You may have heard of the American Dream, an ideal that has powered the hopes of Americans for generations.
It began as a belief that the US was a land of opportunity, and that anyone could achieve success through hard work. At times, the dream has referred to home ownership, a good job, retirement security or each generation doing better than the last.
Yet today, this concept seems to have greatly changed. As Time magazine pointed out, quite different from the older generation, many Millennials (the generation born after 1980) redefine(重新定义) the American Dream as “day-to-day control of your life”. They “prize job mobility, flexible schedules, any work that is more interesting than typing, and the ability to travel”, said the magazine.
Home ownership, once the cornerstone of the American Dream, is becoming a smaller priority for this generation. Meanwhile, nearly 40% of them choose travel as part of their dream. And entrepreneurship(创业) is a rising favorite, as nearly 26% of Millennials consider self-employment as part of their dream.
So what has led to this huge change?
Many point fingers at the poor economy. “Modern young Americans seem bound to face a world stamped by ever narrowing opportunity and social stagnation(停滞),”noted The Daily Beast.
“The rate of 16-to 24-year-olds out of school and out of work is unusually high at 15%. Many college graduates have taken jobs that don’t require a degree,” Time reported.
The magazine worries that these difficulties may lead to a lost generation who are “unable to ever truly find their feet on the corporation’s ladder”.
Dan Kadlec, a reporter of Time, sees Millennials as resetting their expectations. “This situation is different for young adults today,” he wrote. “A true American dream has to feel attainable, and many Millennias are feeling they can only attain a day-today lifestyle that suits them.”
What’s the passage mainly about?
| A．Meaning of American Dream |
| B．Redefinition of American Dream |
| C．Value of Achieving American Dream |
| D．History of Changing American Dream |
The underlined word “cornerstone” in Paragraph 4 is closest in meaning to “ ”.
| A．growth | B．balance |
| C．purpose | D．basis |
According to the passage, what has changed Millennials’ view of the American Dream?
| A．A lack of confidence in themselves |
| B．Fierce competition in the job market |
| C．The discouraging economy and unemployment |
| D．Their dissatisfaction with the government |
Dan Kadlec thinks Millennials’ new definition of the American Dream is ______.
| A．understandable | B．beautiful |
| C．worrying | D．Positive |
Since the gene, called DAF-16 in worms, was found in many animals and in humans, the finding could open up new ways to affect aging, immunity(免疫)and resistance in humans, the scientists said.
“We wanted to find out how normal aging is being governed by genes and what effect these genes have on other traits, such as immunity,” said Robin May of the University of Birmingham, who led the study.
Populations across the world are aging at a surprising pace, bringing potentially big challenges for health and social care systems. A study by Danish scientists last year found that half of babies born in the rich world today will live to celebrate their 100th birthdays. Scientists are eager to find out how people age to try to develop drugs to help them stay healthier as their lives extend.
“What we have found is that things like resistance and aging tend to go hand in hand,” May said in an interview.
May’s team compared longevity, stress resistance and immunity in four related species of worm. They also looked for differences in the activity of DAF-16 in each of the four species, and found that they were all quite distinct.
May said DAF-16 was active in most cells in the body and was very similar to a group of human genes called FOXO genes, which scientists believe play a role in the aging process.
“The fact that subtle（微妙的）differences in DAF-16 between species seem to have such an impact on aging and health is very interesting and may explain how differences in lifespan and related traits have arisen during evolution,” May said.
64. In which section may the text appear in a newspaper?
A. Education. B. Science. C. Entertainment. D. Culture.
65. What can we know from the third paragraph?
A. New ways have been found to affect aging. B. Babies in the rich world will all live longer.
C. Present social care systems are poorly managed.
D. Aging populations are causing more challenges.
66. From the text we know that DAF-16._________
A. is a gene that is only found in worms B. can make people live longer
C. has an effect on aging and immunity D. has been quite familiar to scientists
67. What can be the best title of the passage?
A. Scientists Find Gene Linked to Aging B. Population Aging Faster than Expected
C. How to Make People Live Longer D. Gene Determines How Long We Live
Suleman Dawood
S c h o o l o f B u s i n e s s
“Become a part of the community dedicated to excellence and knowledge creation.”
Lahore University of Management Science is a premier institution known for its academic excellence. It offers a diverse range of undergraduate, graduate and doctoral programs in the areas of management, computer science, computer engineering, economics, law and social science.
