In the park，you see a group of people，all looking up at the sky． Without thinking about it， you look upwards， too． Why？ In the concert，someone begins to clap and suddenly the whole room joins in． You do， too． Why？
Sometimes we feel we are acting correctly when we do the same as others． The more people follow an idea， the better or truer we think the idea is． It's the social proof （社会认同感）that works．
The scientist Asch carried out an experiment． It shows how social proof can influence us． In a room， a man is shown Line 1，and next to it are three lines （A，B，C）． A is longer，C is shorter and B is as long as Line 1． He must tell which of the three lines is as long as Line 1． When the man is alone，he gives the correct answer B． Then， five other men enter the room， and each of them gives the answer C as they were told to． Now the man changes his idea and gives the answer C． Asch got the same result many times among different subjects （实验对象）．
Why do we act like this？Well，in the past， following others was a way to keep from danger．Suppose that 5000 years ago you were hunting （打猎） with friends．Suddenly，they all ran away．What would you have done？ Would you have stayed？ No，you would have run，too．We are descendants （后代） of those who copied others' action． It is so deeply planted in our mind that we still use it now．
Social proof has special power．The advertising industry，for example，often makes use of it．So be careful whenever a company says its product is "the most popular"．
（1）At the beginning of the passage， the writer leads in the topic by ．
A．telling a story
B．giving examples
C．answering questions
D．showing a map
（2）According to Paragraph 3， the experiment by Asch shows ．
A．following others is always right
B．social proof may change people's ideas
C．it's difficult to carry out the experiment
D．people can study better if they are alone
（3）The underlined word "It" in Paragraph 4 refers to ．
A．running with others
B．hunting with friends
C．copying others' action
D．doing something different
（4）According to the passage，we can infer （推断）that ．
A．it's important to run with others anytime
B．products in the advertisement are the best
C．we mustn't copy others' action to keep safe
D．we need to think twice before following others
My sister and I are very different. When people meet us both, they are always surprised to learn that we are sisters. This is because we don’t look like each other we have different personalities, and our lifestyles are different.
Do you resemble your brother or sister? My sister and I don’t resemble each other at all. I am tall, but she is very short. I have short dark brown hair and green eyes. She has long blonde hair and blue eyes. I am strong, but she is not. I have big hands and feet, her hands and feet are very small. When we were kids, she was thin, but I was heavy. Now we are both heavy.
We also have opposite personalities. She is always stressed out. I am calmer and more outgoing. She is very worried about what other people think and say about her, but I really don’t care. When she has a problem, she just worries about it. But when I have a problem, I try to fix（解决）it. She easily gets angry, especially（尤其是）with our mother. But I am more patient（耐心的）.
Our lifestyles are very different. I love old things and hardly ever go shopping. But she goes shopping twice or more a week. I have cats. She has a dog. I read. She watches TV.When people meet the writer and her sister, they are always surprised to learn
The writer and her sister are different in ways.
The writer’s sister has hair.
The writer’s sister is very worried about about her.
Do the write and her sister have the same personalities?
Find the topic sentence of the passage and copy it down. （找出文章的主题句并抄写下来）
Translate the underlined sentence into Chinese. （将划线的句子翻译成中文）
The underlined word “heavy” in the passage means in English.
I think it’s fun to have twin friends.
I have two friends. They are twin brothers. Their names are Jimmy and Simmy. They look the same and a lot of people can’t tell（分辨）them. They both have brown hair and blue eyes, and they always wear jeans and T – shirts.
They like wearing the same clothes, and they like doing the same things, too. For example, they both like pop music, playing basketball and computer games. They play basketball every Saturday. They hope to play computer games every night, but their mother says they can’t because they have a lot of homework to do.
