more beneficial for health than eating first，according to a study of meal timing and physical activity．
Athletes and scientists have long known that meal timing affects performance．However，far less has been known about how meal timing and exercise might affect general health．
To find out，British scientists conducted a study．They first found 10 overweight and inactive but otherwise healthy young men，whose lifestyles are，for better and worse，representative of those of most of us．They tested the men's fitness and resting metabolic （新陈代谢的） rates and took samples （样品） of their blood and fat tissue．
Then，on two separate morning visits to the scientists' lab，each man walked for an hour at an average speed that，in theory，should allow his body to rely mainly on fat for fuel． Before one of these workouts，the men skipped breakfast， meaning that they exercised on a completely empty stomach after a long overnight fast（禁食）．On the other occasion，they ate a rich morning meal about two hours before they started walking．
Just before and an hour after each workout，the scientists took additional samples of the men's blood and fat tissue．
Then they compared the samples．There were considerable differences．Most obviously，the men displayed lower blood sugar levels at the start of their workouts when they had skipped breakfast than when they had eaten．As a result，they burned more fat during walks on an empty stomach than when they had eaten first．On the other hand，they burned slightly more calories（卡路里）， on average，during the workout after breakfast than after fasting．
But it was the effects deep within the fat cells that may have been the most significant，the researchers found Multiple genes behaved differently，depending on whether someone had eaten or not before walking．Many of these genes produce proteins （蛋白质） that can improve blood sugar regulation and insulin（胰岛素） levels throughout the body and so are associated with improved metabolic health．These genes were much more active when the men had fasted before exercise than when they had breakfasted．
The implication of these results is that to gain the greatest health benefits from exercise，it may be wise to skip eating first．
（1）The underlined expression "stomach it" in Paragraph 1 most probably means " "．
| A． |
digest the meal easily |
| B． |
manage without breakfast |
| C． |
decide wisely what to eat |
| D． |
eat whatever is offered |
（2）Why were the 10 people chosen for the experiment？
| A． |
Their lifestyles were typical of ordinary people． |
| B． |
Their lack of exercise led to overweight． |
| C． |
They could walk at an average speed． |
| D． |
They had slow metabolic rates． |
（3）What happened to those who ate breakfast before exercise？
| A． |
They successfully lost weight． |
| B． |
They consumed a bit more calories． |
| C． |
They burned more fat on average． |
| D． |
They displayed higher insulin levels． |
（4）What could be learned from the research？
| A． |
A workout after breakfast improves gene performances． |
| B． |
Too much workout often slows metabolic rates． |
| C． |
Lifestyle is not as important as morning exercise． |
| D． |
Physical exercise before breakfast is better for health． |
One thing that every dog needs to know how to do is sit. Teaching a dog to sit is probably the easiest trick in the book. Dogs learn to sit by praise. You must first introduce them to what sitting is.
Gently place your hand over the top part of their bottoms and gently push down. Once you have got them into the sitting position, say “sit”. Now, make sure that they have sat down and give them a treat for praise. Wait a while before doing it again because each time you do it, you will be rewarding them for it.
Using treats while training your dog to sit will help him or her learn a lot easier. He or she might think, “Okay I get it, so when I sit, I get a treat!” So in the beginning, give your dog a treat every time they sit. At first, when you are training your dog to sit, they will feel puzzled. This is very normal because sitting is new to them. Dogs favor routine(常规), and once sitting becomes a part of their daily routine, it will be something that they truly enjoy doing for their owners when asked.
Young puppies are often the easiest to train to sit. Sitting is a simple and easy command that can be taught to any dog. Older dogs may learn a bit more slowly, but this is simply because they have got into much more of a routine. Do not think that your older dog cannot learn how to sit. It just takes time.
If you are having a seemingly difficult time teaching your dog to sit, you may need to go to your nearest library and rent a book on your particular dog family. Different dogs have different tempers. What is normal of one dog may not be so true for others. There are many things that will decide whether your dog has an easy time learning how to sit, but most of it will be up to you.
