Why do young adult children become independent so much later than they did in 1970，when the average age of independent living was ? Why have reduced class sizes and increased per-pupil expenditures (花销）not 36 higher academic achievement levels? Why is the mental health of today’s kids so poor when with that of children in the 1960s and before? Why do today’s become defensive when told by teachers that their children have misbehaved in school?
The answer in two words: parental . Those two words best summarize the between “old” child raising and new, post-1960s parenting. Then, the overall philosophy was that parents were not to be involved with their kids. They were available crisis, but they stood a (an) distance from their kids and allowed them to experience the benefits of the trial-and-error process. It was the child’s , back then, to keep his or her parents from getting involved. That was children learned to be responsible and determined.
Today’s parents help their kids with almost everything. These are parents who are when it comes to an understanding of their purpose in their kids’ lives. Their involvement leads them to personalize everything that happens to their kids; , the defensiveness. But given that schools and mental health professionals have been pushing parent involvement for nearly four decades, the confusion and defensiveness are .
University researchers analyzed three decades of data relating to parent participation in children’s academics. Their conclusions what I’ve been saying since the 1980s: parental help with homework a child’s academic achievement and is not reflected on standardized tests.
Parents who manage a child’s social life interfere with the of good social skills. Parents who manage a child’s after-school activities grow kids who don’t know how to their own free time. Parents who get involved in their kids, with peers grow kids who don’t know how to avoid much less trouble.
These kids have anxieties and fears of all sorts and don’t want to leave their . And their parents, when the time comes, don’t know how to being parents. You can imagine what will become of their fu ture.
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For some people, the sight of a mouse can be reason to scream. For other mice, the same sight can be reason to sing.
Mice will probably 21 sing their way to any concert, but researchers in the United States have found 22 that mice do, 23 , sing.
Scientists already knew that mice make ultrasonic(超声波) sounds—noises that are too high-pitched(高音的) for people to hear 24 special equipment.
To find out whether mice put such sounds together in song-like 25 , the researchers recorded the sounds of 1 mice. Using computer 26 , they were able to separate the sounds into specific types of syllables(音节), and found the mice produced about 10 syllables per second.
The results showed that nearly all of the mice repeated sequences(顺序) of syllables in different patterns. That’s enough to meet the definition of what scientists 27 song. But not all scientists are 28 _ that what the mice are doing is 29 singing. To prove it, the researchers must show that there’s learning involved. And, they need to __ 30 why the mice sing.
21. A. almost B. even C. never D. usually
22. A. coincidence B. evidence C. guidance D. instance
23. A. at once B. by means C. for example D. in fact
24. A. during B. inside C. through D. without
25. A. fashions B. instructions C. patterns D. styles
26. A. access B. printer C. screen D. software
27. A. call B. hear C. sing D. write
28. A. accustomed B. convinced C. involved D. qualified
29. A. actually B. obviously C. simply D. unlikely
30. A. figure out B. get about C. run across D. talk over
For some people, the sight of a mouse can be reason to scream. For other mice, the same sight can be reason to sing.
Mice will probably 21sing their way to any concert, but researchers in the United States have found 22that mice do, 23, sing.
Scientists already knew that mice make ultrasonic(超声波) sounds—noises that are too high-pitched(高音的) for people to hear 24special equipment.
To find out whether mice put such sounds together in song-like 25, the researchers recorded the sounds of 1 mice. Using computer 26, they were able to separate the sounds into specific types of syllables(音节), and found the mice produced about 10 syllables per second.
The results showed that nearly all of the mice repeated sequences(顺序) of syllables in different patterns. That’s enough to meet the definition of what scientists 27song. But not all scientists are 28 _ that what the mice are doing is 29singing. To prove it, the researchers must show that there’s learning involved. And, they need to __ 30why the mice sing.
