We all do it． We all need it． Most of us need to do it for seven to nine hours a night， It is of course sleep． Many scientists believe that an average adult should get eight hours sleep per night． However， some people can live without feeling sleepy after as little as six hours of sleep． Yet， other people need about ten hours a night． Newborn babies usually sleep between 14 to 17 hours a day． Usually they only stay awake for one to three hours．
Do you take a nap in the day？ Some adults and children need to nap． This just depends on the person． One thing scientists have learned is that man is the only mammal that stops himself from going to sleep． This can be bad for our bodies in many ways． Scientists believe not sleeping enough can make us eat more and put on weight． That's right! A hormone called leptin falls when we don't sleep enough and this makes us hungrier． Hopefully you are a good sleeper and get a good night's rest tonight!
average 平均 mammal 哺乳动物 hormone 荷尔蒙
（1）Most people need to sleep for per night．
A． 6 hours
B． 8 hours．
C． 10 hours．
（2）What does the underlined word "nap" mean in Chinese？
A． 打盹
B． 深睡眠
C． 加餐
（3）What can we tell according to the passage？
A． Enough sleep can make us eat more．
B． A dog can stop itself from going to sleep．
C．A hormone goes down when we haven't enough sleep．
请认真阅读下面短文，并根据短文内容回答问题．
（1）Why did Stephen and Andersen have the charity walk？
（2）Which state did they start off from？
（3）Where did they sleep during the journey？
（4）What do you think of Dimitri Olympidis？
（5）How would you like to help with charity work？（请自拟一句话作答）
"Will you come with us，Susan？"cried several girls．"We are going to the woods，do come，too．"
"I should like to go with you，"replied Susan，"but I can't finish the task Grandmother set me to do．"
"How boring it must be to stay at home to work on a holiday！"said one of them，shaking her head．"Susan's grandmother is too strict．"
At this，Susan lowered her head，wiped away a tear，and thought of the pleasant afternoon the girls would spend gathering wild flowers．
Soon she said to herself，"What harm can there be in moving the mark Grandmother put？The woods must be beautiful today，and how I should like to be there！"
"Grandmother，"said she，a few minutes afterwards，"I'm ready now．"
"What，so soon，Susan？"Her grandmother took the work，and looked at it very closely．
"True，Susan，"said she，"true，I have counted it，and，as you've never deceived（欺骗）me，you may go and enjoy yourself．"
Susan's face turned red，and she did not say"thank you"．As she left，she walked slowly away，not singing as usual．
"Why，here is Susan！"the girls cried．"But what is the matter？ Why have you left your dear grandmother？"they jokingly added．
"It's nothing．"As Susan replied，she felt she was trying to deceive herself．
When the girls had reached an open space，they ran about enjoying themselves except Susan．Sitting on the grass，how she wished she were at home confessing（承认） her fault．
After a while Rose cried out，"Let's make a crown of violets，and put it on the head of the best girl here．"
"It will be easy enough to make the crown．but not so easy to decide who is to wear it，"said Julia．
"Why，Susan is to wear it，of course，"said Rose，"is she not said to be the best girl in school and the most obedient（顺从的） at home？"
"Yes，yes，the crown shall be for Susan，"cried the other girls．
"Now，Susan，"said Rose，"put it on in a very careful way，for you are to be our queen．"
The crown was placed on Susan's head．But in a moment，she snatched it off，threw it on the ground and said，"No crown for me；I do not deserve（值得）it．"
The girls looked at her with surprise，"I have deceived my grandmother，"said she，while tears flowed down her cheeks．
"Do you think that bad？"asked one of the girls．
"I'm sure it is and I have been miserable all the time I have been here．"
Susan ran home，as soon as she saw Grandmother，she cried，" O Grandmother！I should be punished，for I moved the mark．Do forgive me；I am very sorry and unhappy．"
"Susan，"said her grandmother，"I knew it all the time，but I let you go out，hoping that you can realize your fault．I am so glad that you have confessed your fault．"
"When shall I be your own little girl again？"
"Now！"was the quick reply，and Susan's grandmother kissed her forehead．
（1）Which is the correct order of the things below？
a．The girls made a crown of violets in the woods．
b．Susan said sorry to Grandmother for her fault．