1. The most important thing in training a dog is _____
A. trick B. praise C. order D. treat
2. Young puppies are easier to train to sit because ______.
A. they are cleverer than older dogs
B. they haven’t got into much of a ro
utine
C. they are different from old dogs in temper
D. they enjoy doing what their owners tell them to
3. We can know from the text that ______.
A. dogs, whether young or old, can be taught to sit only
B. dogs will sit when their owners pat them on the head
C. owners do not play an important part in training dogs to sit
D. different dogs should be treated differently when taught to sit
4. This text is probably taken from ______.
A. a travel journal B. a TV guidance C. a book about pets D. a research report
China’s telecommunications supervisor has given long-awaited third-generation, or 3G mobile
phone licenses(执照) to three mobile operators. The Ministry of Industry and Information Technology said China's biggest mobile operator, China Mobile, was given a license for TD-SCDMA, the domestically-developed 3G standard. k#
Wang Jianzhou, President of China Mobile said the company had already started construction of new networks to cover all cities by 2011. “After our testing operation of the network which started from last April, we have 
seen that the new technology has develo
ped into maturity (成熟). By this June, we will finish the second stage of the network construction which covers 28 cities around the country. ”
The other two main carriers,
China Telecom and China Unicorn, received respectively licenses for the 3G standards of US-developed CDMA2000 and Europe’s WCDMA. All the three operators expressed an active attitude on the future competition and cooperation in the field of 3G mobile.
The 3G high-speed networks can handle faster data downloads, allowing handset users to make video calls and watch TV programs.
Officials expect that there could be about 280 billion yuan, or about 40 billion dollars
of direct investment in new networks over the next two years, an effective measure to boost(提高) the domestic demand and perfect telecom market competition.
1. The 3G standard developed in China is ______.
A. SLEDMA B. CDMA2000 C. TD-SCDMA D. WCDMA
2. How soon will the new networks cover most parts of China?
A. In half a year. B. In one year. C. In two years. D. In three years.
3. According to the president of China Mobile, ______.
A. 3G mobile phone has developed into maturity
B. the network construction has been finished
C. the network has covered 28 cities in China
D. the second stage of the network hasn't started
4. Which of the following statements is true?
A. More and more companies will receive licenses for the 3G standards.
B. With 3G high-speed networks, users can watch different programs at the same time.
C. Not all of the three operators think well of the future competition of 3G mobile.
D. The operators will spend a great amount of money first before earning more money.
第二部分 阅读理解（共两节，满分50分）
第一节 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、Ｂ、Ｃ和Ｄ）中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。（共20小题；每小题2分，满分40分）
Jeanne Calment, a French woman, became a record breaker on 17 
October, 1995, when at the age of 120 years and 238 days, she became the longest-lived human being on record. A Japanese man died in 1986 at 
the age of 120 years and 237 days.
Jeanne Calment lives in a small old people’s home in the south of France; her husband, her only child and her grandson have all died. She is nearly blind and deaf and is always in a wheelchair, but her doctor describes her as being more like a 90-year-old woman in good health than someone of 120. She still has a lively sense of humor. When asked on her 120th birthday what she expected of the future, she replied: A very short one. She also remarked that she thought the good Lord had forgotten all about her.
So what is the key to a long life? According to some doctors, diet, exercise and no smoking are the three important factors. Jeanne Calment has followed two of the tips. She has always eaten a healthy diet, and she used to do exercise every day until she broke her leg at the age of 115. However, until recently she drank two glasses of strong red wine a day, and she does smoke (now only a little). Besides, Jeanne Calment might have got very good genes from her parents. Her father lived to the age of 94 and her mother to 86.
A local lawyer bought her house when she was 80 under an agreement that he would pay her some money every year until her death. It must have seemed a good move at the time, but so far the lawyer has paid her at least three times the value of the house. Every year on her birthday, Jeanne Calment sends him a card saying: Sorry, I’m still alive!
1. How does Jeanne Calment feel about her old age?
A. She is miserable and unhappy.
B. She is cheerful and humorous.
C. She would like to live much younger.
D. She feels she is going to die very soon.
2. We can owe her good health and long life to _______.
A. smoking only a little every day
B. her giving up smoking and drinking
C. drinking two glasses of strong red wine every day
D. the good genes from her parents, a healthy diet and some exercise
3. Which of the following word could best replace the word “move” in the fourth paragraph?
A. deal B. trick C. march D. sport
4. Why does Jeanne Calment say “Sorry, I’m still alive” to the lawyer every year on her birthday?
A. Because she had an agreement at 80 with the lawyer which was to her advantage.
B. Because she has asked the lawyer to pay her more rent than they first agreed.
C. Because the lawyer has paid her much more money than the value of the house.
D. Because the house she sold to the lawyer is worth the money he has already paid.
Until a relatively short time ago, traveling abroad was limited to rich tourists and wealthy businesspeople. Flying abroad was not common for the average person. In time, however, plane travel became safer, more convenient, and less expensive. As a re
sult, people of different backgrounds now fly to distant places for pleasure and businesspeople fly to one country for a breakfast or lunch conference, and then fly to another country for a dinner meeting.
