Tim Berners-Lee is the man who wrote the software program that led to the foundation of the World Wide Web. Britain played an important part in developing the first generation of computers. The parents of Tim Berners-Lee both worked on one of the earliest commercial (商业的) computers and talked about their work at home. As a child he would build models of computers from packing material. After graduating from Oxford University he went on to the real thing. In the 1980s， scientists were already communicating using a primitive version of e-mail. While working at a laboratory in Switzerland， Tim Berners-Lee wrote a program， which let him store these messages. This gave him another idea： write a program that will let academics(学术界人士) from across the world share information on a single place. In 1990 he wrote the HTTP and HTML programs which form the basis of the World Wide Web.
The next year his programs were placed on to the Internet. Everyone was welcome to use them and improve them if they could. Programmers used this codes(密码) to work with different operating systems. New things like web browsers(浏览器) and search engines were developed. Between 1991 and 1994 the number of web pages rose from 10 to 100,000.
In 1994 Tim Berners-Lee formed the newly formed World Wide Web consortium(协会)， or W3C. More than 200 leading companies and laboratories are represented by W3C. Together they make sure that everyone can share equally on the web. “The Web can help people to understand the way that others live and love. It helps us understand the humanity of people.” he says.
From the passage， we can infer that Tim Berners-Lee is .
| A．British | B．American |
| C．Swiss | D．French |
Scientists began to communicate using e-mail .
| A．in 1980 | B．after the 1980s |
| C．before 1990 | D．in the 1960s |
Tim Berners-Lee decided to write a program that would let academics from across the world share information on a single place when .
| A．he was a child |
| B．he studied in Oxford University |
| C．he formed W3C |
| D．he worked at a lab in Switzerland |
Which of the following is NOT true？
| A．The number of web pages rose rapidly in the 1990s. |
| B．Tim’s programs were placed on to the Internet in 1990. |
| C．The World Wide Web will have an effect on the social development. |
| D．Tim Berners-Lee made a great contribution to the computer science. |
The passage is mainly about .
| A．when the Internet came into being |
| B．who Tim Berners-Lee is |
| C．why computers develop so rapidly |
| D．how the World Wide Web started |
Charlie Bucket，the beloved hero of British writer Roald Dahl’s evergreen 1964 children’s story Charlie and the Chocolate Factory ,is like all of Dahl’s readers．We may come from richer or poorer families than Charlie does，but we all share his desire to win that golden ticket to explore the wonders of Mr Willy Wonka’s candy factory． ． ．
Mr Wonka is the most famous chocolate maker in the world．His chocolates
are not just sweet and delicious but little works of art. He makes hot ice creams for cold days and candies that change color every 10 seconds as you suck on them.
So, naturally, when Mr Wonka announces a competition to visit his famous chocolate factory, very kid in the world is wildly excited. To win a place you have get a ticket. To get a ticket you have to be lucky, finding a golden ticket beneath the silver foil(箔) when you buy a bar of Wonka's chocolate.
Charlie wants a ticket more than anyone. But his family is so poor that they have no money to spare for candy. Charlie watches on the news as each lucky kid gets a ticket. When his grandpa slips Charlie some money and tells him to buy a Wonka bar, it seems that the story will change. But no, there's no ticket in the bar.
But Charlie's luck does change. Against all the odds(逆境),when he has given up all hope,he finds himself holding the last golden ticket.
So Charlie，along with other kids，starts his magical trip. Inside, there are more amazing things than you could ever imagine.
People love to read about the downtrodden(受压迫的)hero who comes out on top. but Charlie and the Chocolate Factory is much more than a simple story.“Dahl's words.,wild imagination and menacing(令人讨厌的)adult characters all combine to make his work ring so true ,”commented Publishers Weekly. “The way he celebrates the innocence of childhood never goes out of style.”
According to the passage, Wonka's chocolates .
| A．are works of art appealing to kids |
| B．can change shapes every 10 seconds |
| C．are popular with poor families |
| D．can bring good luck to poor kids |
Charlie buys a Wonka bar in order to .
| A．taste sweet and delicious chocolates |
| B．try his luck to get a ticket in the bar |
| C．explore the wonders of chocolates |
| D．find out how chocolates are made |
Which of the following is TRUE according to the passages？
| A．Charlie wants to get more golden tickets than anyone else. |
| B．Charlie has learnt to produce the most delicious chocolate. |
| C．Charlie's trip in the Chocolates Factory is full of amazement. |
| D．Mr. Wonka announces an activity in which kids can get chocolates. |
The author of Charlie and the Chocolate Factory thinks highly of .
| A．wild imagination | B．innocence of childhood |
| C．vivid description | D．disgusting adult characters |
Do you know how Uncle Sam became the popular symbol of the United States?
