【福建省福州市2015年中考英语试题】阅读理解
Have you noticed your life becoming a little easier? Now, when you go to a certain shopping mall, you can enjoy its free Wi-Fi there. When you want to take a taxi, you can book one with your phone. In fact, all these can be seen as the basic parts of a smart city.
The idea of a smart city was brought up by US company IBM in 2010. Generally, a smart city is a city that uses digital technologies such as the Internet to improve city planning, save money and resources, and make our life convenient. How smart can a city be? Here are great examples that we can learn from.
In 2009, Dubuque became the first smart city in the US. The city used smart water meters to take the place of traditional water meters. They can detect（探测〉water waste and leakage（泄漏）and send data to let the house owner know. The same system is used for other city resources like electricity and natural gas. This way, people know how they use their resources and are glad to help reduce waste.
Santander in Spain also gives us a look at the future. If people point a phone toward a nearby bus stop, the phone immediately shows all bus lines that serve the stop as well as their arrival times. The government organized a research team and provided an App（应用程序〉that collects data on almost everything: light, temperature, and the movements of cars and people. Opening the App near a supermarket provides immediate information on specialAccording to the passage, which of the following is RIGHT?
| A．Digital technologies are used in smart cities. |
| B．An English company first raised the idea of a smart city. |
| C．A smart city is mainly made up of free Wi-Fi and phones. |
| D．A smart city is still an idea and hasn’t come into being. |
The underlined word “convenient” is the closest in meaning to _____.
| A．useful | B．normal | C．suitable | D．easy |
Compared to traditional water meters, smart water meters do better in .
| A．cleaning water | B．supplying water | C．saving water | D．producing water |
The example of Santander shows the use of smart systems in aspects（方面）EXCEPT _____.
| A．business | B．health care | C．traffic controlling | D．public transportation |
What’s the main idea of the passage?
| A．Digital technologies help improve city planning. |
| B．Smart cities will make our future life better and smarter. |
| C．Smart cities are very common in both Dubuque and Santander. |
| D．Spain and the US take the leading position in building smart cities. |
In most parts of the world, many students help their schools make less pollution．They join environment clubs．In an environment club, people work together to make our environment clean．
Here are some things students often do．
No-garbage lunches．How many lunch bags do you throw away after lunch? Environment clubs ask students to bring their lunches in bags that can be used again．Every week they will choose the classes that make the least garbage and report them to the whole school．
No-car day．On a no-car day, nobody comes to school in a car including the students and the teachers．Cars give pollution to us, so remember:
Walk, jump, bike, or run!
Use your legs! It's lots of fun!
Turn off the water! Do you know that some toilets can waste twenty to forty cubic meters of water an hour? In a year, that would fill in a small river. In the environment clubs, students mend those broken toilets．
We love our environment．Let's work together to make it better．Environment clubs ask students ________.
| A．to run to school every day |
| B．to take exercise every day |
| C．not to have lunch at school |
| D．To bring their lunches in bags that can be used again |
From the passage we know the students usually have lunch ________．
| A．at school | B．in shops |
| C．in clubs | D．at home |
On a no-car day,________ will take a car to school．
| A．both students and teachers | B．only students |
| C．neither students nor teachers | D．only teachers |
After students mend toilets they save ________．
| A．a small river | B．a club |
| C．a lot of water | D．a toilet |
The writer wrote the passage to ask students to ________．
| A．clean schools | B．make less pollution |
| C．join clubs | D．help teachers |
It was Sunday morning. A butcher(屠夫) heard the doorbell(门铃) and thought it must be a customer. But he was surprised to see that a dog was coming into his shop. The dog had $10 and a note in its mouth. The butcher took the note and read it. It said,“10 pork chops(排骨), please. ”So the butcher took the money and put a bag of chops in the dog’s mouth.
Then he quickly closed the shop because he decided to follow the dog. He found the dog on the street. The dog was waiting for a green light. Then the dog walked across the road. The dog went to a bus stop. When a bus arrived, the dog checked the number and then got on the bus.
After a while, the dog stood up on his back paws(爪子) to push the “stop” button(按钮). The bus stopped and the dog got off. Then the butcher followed it to get off the bus.
The dog ran to a house and dropped the bag in front of the front door. It then began to beat its head against the front door. After a while, a big man opened the door and began shouting at the dog. The butcher ran up and shouted at the man, “What are you doing? Your dog is a genius(天才).”
The owner of the dog said, “Genius? No way! I always tell him to take the keys when he goes to the stores. But he never listens to me!”Who was the customer that Sunday morning?
| A．A big man. | B．A butcher. |
| C．A dog. | D．A little boy. |
How much did the dog pay for the pork chops?
| A．$20. | B．$10. | C．$5. | D．$62. |
How did the dog take the note?
| A．In the bag. | B．On its back. |
| C．In its mouth. | D．Around its neck. |
Which is NOT right according to the story?
| A．The dog stood up on its back paws to push the “stop” button. |
| B．The butcher quickly closed the shop to follow the dog. |
| C．The big man was pleased with his dog. |
| D．The butcher thought the dog was a genius. |
What is the story mainly about?
| A．A customer. | B．A smart dog. |
| C．A butcher. | D．A big man. |
Once upon a time in Greece (希腊) there lived a clever man. His name was Aesop.
