No matter which yurt（蒙古包）you happen to visit，you will find that as soon as the Mongolian（蒙古的）people hear your footsteps，they will go out and gives you a big welcome．To show the welcome，they will place their right hands on their chests（胸部）and bow down lightly．With "How are you？"，they let you in．Usually，the host will let men guests sit on the left and women guests on the right，while he himself sits in the middle．When you take your seats，milk tea and different kinds of milk products will be served at once．After a while，a special course will be ready for you，which is finger mutton（羊肉）．It is eaten with hands and knives instead of chopsticks．At the same time，the host will give you a had a（a long piece of silk as a greeting gift）and a cup of local wine（酒）．
All the people on the grassland，men and women，old and young， can sing folk songs．When they toast their guests，they will sing folk songs to show their kindness and welcome．They will also play a kind of musical instrument．People call it a horse﹣head﹣shaped instrument because of its shape．
76．Where do the men guests sit in the yurt？
77．When does the host serve his guests milk tea and milk products？
78．Is finger mutton eaten with knives or chopsticks？
79．Why do Mongolians sing and play the instrument while toasting
their guests？
80．What does the musical instrument look like？
How would we travel without maps? It would be a bit adventurous (冒险的) to set off from Oxford University to go to London Bridge if there wasn't a map of the London Underground at each station. In fact, a lot of the early map-makers were adventurers and explorers, especially in the 15th and 16th centuries.
So what did people do before there were maps? Well, it was quite easy to use natural signs like mountains and rivers if you were travelling on foot or riding a horse. People took small boats down rivers and followed coastlines. And it was much more logical (合理的) to use time, not distance, to measure (计量) journeys: the next village is a three-hour ride, for example.
In fact, in the earliest maps, people didn't draw landmarks. They drew the stars. It was very easy to see the night sky and use it for navigation (航行). The sky was a lot clearer before the light pollution from cities that we have today. When towns and cities were built, people drew road maps which gave correct distances and directions.
The London Underground was opened in 1863 and it also used a road map style. But a man called Henry Beck realized that travelling by train wasn't the same as driving your car across London. Passengers only needed to know which stations to change at. His new design (设计) for the Underground map wasn't very popular with the train companies at first. But the passengers loved it and in 1933, 700,000 copies were printed.
These days, of course, you can ride a bike, drive a car or go through a forest and know where you are exactly, using a GPS. It's really difficult to get lost!What was drawn in the earliest maps?
| A．Stars. | B．Landmarks. |
| C．Cities and towns, | D．Mountains and rivers. |
When did road maps come out?
| A．Around 15th and 16th centuries. |
| B．When people began to travel by train. |
| C．When people began to travel by sea. |
| D．When cities and towns appeared. |
Which of the following is true?
| A．A GPS helped people to travel long time ago. |
| B．Ancient people could travel on a horse without maps. |
| C．The sky was polluted by light before cities were built. |
| D．Henry Beck's map wasn't popular with the passengers. |
What is the main idea of the passage?
| A．Maps have a long history. |
| B．We never get lost these days. |
| C．We can't travel without maps. |
| D．Henry Beck designed a new map. |
Every morning, the newspaper chief editor（主编）holds a meeting with the reporters. They discuss the main events of the day. Reporters are then sent to cover the events.
As soon as the reporters know what to write about, they get down to work. They telephone people and fix a time for a face-to-face interview with them. Sometimes they do telephone interviews. Checking information is very important. They go to the newspaper’s own library to look up any information that they need. This is called “doing one’s homework”.
At the same time, the picture editor decides which photographs will be used for the next day’s paper. All the people who work on a newspaper must be able to work fast. Reporters have to stop working on one story and start working at once on the important new one. They must find out the new information as quickly as possible. Later in the day, everything is put together at the news desk. Reporters return, type their stories into the computer and hand them to the editor.
The chief editor decides which will be the most important story on the front page. Sometimes this will have to be changed if something more important happens late in the day. Other editors read the stories which the reporters have written and make any necessary changes.