c．Susan's grandmother set her to do the work．
d．The girls invited Susan to play in the woods．
e．Susan threw the violet crown on the ground．
A．c﹣d﹣a﹣e﹣b
B．c﹣b﹣d﹣a﹣e
C．d﹣b﹣a﹣e﹣c
D．a﹣e﹣c﹣d﹣b
（2）According to the passage，we can see Susan's grandmother ．
A．was always very strict with Susan
B．didn't know Susan was lying at first
C．could think about Susan's feelings
D．still didn't forgive Susan in the end
（3）The meaning of the underlined word"miserable"is close to ．
A．surprised
B．excited
C．regretful
D．cheerful
（4）Which can be the best title for this passage？
A．A pleasant afternoon trip
B．No crown for me
C．A kind﹣hearted grandmother
D．A deserving crown for me
Don't Let Anxiety Hold You Back from Living Your Dreams
Anxiety is the state of feeling nervous，worried or fearful．When you're anxious，you may feel something bad is going to happen．
When you think of starting a new project or going into a group situation with people you don't know，do you feel butterflies in your stomach？Do you come up with lots of reasons not to do fun but risky things like joining a hiking club or a volunteer organization？ If these happen，it shows that you are probably anxious，and your anxiety will stop you from going after your dreams．Actually，anxiety feeds on avoidance and makes you less confident，while getting started and taking action help your anxiety go down．But where do you begin？
These suggestions below will let you be the master of your anxiety，rather than letting it master you．
◆ Don't wait for your anxiety to go down
Your anxiety won't go down on its own．However，when you take action towards your goals instead of considering what anxiety you have，you will build self﹣efficacy（自我效能）little by little﹣you begin to see yourself as someone who can take action and be successful even when you're feeling anxious．
◆ Set a realistic goal that makes sense for you
We all have different personalities and preferences．We don't all want to be lawyers，have hundreds of friends，or run marathons．Whatever you want，just figure out what is the simplest thing you can do to get started．Set your goal specifically，for example，"walk for 20 minutes three times next week"．You can't climb a mountain all at once and you're more likely to achieve your goal with inside motivation（动机）than when you're just trying to please others．
◆ Trust the process（过程）
Faith（信仰）is the first step to take action．Even if you don't have faith to begin with，faith will come if you just take that first step．The more you take action，the more likely you are to have some successes and begin to trust the process．I often start writing a blog post not knowing exactly what I 'm going to write．Now I've understood that if I share messages with my readers sincerely，then the content will appear naturally and anxiety will reduce slowly．
◆ …
（1）When you"feel butterflies in your stomach"，you may feel ．
A．successful
B．humorous
C．lonely
D．fearful
（2）Which situation shows that you may feel anxious？
A．Gettig into a group situation with your friends．
B．Making an excuse for not doing a risky activity．
C．Being willing to work as a community volunteer．
D．Feeling confident to join the school hiking club．
（3）From the passage we know that ．
A．Avoidance makes anxiety stronger and stronger
B．Anxiety can help you build self﹣efficacy gradually
C．You should achieve your goal by pleasing others
D．Faith won't come even if you begin to take action
（4）What is the fourth suggestion probably about？
A．Anxiety will prevent you from living your dream．
B．Anxiety will make you worry about bad situations．
C．You should cheer for yourself to control anxiety．
D．You should set a meaningful goal to get started．
A TV program"National Treasure"has become a huge hit since last December． It is another cultural TV program on CCTV that has ever had wonderful successes in China，after the"Chinese Character Dictation Competition"in 2013，the"Chinese Idiom Competition"in 2014，the"Chinese Riddle Competition"in 2016，and the"Chinese Poetry Competition"in 2017．
The TV program has ten episodes（集）． Across them，a total of 27 national treasures from nine major Chinese museums were presented．The program brings these relics （古物）to life and displays their unique beauty through different artistic methods． The opening episode showed three of China's finest cultural treasures from the Palace Museum in Beijing．Famous actors Li Chen，Wang Kai and Tony Leung played the"national treasure guardians"of each item．They told not only the mysteries behind the treasures but also their own stories about them．