Suleman Dawood School of Business (SDSB) of the University is recognized as one of the most prestigious(有声望的)business schools in the region. SDSB offers programs at the graduate (MBA, EMBA) and the undergraduate (BSc Accounting and Finance) levels and also offers executive education. The school is now ready to launch a world-class PhD programme.
Faculty (全体员工) Positions Subject Areas
|
|
Why Join LUMS
|
Applicants should forward their letter of interest and detailed curriculum vitae（个人简历） with a passport size photograph to the following address:
Convener, SDSB Faculty Search Committee
Suleman Dawood School of Business
Lahore University of Management Science, Opposite Sector U, D.H.A. Lahore, Pakistan
Email: sdsbfacultyjobs@lums.edu.pk URL:www.lums.edu.pk
60. From the text, we can learn that .
A. SDSB is one of the schools in LUMS B. SDSB is known for its academic excellence
C. LUMS is one of the most famous business schools in the region
D. SDSB offers a diverse range of programs in the areas of management
61. Why does SDSB need faculty members?
A. The school is making an expansion thanks to some major sponsorship.
B. The faculty is recruited from the finest universities of the world.
C. The school needs state-of-art teaching and research facilities.
D. The school needs permanent and visiting faculty positions.
62. If you joined LUMS, you would .
A. supply chain management B. have high quality teacher intake
C. get a PhD from a reputed university
D. have the opportunity for professional growth and development
63. What type of article do you think this text is?
A. A news. B. A fiction. C. An advertisement. D. A notice.
It is very important for people to drink water in our everyday life. Many people believe they are supposed to drink eight glasses of water a day, or about two liters. Why? Because that is what they have been told all their life. But a recent report offers some different advice. Experts say people should obey their bodies; they should drink as much water as they feel like drinking. The report says most healthy people meet their daily needs for liquid by letting thirst be their guide. The report is from the Institute of Medicine, part of the National Academies. The report contains some general suggestions. The experts say women should get about 2.7 liters of water daily. Men should get about 3.7 liters. But wait——in each case, that is more than eight glasses. 
There is one important difference. The report does not tell people how many glasses of water to drink. In fact, the experts say it may be impossible to know how many glasses are needed to meet these guidelines. This is because the daily water requirement can include the water content in foods. People do not get water only by forcing themselves to drink a set number of glasses per day. People also drink fruit juices and sodas and milk. They drink coffee and tea. These all contain water. Yet some also contain caffeine. This causes the body to expel(排出)more water. But the writers of the report say this does not mean the body loses too much water.
As you might expect, the Institute of Medicine says people need to drink more water when they are physically active. The same is true of those who live in hot climates. Depending on heat and activity, people could need two times as much water as others do. All this, however, does not answer one question. No one seems sure why people have the idea that good health requires eight glasses of water daily.
It may have started with a misunderstanding. In 1945, the National Academy of Sciences published some guidelines. Its Food and Nutrition Board(营养膳食) said a good amount of water for most adults was 2.5 liters daily. This was based on an average of one milliliter(毫升)for each calorie of food eaten. But that was only part of what the board said. It also said that most of this amount is contained in prepared foods.
