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What's better for learning， hands﹣on projects or tests？

We did a survey about two days to study in our school． 73% of the students prefer hands﹣on（动手的）projects while the rest think tests are better for learning． Here are four students'ideas．

Hands﹣on projects require time and hard work to complete． It teaches kids not to put things off．Some kids might get bored and be less interested in studying for a test． Studying also doesn't prepare you as much for the future， since jobs at times will have more difficult tasks than simply studying for a test． Also， completing a project is good for spending time with your friends or family． ﹣﹣﹣Bruno

With a hands﹣on project you can be creative while you learn． It's also a lot more fun than sitting at a desk with flash cards， memorizing information they forget about after the test． Besides， with a hands﹣on project you can learn more than you expected， like problem solving， creativity， and different ways of thinking．﹣﹣﹣David

When people study， they remember what was in the book． If they know they have a test， they will most likely take notes on all the important information to help them with the test， so they will learn it better．﹣﹣﹣Alice

I think kids learn better studying for tests． If you actually sit and study what you are supposed to learn， you will remember it． hands﹣on projects might end up making a kid feel stressed if they are trying to finish on time， and if you are stressed， you might not learn as much． ﹣﹣﹣Matt

（1）According to the survey， how many students like studying for tests better？　　

A． 73%

B． 50%．

C． 27%

D． 100%

（2）What does Bruno think of hands﹣on projects？　　

A． They may be less interesting and more difficult．

B． They can make children learn to put off tasks

C． They are much easier than studying for tests．

D． They may help children to improve friendship

（3）How many reasons does David give why he prefers hands﹣on projects？　　

A．Two

B． Three

C． Four

D． Five

（4）Which sentence describes Matt and Alice' s point of view（观点）of studying for tests？　　

A． Students will focus on studying for test better

B． Students will be more creative while studying

C． Students will be more active in and after class．

D． Students will forget the information after tests．

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In the middle of my home country there are very large places．They are hot and dry land called deserts．（46）　　 Families live a long way from other people．Sometimes they are the only people for

thousands of kilometres．（47）　　

About 65 years ago these people found that using strong radios was a possible way for families living

far away to communicate with each other．They decided they could use the radios for school．In this way，children could talk to each other like at school．（48）　　

The children each spent about 30 minutes a day on the radio．They talked to their teacher about their

work and difficulties．The teacher designed some exercises and tasks based on what they learned and posted them to the children．After finishing their work，the children sent it back to their teacher to mark．（49）　　 He tried to visit each child twice each year．This was sometimes difficult．The journey was

very long and could be dangerous．In addition，the school held camps once a year．The children could

all meet each other and shared their learning experience．

（50）　　The government provides families with computers so that the children can use the Internet to talk to their teachers and classmates by e﹣mail now．The teachers enjoy their work very much because they get to know the children and their families very well．It is an interesting way to learn，don't you

think？

A．The teacher also travelled around the country．

B．All over the deserts are farms and small towns．

C．This was how the first"School of the Air"started．

D．This families'children cannot go to school like you．

E．With the development of technology，computers are becoming popular．

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People can't see you when you're speaking on the phone，but they can hear you．So，the way you

speak is especially important．In fact，researchers have calculated that 80% of communication over the

phone is through your tone of voice； and only 20% is from the words you use．Here are our top tips on

how to speak over the phone．

1．Facial Expressions

Your facial expression can influence your voice．For example，if you smile，your voice will sound warm and friendly，just the opposite，if you have an angry look on your face，it can make you sound unpleasant．

2．Volume

If you speak too loudly，you could sound angry．And if you speak too softly，it'll be difficult to hear you．So，speak loudly enough to be heard clearly，but not so loud that you're shouting．

3．Pace

The pace of your voice is how quickly you speak．And this can show how you feel．For example，an angry person might speak faster than normal．Or a downhearted person might speak very slowly．Try speaking a little more slowly than normal．This will make you sound confident，and it'll make it easier for the other person to understand you．

4．Gestures

Gesturing can influence the tone of your voice．When you gesture，you bring more air into the lungs，which can make your voice sound warmer．Gestures are also useful to help you stress the right words or even find the words you need．The best thing about gesturing during a phone call is that no one can see what you're doing，so you can gesture as wildly as you like!

5．Movement

If you're feeling nervous，stand up and move around．It will reduce the nervousness in your body and help your voice to sound more confident．

6．Pauses （停顿）

Using pauses every now and then can help you to slow down．This will make you sound more confident and in control．Also，if you pause after giving some new information，it'll give the other person time to understand it．At the same time，listen to how the other person uses pauses．They could tell you something about the speaker's feeling．For example，when a speaker is really angry，he might use pauses and says，"I…am…so…angry…"