They are twins, but they aren’t the same in every way. For example, Jimmy works hard at school, but Simmy doesn’t. Jimmy is much calmer than Simmy, but Simmy is more athletic than Jimmy.
| A．Jimmy and Simmy | B．Jimmy and Tommy |
| C．Tommy and Jim | D．Jim and Tom |
| A．listening to the same music, studying hard. |
| B．wearing the same clothes, doing the same things |
| C．wearing different clothes, doing the same things |
| D．wearing the same clothes, doing different things |
| A．Because they don’t have a computer in their home |
| B．Because they don’t like playing computer games |
| C．Because they have to do their homework |
| D．Because they want to play basketball |
| A．more athletic, calmer |
| B．calmer, more popular |
| C．calmer, athletic |
| D．calmer, more athletic |
Three students are giving their opinions about what a good friend should be like.
| Cindy |
I think a good friend should be honest（诚实的）.That’s more important than any other thing. And it is where a real friendship starts. If a friend isn’t honest, he may lose his friends’ trust. |
| Jerry |
I think a good friend has to be generous（慷慨的）. Here being generous doesn’t mean he has to give his friends his lunch money or his clothes. It means he should share his ideas and feelings with his friends. In fact, his friends can know him better in this way. |
| Mary |
In my opinion, a good friend should understand his friends. When there’s something wrong between him and his friends, he must put himself in his friends’ place and think more for his friends. |
| A．To be honest is the most important. |
| B．To be honest is as important as other things |
| C．To be honest is not very important. |
| D．Honest people get more things than others. |
| A．夸奖 | B．批评 | C．理解 | D．信任 |
| A．give him lunch money |
| B．know him very well |
| C．tell him their ideas and feelings |
| D．give him some clothes |
| A．often visit each other |
| B．often go to different places |
| C．understand each other |
| D．help each other |
| A．The three people are talking about what they think a good friend should be like. |
| B．Cindy thinks to be honest is the base(基础) of a good friendship. |
| C．Mary would like to make friends with people who think more for others. |
| D．Being generous means being very clever. |
Mr and Mrs Green live in a big city (城市), and one summer they go to the country (农村) for their holiday. They enjoy it very much, because it is a quiet (安静的), clean place.
One day，they are going for a walk in the morning and they meet an old man. He lives on a farm (农场) and he is sitting in the warm sun in front of his house. Mr Green asks him, “Do you like to live in this place?”
The old man says, “Yes，I do.” Mr Green asks again, “What are the good things about it?” The old man answers, “Well，the people here know each other. They often come and visit me，and I often go and visit them. And there are also lots of children here.”
Mr Green says, “That’s very interesting. But what are the bad things?”
The old man thinks and thinks and then says, “Well, the same things, really!” Mr and Mrs Green the country very much, because it is a quiet, clean place.
| A．like | B．dislike |
| C．leave | D．ask about |
One day when they are walking in the country, they meet .
| A．an old woman | B．a young man |
| C．a young woman | D．an old man |
The old man .
| A．doesn’t like the country |
| B．likes the country |
| C．doesn’t like Mr and Mrs Green |
| D．likes Mr and Mrs Green |
The people in that place are very .
| A．old | B．quiet |
| C．nice | D．clever |
The old man thinks before he answers the last question.
| A．quickly (迅速地) | B．quietly |
| C．badly | D．hard |
People eat different things in different parts of the world.
In some countries, people eat rice every day. Sometimes they eat it two or three times a day for breakfast, lunch and supper. They eat rice with meat, fish and vegetables.
Some people do not eat some kinds of meat. Muslims (穆斯林)，for example, do not eat pork.
Japanese eat lots of fish. They are near the sea. So it is easy for them to get fish.
In some western countries such as Britain, Australia and the USA, the most important food is bread and potatoes. People there can cook potatoes in many different ways.
Some people eat only fruit and vegetables. They do not eat meat or fish or anything from animals. They only eat food from plants (植物). Some people say that food from plants is better than meat. These people are called vegetarians.What does the underlined word “vegetarians” mean in Chinese?
| A．肉食主义者 | B．生食主义者 |
| C．果食主义者 | D．素食主义者 |
do not eat pork.
| A．Chinese | B．Japanese |
| C．Muslims | D．Americans |
Why do Japanese eat lots of fish?
| A．Because they like fish better than the other food. |
| B．Because it is easy for them to get fish. |
| C．Because fish can give them lots of calories. |
| D．Because they think eating fish can make them clever. |
What is the most important food in Australia?
| A．Fish. | B．Bread. |
| C．Vegetables. | D．Fruit. |
Which one of the following sentences is true?
| A．People in different countries eat different food. |
| B．If you only eat food from animals, you are a vegetarian. |
| C．Food from animals is better than food from plants. |
| D．People in some western countries can only cook potatoes in one way. |
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