21. A. almost B. even C. never D. usually
22. A. coincidence B. evidence C. guidance D. instance
23. A. at once B. by means C. for example D. in fact
24. A. during B. inside C. through D. without
25. A. fashions B. instructions C. patterns D. styles
26. A. access B. printer C. screen D. software
27. A. call B. hear C. sing D. write
28. A. accustomed B. convinced C. involved D. qualified
29. A. actually B. obviously C. simply D. unlikely
30. A. figure out B. get about C. run across D. talk over
阅读下面短文，从短文后1～20题所给的四个选项（A、B、C、D）中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
One of my father's favorite sayings as I was growing up was "Try it!" I couldn't say I didn't like1, whatever it might be,2I tried it. Over the years I've come to3how much of my success I owe to my4of those words as one of my values. My5job was just one I decided to try for a couple of years until I6what I wanted to do as a career (职业) .7I believed I would work for a few years, get married, stay home and raise a family, so I didn't think the job I took8that much . I couldn't have been more9. I mastered the skills of that beginning level position and I was given the opportunity (机会) to10through the company into different11. I adopted each new opportunity with the12, "Well, I'll try it; if I don't like it I can always go back to my13position." But I was with the same company for the past 28 years , and I've14every career change I've made. I've discovered I15a large number of different talents (才能) and skills that I never would have thought were within me had it not been for my being16trying new opportunities. I've also discovered that if I17what I'm doing and word hard at achieving my18. I will succeed. That's why I am so19to be a part of CareerFables.com. I think20has come and I am determined to make it a success.
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语法填空（共10小题，每小题1.5分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，按照句子结构的语法性和上下文连贯的要求，在空格处填入一个适当的词或使用括号中词语的正确形式填空，并将答案填写在答题卡标号为31-40的相应位置上。
Maybe you never opened that account (帐户), but someone else 31-- someone who used your name, your credit card number or your 32(person) information to commit fraud (造假) without letting you know, 33is actually a crime, pure and simple.
The biggest problem is 34(probable) that you may not know that someone has taken away your identity 35 you notice that something is wrong: you may get bills for 36credit card account you never opened, your credit report may include debts you never knew you had,37 you may see charges on your bills that you didn’t sign for, and even don’t know anything about.
If your identity has really 38 (steal) like that, the Federal Trade Commission (FTC) suggests that you should 39at least two actions immediately.
First, contact the fraud departments of the major credit offices and ask them40copies of your credit reports.
Then, review your reports carefully to check your corrections and changes.
完形填空（共10小题；每小题２分，满分20分）
阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后从21－30各题所给的ABC和D项中，选出最佳选项．
The finest and most sought-after violins were handcrafted by an Italian violin maker over 250 years ago. The man’s name was Antonius Stradivarius. He was born in 1644 and began his career21a violin maker’s apprentice (学徒). Working on his own by 1680, he became determined to make 22that could reproduce tones as rich as those produced by the human voice.
He 23 several shapes and styles for his violins until he arrived at a design that pleased him. During his career he crafted 1,100 violins. Those in 24have become treasured possessions.
Unfortunately, the secret of the Stradivarius violin died with its maker. During his lifetime Stradivarius kept his notes safely 25 , even his two sons, who helped him in his workshop, did not know all the steps involved in each violin’s construction.
Through the years, many experts have offered 26explanations for the unique tone of a “Strad”. Some say it is due to the violin’s shape. Others suggests that the secret 27the special properties(特性) of the wood, which Stradivarius obtained from native Italian trees that no longer exist. The most widely accepted explanation is that it is created by the varnish（清漆） that 
the28used to coat his violins. Chemists have analyzed as closely as possible the varnish and have found its29has improved the sound of many violins. 30, no other violin maker has been able to fully reproduce the tone of the Stradivarius’s violins.
21. A. with B. asC. for D. from
22. A. Instruments B. facilities C. equipment D. tools
23. A. investigated B. surveyed C. tested D. experimented
24. A. fashion B. existence C. possession D. use
25. A. protected B. buried C. hidden D. covered
26. A. possible B. accurate C. detailed D. persuasive
27. A. brings in B. takes in C. results in D. lies in
28. A. master B. violinist C. expert D. user
29. A. attention B. application C. invention D. foundation
30. A. Additionally B. Luckily C. Therefore D. Still
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