41．How much of telephone communication is from the words you use？　　

A.20%．

B.40%．

C.60%．

D.80%．

42．What can people do to reduce their nervousness on the phone？　　

A．Gesture wildly．

B．Move around．

C．Raise their voices．

D．Make facial expressions．

43．How can pauses help people talk on the phone？　　

A．The speaker can show he is friendly．

B．The speaker can tell more information．

C．The listener will feel confident and in control．

D．The listener will have time to understand the words．

44．What is the passage mainly about？　　

A．How to control the speed of your speech．

B．Different good ways of talking on the phone．

C．Reasons of making gestures while talking．

D．How to improve communication among friends．

45．What is the writer's opinion about telephone talk？　　

A．Your voice on the phone will show what you're feeling．

B．Using too many pauses while talking will annoy others．

C．Speaking loudly makes it easier for others to understand you．

D．The words you use are more important than the way you speak．

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Libraries

Public libraries

Most towns in Britain have a public library．A library usually has a large selection of books and other resources，which library me mbers can use and borrow for free．

Britain's First Public Library

The first public library in Britain opened in Manchester in1852．It's first librarian was a man called Edward Edwards，Edwards attended the library's opening ceremony and two famous writers called Charles Dickens and William Thackeray were there too．

How to Join aLibrary

To join a library，go to your local library and fill in a form．you'll receive a library card which is needed when using library services．

Mobile Libraries

Not everyone can get a library．Some people live far away from towns and cities．Other people find it difficult to go out because they have an illness or a disability．Thanks to mobile libraries，these people can still borrow books．

Unlike most libraries，which store books in buildings，mobile libraries usually keep their books in a mini﹣bus．The back of the mini﹣bus has shelves for the books，and it is big enough for borrowers to step inside and look around．A driver takes the mini﹣bus to a certain place at a certain time，so people know when to expect it．

They can then return their books and borrow some more．

All Aboard the Library

A school in London didn't have space for a library inside the building．However，everybody agreed that it

was still important to have a school library．So the head of the school，Graham Blake decided to park an old bus on the school car park and changed it into a library．Pupils helped to paint the bus，and after eight months，the new library was ready．

（1）Who was the first librarian of the first public library in Britain？　　

A．Charles Dickens．

B．William Thackeray．

C．Edward Edwards．

D．Graham Blake．

（2）Who can use public library services？　　

A．CD or DVD sellers．

B．Anyone living in Britain．

C．A person with a library card．

D．Newspaper or book writers．

（3）What is special about the mobile library？　　

A．Keeping books in buildings．

B．Returning books to readers．

C．Offering special services to pupils．

D．Going to a certain place at a certain time．

（4）Why did the school in London build its library on an old bus？　　

A．Because parents offered the school an old bus．

B．Because pupils thought it was fun to read on a bus．

C．Because the school didn't have enough money to buy books．

D．Because the school didn't have enough space inside the building．

（5）What can we learn from the passage？　　

A．Schools in London like mobile libraries．

B．Public library services in the UK are free．

C．People living far away can't use libraries．

D．Many famous British writers lived in Manchester．

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Tim Berners﹣Lee is not the most famous inventor in the world．However，his invention has changed

our lives．

He was born in London，England in 1955．When he was a small boy，Tim was interested in playing with electrical things．He studied science at Oxford University．He made his first computer from an old television at the age of 21．

Tim started working on early computers．At that time，they were much bigger than now．He worked in England then Switzerland．Tim was really interested in two things，computers and how the brain works．How could the brain connect so many facts so quickly？He had to work with people all over the world．They shared information about computers．It was hard to manage all the information．He answered the

same questions again and again．It took a lot of time．It was even difficult for computers in the same office in Switzerland to share information．Tim also forgot things easily．Could a computer work like a brain？Could it"talk"to other computers？

There was an Internet already but it was difficult to use．In 1989，Tim Berners﹣Lee invented the World Wide Web（WWW） all by himself．This had a special language that helped computers talk to each other on the Internet．When people wanted to share information with others，they used the World Wide Web．The Internet grew quickly after that．

Tim Berners﹣Lee doesn't think he did anything special．He says that all of the ideas about the Internet were already there．All he did was to put them together．He says that many other people worked together to make the Internet what it is today．

Most inventors want to become rich．But Tim gave away the World Wide Web for nothing．He now works in America．He helps people share technology and wants the Internet to be free for everyone to use．Maybe he is the most important but least famous inventor in the world today!

31．What was Tim Berners﹣Lee interested in？　　

A．Looking for jobs in different cities．

B．Talking to people around the world．

C．Studying how to connect computers．

D．Exploring how to improve memory．

32．The underlined word"It"in Paragraph 3 refers to"　　"．

A．Working on early computers

B．Connecting different facts together

C．Travelling to the office in Switzerland

D．Repeating the answers to the same questions

33．Why is Tim Berners﹣Lee one of the most important men in the world？　　

A．He made information sharing on the Internet possible．

B．He made the first computer when he was 21 years old．

C．He helped people understand better how the brain works．

D．He invented the Internet and made it free for everyone to use．

34．In what order did the following events take place？　　

a．Tim worked in England．b．Tim worked in Switzerland．c．Tim made his first computer．

d．Tim invented the World Wide Web．e．Tim studied science at Oxford University．

A．c﹣e﹣d﹣a﹣b

B．e﹣b﹣a﹣c﹣d

C．c﹣d﹣a﹣e﹣b

D．e﹣c﹣a﹣b﹣d

35．What does the writer think of Tim Berners﹣Lee？　　

A．He is not famous because he is not rich．

B．He has changed our lives and he is great．

C．He did nothing special but make people a good life．

D．He has made great achievements in memory research．

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