阅读理解阅读下列四篇短文，从每小题后所给的A、B、C、D四个

更新 2022-09-03
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阅读理解
阅读下列四篇短文，从每小题后所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该选项涂黑。
With only about 1, 000 pandas left in the world, China is desperately trying to clone(克隆) the animal and save the endangered species(物种). That’s a move similar to what a Texas A & M University researchers have been undertaking for the past five years in a project called “Noah’s Ark”.
Noah’s Ark is aimed at collecting eggs, embryos(胚胎), semen and DNA of endangered animals and storing them in liquid nitrogen（氮）. If certain species should become extinct, Dr. Duane Kraemer, a professor in Texas A & M’s College of Veterinary Medicine, says there would be enough of the basic building blocks to reintroduce the species in the future.
It is estimated that as many as 2,000 species of mammals, birds reptiles will become extinct in over 100 years. The panda, native only to China, is in danger of becoming extinct in the next 25 years.
This week, Chinese scientists said they grew an embryo by introducing cells from a dead female panda into the egg cells of a Japanese white rabbit. They are now trying to implant the embryo into a host animal.
The entire procedure could take from three to five years to complete.
“The nuclear transfer(核子移植) of one species to another is not easy, and the lack of available(capable of being used) panda eggs could be a major problem,” Kraemer believes. “They will probably have to do several hundred transfers to result in one pregnancy (having a baby). It takes a long time and it’s difficult, but this could be groundbreaking science if it works. They are certainly not putting any live pandas at risk, so it is worth the effort,” adds Kraemer, who is one of the leaders of the Project at Texas A& M, the first-ever attempt at cloning a dog.
“They are trying to do something that’s never been done, and this is very similar to our work in Noah’s Ark. We’re both trying to save animals that face extinction. I certainly appreciate their effort and there’s a lot we can learn from what they are attempting to do. It’s a research that is very much needed. ”
The aim of “Noah’s Ark” project is to _______.

A．make efforts to clone the endangered pandas

B．save endangered animals from dying out

C．collect DNA of endangered animals to study

D．transfer the nuclear of one animal to another

According to Professor Kraemer, the major problem in cloning pandas would be the lack of _______.

A．available panda eggs	B．host animals
C．qualified researchers	D．enough money

The best title for the passage may be _______.

A．China’s Success in Pandas Cloning.

B．The First Cloned Panda in the World.

C．Exploring the Possibility to Clone Pandas.

D．China —the Native Place of Pandas Forever.

From the passage we know that _______.

A．Kraemer and his team have succeeded in cloning a dog.

B．scientists try to implant a panda’s egg into a rabbit.

C．Kraemer will work with Chinese scientists in clone researches.

D．about two thousand of species will probably die out in a century.

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第二卷（两部分，共35分）
第四部分：任务型阅读（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分）
请认真阅读下列短文，并根据所读内容在文章后表格中的空格里填出最恰当的单词。注意：每空格1个单词。
Job interviews never seem easy.To get a job,you may have more interviews than you can count.To succeed in an interview，you should pay attention to the following common mistake.
Lack of proper preparations.Failure to gather information on the company and the job before the interview makes a very poor impression on interviews;it suggests that you are not really that interested in the position.
Inappropriate personal appearance.Consider the nature of the position and dress accordingly.When in doubt,dressing somewhat more formally than you think would be expected for the job.Be conservative and pay attention to details,such as shiny shoes,neat hair,etc.First impressions are very important.
Poor non-verbal communication.In addition to what you are saying,your non-verbal behavior is very important in an interview.Are you making eye contact?Are you listening attentively when the interviewer is speaking?Are you giving a firm handshake by the interviews?Are you nervous during the interview？Practice with a friend or in front of a mirror to assess these factors.
Poor attitude.Self-centered behavior（.i.e.a”what’s in it for me”attitude）is very poorly received by interviewers.Ask yourself what you can contribute to the company?What skills and
experience would you bring to the job？
Failure to ask questions.Employers will assess your interest in the company and the position you ask.Proper research before the interview will help ensure that the questions you ask are intelligent ones.
Being disorganized.Make sure you arrive at the company a few minutes early so that you have time to get calm and check your appearance.Arriving late is simply unacceptable，so plan for the unexpected.Always bring an extra copy of your resume and reference to an interview.
Over-or under-answering questions.For most interview questions a “Yes”or “No”answer is not appropriate.Positive more details for an employer and cite examples from personal experience wherever possible.Do not,however,talk endlessly and feel that you have to keep speaking if there’s silence.When you have said what you want to say ,stop talking.If you do not understand a Question,.seek clear explanation before responding.
Failure to send a thank-you note or card following the interview.Take the time to send the thank-you card,which can make an important impact on an employer.Not only does it show your sincere interest in the position,but it also helps make you different from other interview candidates.

