When it comes to long， distance space travel， the biggest， problem is that spaceships can only get as far as the fuel onboard allows． In 1964， a British writer Clarke came up with the idea of "solar sailing" in his science fiction． He wrote of large， mirror﹣like sails that collect power from the sun and free spaceships from the limitation of fuel．
This sci﹣fi idea was first successful brought to reality in 2010 by Japan's IKAROS satellite．Ever since then， the technology has improved mission by mission， with the latest being NASA's Advanced Composite Solar Sail 3（ACS3）． NASA has recently announced that it's going to team up with Lithuania's satellite﹣building company NanoAvionics to test its new sail ﹣in low﹣Earth orbit．
To many， a solar sail may look like a giant solar panel， but it actually works very differently．While solar panels take in energy from the sun and change it into power， solar sails use Photons given off by the sun to create direct power． Besides， solar panels are big and heavy to carry， while solar sails are just the opposite．
According to Abbott， the CEO of NanoAvionics， the upcoming low﹣Earth orbit trial with NASA， if successful， will be followed with deep﹣space missions that involve larger solar sails． Theseare ideal for low﹣cost and long﹣distance space travel because fuel will no longer be a problem．
"It started as a sci﹣fi dream，" Popular Mechanics reporter Jennifer Leman wrote． "Now it could be the future of space flight．"
（1）What can we say about solar sailing according to the first two paragraphs？
| A． |
It was widely used in space travel． |
| B． |
It was tried by IKAROS satellite． |
| C． |
It was from the creative idea by Clarke． |
（2）Which of the following words best describe solar sails compared with solar panels？
| A． |
Big and heavy． |
| B． |
Small and light． |
| C． |
Powerful and large． |
（3）What does the underlined word Thesein paragraph 4 refer to？
| A． |
À． Larger solar sails． |
| B． |
Deep﹣space missions． |
| C． |
Long﹣distance space flights． |
（4）What is the best title for the text？
| A． |
Solar Sail： the Latest Technology |
| B． |
Solar Sail： from Dream to Reality |
| C． |
Solar Sail： a New Kind of Spaceship |
A
Stress (压力) is everywhere in our everyday life. Men, women, the young and the old sometimes have stress.
The most important reasons of stress are: death, diseases, exams, making money, changing jobs, ending friendships and so on.
How do you know whether you have stress? Could you give your answers to the following questions?
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Yes |
No |
| Do you easily get angry? |
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| Do you often sleep badly? |
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| Do you get headaches a lot? |
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| Do you take sleeping pills? |
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| Do you find it difficult to relax? |
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| Do you smoke and drink a lot to keep quiet? |
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| Do you find it difficult to put your heart into something? |
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If you answer “Yes” to more than two of these questions, you are one of those people with stress. So what can you do about it?
Doing relaxing exercise, talking with friends and listening to light music are all usual ways relieving (减轻) stress. However, doctors now say that there are easier ways — people should laugh and smile more often. When you laugh and smile, your body relaxes. They also say that people, especially men, should cry more often, because crying is the natural way of relieving stress.Which of the followings is NOT one of the most important reasons of stress according to the passage?
| A．Taking exams. | B．Taking sleeping pills. |
| C．Making money. | D．Ending friendships. |
What’s the easier way to relax your body?
| A．Talking with friends. | B．Doing relaxing exercise. |
| C．Laughing, smiling and crying. | D．Listening to music. |
The main idea of the passage is about _________.
| A．a survey of people with stress |
| B．the reasons for having stress |
| C．who has stress easily |
| D．stress and how to relieve your stress |
Rivers are one of our most important natural resources (资源). Many of the world's great cities are located(坐落) on rivers, and almost every country has at least one river running through it that plays an important role in the lives of its people.
Since the beginning of the history, people have used rivers for transportation(运输). The longest one in the United States is the Mississippi. The lifeline of Egypt is the Nile. To the people of India, the Gangs is great, but it is also important for transportation; Ships can travel along it for a thousand miles. Other great rivers are the Congo in Africa and the Mekong in southeast Asia. The greatest of all for navigation (航海), however, is the Amazon in Brazil. It is so wide and so deep that large ships can go about two thousand miles upon it.
Besides transportation, rivers give food, water to drink, water for crops(庄稼), and chances for fun and entertainment for the people who live along their banks. In order to increase(增加) the supply of crops, engineers sometimes build a dam (大坝) across a river and let a lake from behind the dam. Then people can use the water not only to irrigate (灌溉) their fields but also to make electricity for their homes and industries.
However, large cities and industries that are located upon rivers often make problems. As the cities grow in size and industries increase in number, the water in the rivers becomes polluted with chemicals(化学物质) and other materials. People are learning the importance, however, of doing more to keep their rivers clean if they want to enjoy the benefits (利益) of this natural resource.The greatest river for navigation is ___________.
| A．the Amazon | B．the Nile |
| C．the Mekong | D．the Mississippi |
From a dam, people can use the water for ___________.
| A．keeping the rivers clean | B．only making electricity |
| C．washing clothes | D．irrigation and making electricity |
The water in the river is polluted because of _____________.
| A．people's drinking water too much |
| B．people's swimming in the river too much |
| C．chemicals and other materials |
| D．people's building a dam across a river |
The best title of the passage is ___________.
| A．Rivers in Cities | B．The importance of Rivers |
| C．Transportation | D．Natural Resources |
It was a winter morning, just a couple of weeks before Christmas 2005. While most people were warming up their cars, Trevor, my husband, had to get up early to ride his bike four kilometers away from home to work. On arrival, he parked his bike outside the back door as he usually does. After putting in 10 hours of work, he returned to find his bike gone.