Some historians believe that he is based on a real person，Samuel Wilson．During the War of 1812，Wilson sold meat to American troops. Wilson labeled
the meat barrels（桶）US．This meant that it was for the army．At that time，US was not used to mean“United States”．An officer asked what the US on the barrels meant．A soldier replied，“United States”，meaning Samuel Wilson．
The Uncle Sam image（形象）today shows a man with a beard，a stars and stripes（星条旗）top hat，and a suit．Thomas Nast created this image in about 1838．It represented the government in Nast's political cartoons．Some people believe that Nast based his image on Dan Rice，a popular entertainer．Rice performed while wearing a top hat and suit．
Others think it was James M．Flagg that drew the most famous image of Uncle Sam in 1917， during World War I．It shows a serious man pointing a finger at the viewer and says“United States”．Flagg drew this enduring image to encourage Americans to join the U.S．Army．It has been used for this purpose ever since．
Today, Uncle Sam is a symbol of the United States that is recognized around the world． 
Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage?
| A．Uncle Sam was a character created by the government of the United States． |
| B．Samuel Wilson，a businessman，sold meat to American troops during the War of 1812． |
| C．Uncle Sam was based on an entertainer to show Americans were popular people． |
| D．The image of Uncle Sam has been used to urge Americans to join the army since 1838． |
The underlined word“enduring”in the fourth paragraph is closest in meaning to“________”.
| A．long-lasting | B．short-lived |
| C．painful | D．scary |
It can be inferred from the passage that___________.
| A．Uncle Sam is an officer from the American army |
| B．Uncle Sam’s top hat and suit reflect the American flag |
| C．Tile Uncle Sam symbol is the best of all American symbols |
| D．Opinions differ about how Uncle Sam became a national symbol |
Which of the following can best sum up the passage?
| A．The name Uncle Sam was invented during the War of 1821． |
| B．There are many symbols of the United States，including Uncle Sam． |
| C．Over time，the image of Uncle Sam came to represent the United States． |
| D．Uncle Sam is a national symbol that is recognized around the United States． |
This is the legal part of the show. It's just so everybody knows the rules for Nickelodeon on the Web. Be sure to get your parents to review and discuss these rules with you：
1．All the toys and games here are just for you to play with. You can't sell them，give them to anyone，or pretend you made them. You can't do anything EXCEPT play with them，unless you ask us first and we say it's OK.
2．If you see something you don't like，remember that all the stuff（成员）on the message boards (留言板)，chat rooms and “Write to Nick”comes straight from other kids，not from someone at nick.com. Nick.com wouldn't tell kids what to say，because kids have minds of their own！But if someone sends ugly（恶意的）messages，we'll do our best to take care of it. We all want nick.com to be a good，clean place to hang out.
3．If you write something that catches our eye in “Write to Nick”on a message board or in a chat room，we might want to use it on the site. By sending in your thoughts and hanging out in the chat rooms，and getting your parent's permission to do so，you and your parents are telling us it's OK to repeat what you say. It's even OK to put it in an advertisement. It means we can use it in any way we want，anywhere，until the end of time.
Remember to ALWAYS check with your parents before you send anything to us. And of course，the folks in the legal office upstairs have their own code for saying all that. Please read these terms and conditions carefully before using this website. This site at nick.com is fully controlled and operated by Nickelodeon Online，a business unit of MTV Networks.You can find this passage in a ________.
| A．Internet web | B．daily newspaper |
| C．science text book | D．computer magazine |
Children can do many things on the web EXCEPT ______.
| A．play with toys | B．send an advertisement |
| C．write to Nick | D．check with parents |
The underlined sentence “kids have minds of their own” may tell us that ________.
| A．children should surf the web on their own |
| B．children have their ideas on checking Networks |
| C．children can express themselves as they think |
| D．children can talk anything if their parents permit |
According to the passage, your words can be adopted by the web as long as________.
| A．what you write can catch their eyes |
| B．your thoughts are outstanding besides that you & your parents permit the web to use them |
| C．they can be put in the advertisement |
| D．they can use them anywhere, anytime & in any way they want |
What is the passage mainly about?
| A．The introduction of the web show. |
| B．The way how people write to Nick. |
| C．The toys and the chat rooms on web. |
| D．The rules about how to use this web. |
When you were looking for a reliable，honest auto mechanic（机修工），how did you find him？Before you went into that restaurant you recently tried，how did you know that it served great food？If you are like most people on the planet，you want to lower your risk of a big ugly surprise so you asked people you trust to refer to a business they trust. Marketers（营销人员）call this friendtofriend recognition of a business “wordofmouth”（口碑）advertising.