One day, when Aesop was taking a walk in the country, a man on the road stopped him. He said, "Kind sir, can you tell me how soon I can get to town?" "Go," Aesop answered.
"Of course I know I must go," said the man," But I want to know how soon I can get to town." "Go," Aesop shouted to him again.
The man got angry. "He must be mad," he thought. And he walked away. Suddenly he heard Aesop shouting to him, "You will get to town in two hours.”The man was in great surprise. He turned back and asked, "Why didn’t you tell me that before?"
"How could I tell you that before?" answered Aesop. "I didn't know how fast you could walk."One day Aesop was ____.
| A．stopping a man walking |
| B．talking in town |
| C．taking a walk in the country |
| D．watching a man walking |
When the man asked Aesop the question, he ____.
| A．didn't answer at first |
| B．said that he couldn’t answer it |
| C．told him that he was clever |
| D．shook his head |
From the text we know that ____.
| A．Aesop wasn't very clever |
| B．the man didn't know the way to town well |
| C．the man knew how soon he could get to town |
| D．the man knew Aesop very well |
The man got angry because ____.
| A．Aesop said he wouldn't tell him anything |
| B．he was very tired at that time |
| C．he didn’t know what Aesop meant |
| D．it would take him two hours to get to town |
We can guess that at last the man felt very ____.
| A．pleased | B．angry | C．sad | D．hungry |
C
Imagine the situation．You are driving alone in a desert or on a mountain．You have no idea where you are．You passed the last house two hours ago．Then your car breaks down．It is night and it is cold．You have no mobile phone．What do you do？Well，next time take a GPS with you．This invention may be able to help you．It is a device(装置)which uses satellites to find the user’s position(位置)．It can find your position within 20 metres．A GPS cannot start your car，but at least you will know where you are．
GPS，which means Global Positioning System，is a small radio receiver．It looks like a mobile phone．You can hold it in your hand，or put it in your pocket．It is sometimes put into a watch or a telephone．We also find GPS devices in cars，planes，or boats．Some of these devices have electronic maps，so you know where you are．For example，in a city they can tell you the name of the street．
There are three parts to the Global Positioning System．The first part is the receiver．You can hold it in your hand，or have it fixed into your car，plane，etc．The second part is a group of satellites orbiting the Earth．The receiver contacts at least four of the satellites and calculates(计算)its position．The third part of the system is a network of ground stations．They are all over the world．They control the satellites and make sure they are working well．
Some people think that in the future the GPS will be as common as the mobile．They are becoming cheaper and more and more accurate(精确的)．There are also new uses for the GPS．Perhaps they will become like watches．Everyone will have one and you will never be lost again．According to the passage，with the help of the GPS，people________．
| A．can’t be lost in a new city |
| B．can’t find their way in different countries |
| C．can learn about the culture of an unknown place |
| D．can spend the least time getting to another place |
We can learn from the passage tha________．
| A．there are three parts to the GPS |
| B．a GPS can’t be put into a watch |
| C．a GPS can help you start your car |
| D．the GPS are becoming more and more expensive |
The underlined word“They”in paragraph 3 means“________”．
| A．Receivers |
| B．GPS devices |
| C．Satellites |
| D．Ground stations |
The passage is mainly about________．
| A．the history of the GPS |
| B．the introduction of the GPS |
| C．the shape of the GPS |
| D．the three parts of the GPS |
What can we infer(推断)from the passage？
| A．All GPS devices have electronic maps． |
| B．People in many countries will use the GPS for free． |
| C．The receiver of the GPS contacts at least five of the satellites． |
| D．The GPS will become more and more common in everyday life． |
B
Today，roller skating(滑旱冰)is easy and fun．But，before 1750，the idea of skating didn’t exist(存在)．That changed because of a man named Joseph Merlin．Merlin’s work was making musical instruments．
One day Merlin received an invitation to attend a music party．He was very pleased and a little excited．As the day of the party came near，Merlin began to think how to make a grand entrance(隆重登场)at the party．He had an idea．He thought he would get a lot of attention if he could skate into the room．
Merlin tried different ways to make himself roll．Finally，he decided to put two wheels under each shoe．These were the first roller skates in the world．Merlin was very proud of his invention and dreamed of arriving at the party on wheels while playing the violin．
On the night of the party Merlin rolled into the room playing his violin．Everyone was surprised to see him．There was just one problem．Merlin had no way to stop his roller skates．He rolled on and on，suddenly，he ran into a huge mirror that was hanging on the wall．Down fell the mirror，breaking into pieces．Nobody forgot Merlin’s entrance！The idea of roller skating didn’t exist________．
| A．until 1750 |
| B．after 1750 |
| C．since 1750 |
| D．from 1750 |
What was the job of Joseph Merlin？
| A．Making shoes． |
| B．Making toys． |
| C．Making mirrors． |
| D．Making musical instruments． |
Merlin didn’t________at the party．
| A．play the violin |
| B．have any ways to stop his roller skates |
| C．roll into the room |
| D．get a lot of attention |
Merlin stopped rolling when________．
| A．he wanted to stop |
| B．he ran into a window |
| C．he ran into a huge mirror |
| D．he knocked someone |
Which is the best title of the passage？
| A．How to use the roller skates |
| B．Merlin and the first roller skates |
| C．How to make musical instruments |
| D．Merlin and the first violin |
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