With the world becoming smaller, many young adults make the decision to study in foreign universities. It is an exciting, challenging experience to live in a foreign country. Anyone who can study abroad is fortunate; but, of course, it is not easy to change from one culture to another. One faces many difficulties.
The stude
nt who studies in a foreign country leaves behind
a familiar, loving, comfortable environment. Back home, he has his family, friends, and acquaintances. He knows the language, politics, money, food, social customs, and so forth. He knows all the unclear aspects of his native culture, such as body language, and bargaining practices, etc. in short, he knows “the system” in his native country. Then one day he leaves all this behind and suddenly finds himself in a place where everyone and everything is st
range, perhaps even confusing. All this strangeness is a major surprise to a person’s self-confidence. This sudden change often leads to a reaction called culture shock.
Foreigners experience different degrees of culture shock. The symptoms range from being ill at ease to being seriously depressed. Feeling homesick, unhappy, and very sensitive are other signs of culture shock. It is easy to understand that the endless frustrations of the early days in a new country would produce dissatisfaction, and perhaps even hostility. People are always at ease in a familiar environment. A mature, realistic person experiences mild, temporary symptoms; the insecure newcomer suffers more seriously from a culture shock.
During the inevitable period of adjustment, the international student tends to complain about everything in the new environment. In fact, the student is likely to exaggerate the problems. When the student meets another miserable person from the same country, he will pour out his unhappy feelings. Together they can complain in their native language. Although this compl
aining provides temporary satisfaction, it certainly does not help him adapt to a new society. Being negative will never get rid of the feelings of frustrations. The mature person understands that a positive attitude, determination, and flexibility are important in making the change successful. A sense of humor is a big help.
1. Nowadays, flying abroad is ___ ____.
A. limited to rich tourists and wealthy businesspeople
B. more convenient but less safe
C. common for the average person
D. not common for the average person
2. “The system” in the third paragraph includes the following except _________.
A. social customs
B. bargaining practices
C. politics
D. foreign culture
3. Culture shock affects foreigners _________.
A. in just the same way
B. in the same degree
C. in quite similar ways
D. in different degrees
4. Endless frustrations of the early days in a new country would create _________.
A. dissatisfaction
B. discomfort
C. hostility
D. all of the above
5. The following are important in fighting culture shock except _________.
A. determination
B. a positive attitude
C. a sense of humor
D. hostility
Wall Street is the banking center of New York City. But how did the street get its unusual name? To find out, we must go back to the early years of exploration in North America.
New York Cit
y was first called New Amsterdam by the explorer Henry Hudson. He was working for a Dutch trading company when he 
entered what is now the lower Hudson River area in the year 1609. There he found an island that was a perfect trading harbor. The Manhattan Indians lived there.
Dutch traders built a town on the end of Manhattan Island. It became a rich tra
ding center. But the British questioned the right of the Dutch to control the area. The two nations went to war in 1652.
The governor of New Amsterdam, Peter Stuyvesant, worried that British settlers in New England would attack his town. He ordered that a protective wall be built at the north edge of Manhattan. The wall was more than 2,290 feet long. It extended from the Hudson River to the East River.
The British never attacked New Amsterdam. So the wall was never tested in war. But the path beside it became known as Wall Street. Later, Wall Street became a street of banks and business.
Dealing in stocks and shares in the stock markets began in the 17th Century. An informal market developed around the co
ffee houses in the City of London gradually. In 1773 “New Jonathan’s” Coffee House became the informal Stock Exchange, and it was formally established till 1802. at that time London was the largest share market, and the growth of the Industrial Revolution helped the establishment of local share markets in other parts of the country --- more than 330 of them when there were most. These markets first began moves towards combination in 1890, when the Council of Associated Stock Exchanges was formed. By 1967 all the “Country” Exchanges had got together themselves into 
six regional exchanges, and in 1973 all seven exchanges in the British Isles came together to form The Stock Exchanges of Great Britain and Ireland, and its member firms spread from Aberdeen to the Channel Islands and from Lancaster to Limerick.
1. Manhattan was named after __________.
A. a Dutch explorer
B. a British colonist
C. an Indian tribe
D. the Dutch governor
2. The British and the Dutch went to war in 1652 because __________.
A. they both liked the rich island
B. they both wanted to have Wall Street
C. they both wanted to control the rich area
D. they had questions in some aspects unsolved
3. The wall _________.
A. was used in the war
B. was never used in the war
C. was destroyed later
D. was so weak that the British never tested it
4. In 1773 “New Jonathan’s” Coffee House became _________.
A. the place the merchants had their ventures
B. an informal stock exchanges
C. a formal stock exchanges
D. the biggest market in Britain
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