When you do a great job for your customer or a bad job，people are going to talk about your business. Unfortunately，because we humans seem to feel negative emotions more intensively（强烈地） than positive ones，we're more likely to tell more of our friends about bad experiences with a business than positive ones. Understand this：Customers believe their own experience. You can't make them believe that your company is wonderful when they felt they were treated badly.
So，to get positive wordofmouth going for your business in this servicebased economy，you've got to do a really outstanding job for everyone，exactly.
And when you do，you build a great reputation (名声). That takes time. But it forms a close link with your customers in a way that no advertising and no promotional（促销的）coupon(优惠券) ever could.
The good news is that because there are so many different businesses chasing after（追赶）your customers' money，people want to know whom they can trust. So people are going to be talking about you create a free sales force for your business—— an army of delighted customers who tell everyone that they know how good your company is to do business with. That's a great antidote (解药) to nonconfidence.According to the passage，whether we go to a place or not depends on ________.
| A．business fames | B．associates' recommendation |
| C．particular recognition | D．media assistance |
The underlined word “refer to”in the first paragraph probably means ________.
| A．说明 | B．提及 | C．提供参考 | D．适用于 |
The passage says that customers won’t believe the services are good until__________.
| A．they get some promotional coupons |
| B．the business chase after their money |
| C．they themselves are treated well |
| D．they see the advertisement is good enough |
The underlined word “nonconfidence”in the last paragraph probably means ________.
| A．service imperfection | B．service advertisement |
| C．customers' protection | D．customers' distrust |
What is the main topic of this passage?
| A．A company can rely on its associates to survive. |
| B．A person should rely on his friends for business. |
| C．Advertising can make customers believe it's wonderful. |
| D．A good name will bring you money. |
Besides entertainment and beautiful lanterns, another important part of the Lantern Festival, or Yuanxiao Festival is eating small dumpling balls made of glutinous (粘性的) rice flour (粉状物). We call these balls Yuanxiao or Tangyuan. Obviously, they get the name from the festival itself. It is said that the custom of eating Yuanxiao originated during the Eastern Jin Dynasty in the fourth century, then became popular during the Tang and Song periods.
The fillings (馅料) inside the dumplings or Yuanxiao are either sweet or salty. Sweet fillings are made of sugar, walnuts (核桃), sesame（芝麻）, osmanthus flowers (桂花), rose petals（花瓣）. A single ingredient (原料) or any combination can be used as the filling. The salty variety is filled with minced meat (肉末儿), vegetables or a mixture.
The way to make Yuanxiao also varies between northern and southern China. The usual method followed in southern provinces is to shape the dough (生面团) of rice flour into balls, make a hole, insert the filling, then close the hole and smooth out the dumpling by rolling it between your hands. In North China, sweet or nutmeat stuffing is the usual ingredient. The fillings are pressed into hardened cores, dipped lightly in water and rolled in a flat basket containing dry glutinous rice flour. A layer of the flour sticks to the filling, which is then again dipped in water and rolled a second time in the rice flour. And so it goes, like rolling a snowball, until the dumpling is the desired size.
The custom of eating Yuanxiao dumplings remains. This tradition encourages both old and new stores to promote their Yuanxiao products. They all try their best to improve the taste and quality of the dumplings to attract more customers.Which of the following is NOT true?
| A．Sweet Yuanxiao are usually made in southern China. |
| B．Sugar, rose petals and minced meat are all fillings of Yuanxiao. |
| C．The custom of eating Yuanxiao dates back to the fourth century. |
| D．People in northern China usually make Yuanxiao by rolling like a snowball. |
The way of making Yuanxiao varies between _________ China.
| A．southwestern and northwestern |
| B．eastern and western |
| C．southeastern and northeastern |
| D．northern and southern |
Choose the right order of making Tangyuan in southern provinces.
① make a hole and insert the filling
② roll the dough between your hands
③ shape the dough of rice flour into balls
④ close the hole
⑤ prepare some rice flour
| A．⑤③②①④ | B．⑤③①④② |
| C．③①④②⑤ | D．③⑤①②④ |
What is the best title of this passage?
| A．The Lantern Festival |
| B．The ingredients of Yuanxiao |
| C．China’s traditional food—Yuanxiao. |
| D．The difference between Yuanxiao and Tangyuan. |
Why do we eat Yuanxiao today?
| A．Because it’s a tasty food. |
| B．Because it’s a tradition. |
| C．Because we love our country. |
| D．Because it’s promoted by both old and new stores. |
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