Common mistakes in interviews	What you should do for a(n) 71 interview
72 preparations	73 enough information on the company and the job
Inappropriate personal appearance	Dress 74 to the nuture of the Position
Poor non-verbal communication	Non-verbal communication,such as making eye contact, listening attentively, shaking hands 75 is very important
Poor attitude	76 on yourself will make a very bad impression on interviewers.Think about what you can do for the company instead
Failure to ask questions	Do proper research before the interview,which helps make 77 you won’t ask stupid question.
Being disorganized	Arrive a few minutes eraly to plan for the unexpected and brig an extra copy of your resume and reference
Over-or under-answering questions	When answering questions,provivde more details or cite examples when needed,instead of talking without 78
Failure to express your 79	Do remember to send a thank-you card which shows your interest in the position and your 80

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E
　　Sport is not only physically challenging，but it can also be mentally challenging. Criticism from coaches，parents，and other teammates，as well as pressure to win can create an excessive amount of anxiety or stress for young athletes（运动员）.Stress can be physical，emotional，or psychological，and research has indicated that it can lead to burnout. Burnout has been described as dropping or quitting of an activity that was at one time enjoyable.
　　The early years of development are critical years for learning about oneself. The sport setting is one where valuable experiences can take place. Young athletes can，for example，learn how to cooperate with others，make friends，and gain other social skills that will be used throughout their lives. Coaches and parents should be aware，at all times，that their feedback to youngsters can greatly affect their children. Youngsters may take their parents’ and coaches’ criticisms to heart and find flaws（缺陷）in themselves.
　　Coaches and parents should also be cautious that youth sport participation does not become work for children. The outcome of the game should not be more important than the process of learning the sport and other life lessons. In today’s youth sport setting，young athletes may be worrying more about who will win instead of enjoying themselves and the sport. Following a game, many parents and coaches focus on the outcome and find fault with youngsters’ performances. Positive reinforcement should be provided regardless of the outcome. Research indicates that positive reinforcement motivates and has a greater effect on learning than criticism. Again，criticism can create high levels of stress, which can lead to burnout.
67．An effective way to prevent the burnout of young athletes is ____________.
A．to make sports less competitive
B．to make sports more challenging
C．to reduce their mental stress
D．to increase their sense of success
68．According to the passage sport is positive for young people in that____________.
A．it can help them learn more about society
B．it teaches them how to set realistic goals for themselves
C．it enables them to find flaws in themselves
D．it can provide them with valuable experience
69．Many coaches and parents are in the habit of criticizing young athletes ____________.
A．without realizing criticism may destroy their self-confidence
B．in order to make them remember life lessons
C．believing that criticism is beneficial for their early development
D．so as to put more pressure on them
70．The author’s purpose in writing the passage is ____________.
A．to persuade young children not to worry about criticism
B．to stress the importance of positive reinforcement to children
C．to discuss the skill of combining criticism with encouragement
D．to teach young athletes how to avoid burnout

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D
　　Beyond two or three days，the world’s best weather forecasts are doubtful, and beyond six or seven they are worthless.
　　The Butterfly Effect is the reason. For small pieces of weather—to a global forecaster，small can mean thunder—storms and blizzards（暴风雪）—any prediction becomes worse rapidly. Errors and uncertainties increase，from dust devils and storms up to continent-size eddies（旋涡）that only satellites can see.
　　The modern weather models work with net-like points sixty miles apart，and even so，some starting data have to be guessed，since ground stations and satellites cannot see everywhere. But suppose the earth could be covered with sensors placed one foot apart，rising at one-foot intervals all the way to the top of the atmosphere. Suppose every sensor gives perfectly accurate readings of temperature，pressure，humidity（温度）, and any other data a weatherman would want. Exactly at noon a powerful computer takes all the data and calculates what will happen at each point at 12.01, then 12.02，then 12.03…the computer will still be unable to predict whether Princeton will have sun or rain one month away. At noon the spaces between the sensors will hide fluctuations（波动）that the computer will not know about. By 12.01，those fluctuations will already have created small errors one foot away. Soon the errors will have added to the ten-foot scale，and so on up to the size of the globe.
63．A weather forecast ____________ in the world.
A．is reliable within one or two days
B．is doubtful beyond 24 hours
C．becomes useless beyond two or three days
D．is still worthwhile in seven days
64．Usually there is a weather sub-station____________.
A．in every city 　　　　　　　　　　B．every 60 miles
C．between two cities 　　　　　　　 D．every one foot
65．Which of the following statements is true？
A．People have not placed sensors one foot apart in the atmosphere.
B．Scientists have already put sensors one foot apart in the world.
C．Every sensor gives perfectly accurate data a weatherman wants.
D．Ground weather stations and satellites can see every place on earth.
66．Our computer will not be able to know about fluctuations because ____________.
A．the sensors are not good enough
B．they are hidden by the spaces between the sensors
C．they are too far away
D．they move very fast