The bike, a black Kona 18 speed, was our only transport. Trevor used it to get to work, putting in 60-hour weeks to support his young family. And the bike was also used to get groceries（食品杂货），saving us from having to walk long distances from where we live.
I was so sad that someone would steal our bike that I wrote to the newspaper and told them our story. Shortly after that, several people in our city offered to help. One wonderful stranger even bought a bike, then called my husband to pick it up. Once again my husband had a way to get to and from his job. It really is an honor that a complete stranger(陌生人) would go out of their way for someone they have never met before.
People say that a smile can be passed from one person to another, but acts of kindness from strangers are even more so. This experience has had a spreading effect in our lives because it made our confidence in humanity（人性）stronger as a whole. And it has also influenced us to be more mindful(在意的) of ways we can share with others. No matter how big or how small, an act of kindness shows that someone cares. And the results can be continuing for ever.Why was the bike so important to the couple?
| A．They used it for work and daily life. |
| B．It was borrowed from their friend. |
| C．It was a nice Kona18 speed. |
| D．The man's job was bike racing. |
We can learn from the text that ________.
| A．the couple worked60 hours a week. | B．people were busy before Christmas |
| C．the stranger brought only the bike. | D．life was hard for the young family. |
How did people get to know the couple's problem?
| A．From radio broadcasts. | B．From a newspaper. |
| C．From TV news. | D．From a stranger. |
What do the couple learn from their experience?
| A．Strangers are usually of little help. |
| B．One should take care of their bike. |
| C．News reports make people famous. |
| D．An act of kindness can mean a lot. |
We talk every day. When we have good news, we like to share it with our good friends and when something terrible happens, we make it known to others soon. But can you imagine that a tree can talk and share news too? Of course, no tree moves lips and says words just as people do. Strange as it may sound, though, some trees do manage to communicate with each other.
Willow(柳树) trees are the best-known of these trees. When insects begin nibbling(叮咬) a willow tree, the tree sends out a special smell at once. This smell tells the other willows that harmful insects are coming near. All of them quickly make a chemical(化学物质) in their leaves. This chemical is bad to the insects. The insects do not like it and they fly away soon. In this way, the willow trees protect themselves from the insects.
The next time when you take a walk in the woods, maybe the trees are “talking” to each other quietly. And when someone says that trees cannot “talk”, please tell them that even trees give messages to each other, too.Willow trees send messages with _________.
| A．words | B．movements |
| C．smells | D．sounds |
The underlined word “lips” in the first paragraph means ________.
| A．树干 | B．嘴唇 |
| C．枝条 | D．手势 |
The passage tells us that some of the trees can ________.
| A．speak just as people do | B．tell stories to others |
| C．communicate with each other | D．kill insects in the woods |
According to the passage, the right order of the following is ________.
a. The willow tree gives out a smell.
b. The willow trees make a chemical in their leaves.
c. Insects fly away because of the chemical.
d. Insects begin nibbling a willow tree.
| A．d-a-b-c | B．d-b-a-c |
| C．a-b-c-d | D．d-c-b-a |
A
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I am Alice. I like We chat. It is fast, convenient and fashionable. And you can use it for free. It can be used in my mobile phone. It has hold-to-talk voice messaging function. I am a fan of Leehom Wang. Through We chat, Leehom Wang often says something to me. It’s amazing. |
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I am David. I love Micro blog. I update my Micro blog when I am free. We can share instant(即时的) messages with each other. I often look through Yao Chen’s Micro blog. She has many followers. I make many friends with them. I often write something on my Micro blog, for example, “I’m in blue today. I didn’t pass the exam.” Then many friends comfort me. I share my birthday party, my new phone, my new coat, etc. with my friends. It is fun. |
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I’m Lily. I don’t like We chat or Micro blog. I don’t believe them. There are so many crimes(愚蠢行为) on We chat. Many people are cheated(欺骗) because they believe in other people they meet on We chat easily. It is not a real world. As to Micro blog, I don’t think it is a good way to make friends. And you should write something no more than 140 words. I like keeping diaries. I don’t want my secrets known by others. I am a low-key(低调的) girl. |
Who loves Micro blog?
| A．Alice. | B．David. |
| C．Lily. | D．Leehom Wang. |
What does Alice think about We chat?
| A．It’s fast and convenient. | B．It’s fashionable but slow. |
| C．It’s safe and useful. | D．It’s fun but expensive. |
Why doesn’t Lily believe We chat?
| A．Because many people are cheated on We chat easily. |
| B．Because she doesn’t like to say anything to her friends. |
| C．Because she doesn’t think it is a good way to make friends. |
| D．Because she prefers keeping diaries to showing secrets to others. |
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