Li Chen plays Emperor Huizong of the Song Dynasty，and tells the history of a precious painting"A Panorama of Rivers and Mountains"by Wang Ximeng from the Song Dynasty．
Wang Kai，acting as Emperor Qianlong（1711﹣1799）of the Qing Dynasty（1644﹣1911），presented the historical background of"Large Vase with Variegated Glazes"．The vase has 17 kinds of glaze（釉）and 12 paintings，and had to be re﹣fired several times in its production．During the rule of Qianlong，China's porcelain（制瓷的）techniques were the finest in the world．
Hong Kong actor Tony Leung is the national treasure guardian of the 23﹣hundred﹣year﹣old stone drum and plays Sima Guang（1019﹣1086）from the Northern Song Dynasty．Sima Guang and his father Sima Chi worked hard to find the real stone drums and protected them in the past．
"As a culture show，‘National Treasure'aims to bring history to life．We want our viewers to feel that the cultural relics are like people and that they have their own personalities and lives，"said Yu Lei，producer of the program，"people's interest in culture as well as the tradition and workmanship of the Chinese nation has become a trend（潮流）．This has encouraged us to better promote（弘扬）our fine culture．We hope through the program，more and more people will go into museums to enjoy the beauty of relics．"
（1）What type of TV show is "National Treasure"？
A．A culture show．
B．A travel show．
C．A music show．
D．A chat show．
（2）What did Sima Guang do for protecting national treasures？
A．He told the mysteries behind the national treasures．
B．He painted"A Panorama of Rivers and Mountains"．
C．He re﹣fired"Large Vase with Variegated Glazes"several times．
D．He found and protected the real stone drums with his father．
（3）What can you learn from the passage？
A．The"Chinese Poetry Competition"became nationwide popular in 2013．
B．The Palace Museum presented three treasures from the Song Dynasty．
C．China's porcelain techniques were the finest in the world in the 17th century．
D．Nine major museums presented 27 national treasures in ten episodes．
（4）The purpose of the TV program"National Treasure"is to ．
①better promote Chinese fine culture
②tell viewers the relics don't have lives
③invite its viewers to play the roles of the guardians
④encourage more people to enjoy relics in museums
A．①②
B．②③
C．①④
D．③④
Do you know five of the smallest countries of the world are in Europe？ They're commonly known as the microstates．
Andorra
It's in the Mount Pyrenees，which separates France and Spain．It is about 470 square kilometers and has a population of about 70， 000．While Andorrans make up only about one﹣third of the population，almost half are Spanish and the rest are Portuguese and French．The official language is Catalan．
Liechtenstein
It is a principality．Its area of 160 square kilometers is home to 33，000 people who speak mostly German．There is great skiing here．
San Marino
As one of the world's oldest republics，it covers an area of 61 square kilometers．It has a population of about 28，000 and they speak Italian there．Tourism is the main industry，but banking，clothing，wine，and cheese are also important to the country．
Monaco
It is located（位于）on the Mediterranean Sea along the coast of France，not far from the Italian border．It has a population of 32，000 and is only 2 square kilometers！It is the world's most densely（密集的）populated country！Many wealthy people choose to live here．Most of them are French or Italian．
Vatican City
Known as Roman Catholic Church，Vatican City is the world's smallest country，measuring only 0． 44 square kilometers．Surprisingly，it is located in Rome，the capital city of Italy．Although it is home to only 890 citizens，3，000 people from Rome work here every day．Millions of tourists visit each year to see its buildings and famous artwork．
（1）How many Spanish are in Andorra？
A．About 70，000．
B．About 23，000．
C．About 35，000．
D．About 12，000．
（2）Which country does the number ②in the picture refer（指）to？
A．Andorra．
B．Liechtenstein．
C．San Marino．
D．Monaco．
（3）Which of the following is true according to the passage？
A．Skiing is very popular in Liechtenstein．
B．Banking is the main industry of San Marino．
C．Liechtenstein has fewer people than San Marino．
D．Vatican City，the capital city of Italy， is in Rome．
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