56. In experts’ opinion, every day a person should drink ____.
A. as much water as he can B. more than eight glasses of water
C. according to actual need for his body D. when he comes in sight of water
57. What is mainly described in the second paragraph?
A. People know about the daily water requirement.
B. People need water instead of all kinds of drink.
C. People get daily water not only from drinking.
D. People drink all kinds of drink every day.
58. Who might drink less water according to the third paragraph?
59. The main purpose of writing the texts is to _______.
A. make a good suggestion of drinking daily B. make clear the requirements to drink daily
C. tell the importance of drinking water daily D. figure out a good amount of water daily
Winter in the north is usually very cold and it is important to avoid colder-related injuries such as frostbite(冻伤) and hypothermia(体温降低)．Frostbite is damage that happens when skin is exposed to extreme cold for too long．It mainly happens on the hands，feet，nose，and ears and some will bring permanent damage．Hypothermia is a serious medical condition caused by serious cold．It happens when the body cannot produce as much heat as it loses．If not treated，it can be deadly．
The best way to avoid cold-related injuries is to be prepared for the outdoors．Here is a simple way to remember four basic steps to staying warm．Think of COLD．
The C stands for cover．Wear a hat and scarf to keep heat from escaping through the head，neck，and ears．And wear mittens instead of gloves．Mittens are a type of glove that does not have separate parts for each finger．Gloves may not keep hands as warm because they separate the fingers．
The O stands for overexertion(过分用力)．Avoid activities that will make you sweaty．Wet clothes and cold weather are a bad mix．
L is for layers．Wearing loose，lightweight clothes，one layer on top of another, is better than single heavy layer clothing．Also，make sure outerwear is made of water resistant and tightly knit material．
The last letter D stands for dry．In other words，stay as dry as possible．Pay attention to the places where snow can enter, like the tops of boots．the necks of coats and the wrist areas of mittens．
And there are a couple of other things to keep in mind，one for children and the other for adults．Eating snow might be fun but it lowers the body's temperature．And drinking alcohol might make a person feel warm，but what it really does is weaken the body's ability to hold heat．
67．Both frostbite and hypothermia ．
A．are injuries caused by extreme cold
B．may happen on the hands，feet，nose and ears
C．may cause uncontrollable shaking and slow breathing
D．may be deadly injuries
68．Mittens can keep your hands warmer than gloves because ．
A．they are thicker B．they are made of better materials
C．they don't separate your fingers D．they separate your fingers
69． can help you avoid cold-related injuries．
A．Trying your best to exercise until you get sweat
B．Wearing layers of loose，lightweight clothes
C．Drinking alcohol to make you feel warm
D．Wearing a single heavy layer of clothing
70．Overexertion should be avoided because ．
A．it may exhaust you B．it may make you hungry
C．it may make you sweat D．it may lower your body temperature
A Municipal Report(Adapted from a story by O．Henry)(Ⅱ)
Azalea Adair herself opened the door when I knocked．She was about 50 years old．Her white hair was pulled back from her small，tired face．She wore a pale yellow dress．It was old，but very clean．
Azalea Adair led me into her living room．A damaged table，three chairs and an old red sofa were in the center of the floor．
Azalea Adair and I sat down at the table and began to talk．I told her about the magazine's offer an she told me about herself．She was from an old southern family．Her father had been a judge．
Azalea Adair told me she had never traveled or even attended school．Her parents taught her at home with private teachers．We finished our meeting．I promised to return with the agreement the next day, and rose to leave．
At that moment，someone knocked at the back door．Azalea Adair whispered a soft apology and went to answer the caller．She came back a minute later with bright eyes and pink cheeks．She looked ten year younger．“You must have a cup of tea before you go，”she said．She shook a little bell on the table，and small black girl about twelve years old ran into the room．
Azalea Adair opened a tiny old purse and took out a dollar bill．It had been fixed with a piece of blue paper and the upper right hand comer was missing．It was the dollar I had given to Uncle Caesar．“Go to Mr．Baker's store，Impy ,”she said，“and get me 25 cents' worth of tea and ten cents' worth of sugar cakes． And please hurry．”
The child ran out of the room．We heard the back door close．Then the girl screamed．Her cry mixed with a man's angry voice．Azalea Adair stood up．Her face showed no emotion as she left the room．I heard the man's rough voice and her gentle one．Then a door slammed and she came back into the room．“I am sorry，but I won't be able to offer you any tea after all，” she said．“It seems that Mr．Baker has no more tea．Perhaps he will find some for our visit tomorrow．”
We said good-bye．I went back to my hotel．
Just before dinner, Major Wentworth Caswell found me．It was impossible to avoid him．He insisted on buying me a drink and pulled two one-dollar bills from his pocket．Again I saw a torn dollar fixed with blue paper, with a corner missing．It was the one I gave Uncle Caesar．How strange，I thought． I wondered how Caswell got it．
63．We can judge from her behavior that Miss Adair was ．
A．polite and elegant B．confident and determined
C．poor and miserable D．capable and hardworking
64．Adair seemed after coming back from the back door．
A．as calm as before B．sadder C．excited D．surprised
65．The angry man with a rough voice outside might be ．
A．Uncle Caesar B．Mr．Baker C．Caswell D．A stranger
66．When the narrator saw Caswell again at his hotel，he was surprised ．
A．that Caswell should find him
B．that Caswell insisted on buying him a drink
C．that Caswell pulled two one-dollar bills from his pocket
D．to find Caswell had the torn dollar bill with a comer missing
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