Finally, there is no more time left for adding new stories, and the time for printing（印刷） the newspaper has come. This is done on fast-moving printing machines. The newspapers are then delivered（发送） by truck, plane or rail. Speed is important. People want to buy the latest newspaper; nobody wants to buy yesterday’s.What is the work in a newspaper office like?
| A．Interesting and confusing |
| B．Important and patient. |
| C．Particular and necessary. |
| D．Fast and busy. |
According to the passage, the right order for a reporter’s work is ____________.
a. writing stories
b. doing interviews
c. joining in a discussion
d. doing homework
e. handing stories to the editor
| A．c,b,a,d,e | B．c,d,e,a,b |
| C．c,b,d,a,e | D．c,a,d,b,e |
The front page contents（内容） are decided by ___________.
| A．the importance of the events |
| B．how well the stories are written |
| C．the knowledge of the chief editor |
| D．whether they are the latest |
The best title for this passage is “____________”.
| A．How a newspaper is produced |
| B．How newspapers are delivered |
| C．What kind of papers readers like |
| D．Whose work is more important |
We are often asked to make a speech in life. Most of us are afraid of it and don't do a good job. Here are some simple steps to make your speech a successful one. First of all, find out everything you can about your subject and at the same time find out as much as you can about your audience. Who are they? What do they know about your subject? Put yourself in their shoes as you prepare your speech. Then try to arrange your material so that your speech is clear and easy to follow. Use as many examples as possible. Never forget your audience. Don't talk over their heads or talk down to them. When you are giving your speech, speak slowly and clearly, look at your audience and pause for a few seconds from time to time to give your audience chances to think over what you've said. Just remember: be prepared, know your subject and your audience, say what you have to say and be yourself so that your ideas will bring you and your audience together. During the course of a speech, it is not right for a speaker to ________.
| A．give a lot of examples |
| B．speak in a clear voice |
| C．take a short stop at times |
| D．think nothing of the audience |
What does the underlined word "pause" mean in the passage?
| A．Listen | B．Stop | C．Choose | D．Search |
"Put yourself in their shoes as you prepare your speech." means that while preparing your speech, you must________.
| A．think more about the audience |
| B．put your shoes away and put on theirs |
| C．try on their shoes to see if they fit you |
| D．wear the shoes in the same size as theirs |
Which title best gives the main idea of the passage?
| A．How to Improve Your Speech |
| B．How to Remember the Audience |
| C．How to Pick out the Topic for a Speech |
| D．How to Prepare the Material for a Speech |
Teenagers shouldn’t eat too much junk food.
Teenagers shouldn’t eat food with too much salt. Salt can cause high blood pressure in the future.
Teenagers should eat food with less fat, oil and sugar.
Teenagers need to eat some fruits and vegetables every day. Fruits and vegetates are rich in vitamins and have little fat.
Teenagers need to drink more milk. Milk will help their bones grow.
Teenagers need to eat breakfast every day. This is good for their bodies and minds. According to the doctors’ advice, what does junk food include?
| A．Milk and vitamins. |
| B．Fruits and sugar |
| C．Vegetables and salt. |
| D．Fat, oil , salt and sugar. |
In this passage, doctors thinks that teenagers should eat more .
| A．food with no vitamins | B．fat and sugar |
| C．Vegetables and fruits | D．salt and oil |
The best title for this passage is .
| A．Bad Habits. | B．Junk Food. |
| C．Unhealthy Food | D．Advice on Healthy Eating |
Getting recognization（认可）from National Geographic, a famous US magazine, is the dream for many photographers. A lucky Chinese teenage photographer has made this dream come true just after his 14th birthday last year.
With his work Qiangtoucao (Weed on the Wall), Gong Zijie, a student from Changsha, Hunan, won the 2014 International Photography Contest for Kids in China’s competition last year. It was hosted by National Geographic Kids. Gong got the first place in the Wild Vacation part. His photo shows the shadow (影子) of a weed (野草) on the Palace Museum’s red walls. In world-famous photographer Li Shaobai’s words, “The picture is silent, but it’s also powerful.” How did Gong make it? “I just saw the weed and found it lonely and helpless,” said Gong.
Gong learned photography from his father, a photographer working for Hunan TV. Since the age of 4, he has been following his father to learn to take pictures.
Gong is a patient photographer. When he views something valuable, he can spend hours waiting for the perfect time for the picture. Compared with beautiful sights, the young photographer is paying more attention to social topic. In Gong’s pictures of Liuyang River, hundreds of dead fish show us the deadly results of pollution. He has made up his mind to document polluted rivers at least once every year to focus more people’s eyes on the environment.
“Now photography is not only a hobby, but also a duty for me,” said Gong.Where did Gong Zijie take the photo named “Qiangtoucao”?
How did Li Shaobai like Gong’s photo in the passage?
What is Gong’s father?
How long has Gong learned photography?
Did Gong decide to document polluted rivers only once a year?
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