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C
　　Susan Sontag（1933—2004） was one of the most noticeable figures in the world of literature. For more than 40 years she made it morally necessary to know everything—to read every book worth reading, to see every movie worth seeing. When she was still in her early 30s，publishing essays in such important magazines as Partisan Review，she appeared as the symbol of American culture life，trying hard to follow every new development in literature，film and art. With great effort and serious judgment，Sontag walked at the latest edges of world culture.
　　Seriousness was one of Sontag’s lifelong watchwords（格言），but at a time when the barriers between the well-educated and the poor-educated were obvious, she argued for a true openness to the pleasure of pop culture. In“Notes Camp”, the 1964 essay that first made her name，she explained what was then a little—known set of difficult understandings，through which she could not have been more famous.“Notes on Camp”，she wrote，represents“a victory of‘form’ over‘content’,‘beauty’over‘morals’”.
　　By conviction（信念）she was a sensualist（感觉论者），but by nature she was a moralist（伦理学者），and in the works she published in the 1970s and 1980s，it was the latter side of her that came forward. In“Illness as Metaphor”—published in 1978，after she suffered cancer—she argued against the idea that cancer was somehow a special problem of repressed personalities（被压抑的性格），a concept that effectively blamed the victim for the disease. In fact，re-ex-amining old positions was her lifelong habit.
　　In America，her story of a 19th century Polish actress who set up a perfect society in California，won the National Book Award in 2000. But it was as a tireless，all-purpose cultural view that she made her lasting fame.
　　“Sometimes,”she once said，“I feel that，in the end，all I am really defending…is the idea of seriousness，of true seriousness.”And in the end，she made us take it seriously too.
59．The underlined sentence in paragraph l means Sontag ____________.
A．was a symbol of American cultural life
B．developed world literature，film and art
C．published many essays about world culture
D．kept pace with the newest development of world culture
60．She first won her name through____________.
A．her story of a Polish actress
B．her book Illness as Metaphor
C．publishing essays in magazines like Partisan Review
D．her explanation of a set of difficult understandings
61．Susan Sontag’s lasting fame was made upon____________.
A．a tireless，all-purpose cultural view
B．her lifelong watchword: seriousness
C．publishing books on morals
D．enjoying books worth reading and movies worth seeing
62．From the works Susan published in the 1970s and 1980s，we can learn that ____________.
A．she was more a moralist than a sensualist
B．she was more a sensualist than a moralist
C．she believed repressed personalities mainly led to illness
D．she would like to re-examine old positions

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B
　　Will you get a good job？ What will you do？ Many new graduates feel lost when they consider the endless list of career choices. They’ve invested（投资）a lot of money for their diploma（文凭）and now an important question stares them in the fact.
　　I’ve seen so many now graduates who do not know how to use the degree they have just earned. An example was Dave，who loved sports and had played baseball throughout his college years. He had his heart set on working for Nike. But he had never made clear in his own mind what kind of job he could do for Nike，so nothing ever happened. Another example was Allison，who was a history major. She wanted to work as an event planner，but unfortunately，no one hired her. Why？ No experience.
　　Failing to do some solid career exploration first，to get a clear idea of the types of jobs you can do，is a big error that many college students make. After our suggestion，Dave and Allison both found their jobs. To ensure a brighter future，follow these effective strategies：
　　—Make educated career choices. Identify the job you want. Conduct research. Ask parents to advise you on actual job duties. Consider what your natural talents are，and look for positions where you can use them.
　　—Don’t rely on the Internet. Networking is an effective tool—be sure it’s a job—hunting strategy you use. New studies from the Department of Labor state that only 4％ of job-seekers found their job on the Internet. The fact is that 63％ of all jobs are filled by contacts.
　　Employers are making quick decisions. Most people lose the job in the first minute of the interview. It’s deadly to let the employers focus quickly on how well you can perform the job.
　　—Practice your interviewing skills. Be ready for the tough questions by first writing out good answers to possible questions and having a role-playing interview with your friend.
55．What does the author seem to be most probable？
A．A job-hunter. 　　　　　　　B．A magazine editor.
C．A website owner. 　　　　　 D．A job-seeking adviser.
56．In order to be well prepared for the interview, you’d better ____________.
A．surf the Internet for contacts
B．get along well with your workmates
C．practice the interview for several times
D．take care of your dress
57．According to the text it is suggested that Dave should ____________.
A．let others know what he can do for them
B．study further to get a higher degree
C．give up his interest in playing basketball
D．take part-time jobs first
58．For Allison, she should ____________.
A．find a job in another field
B．find some work to gain work experience
C．not tell the employer her major
D．offer more personal information

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