Carol and Susan are very good friends. They are in the same class at school and they often go to each other’s home on Sunday. Now they are both eight yeas old. Carol’s mother has got a new baby. Carol is very glad to have a little sister, so she is always talking about her to Susan.
At first Susan is very interested (感兴趣) in the new baby because she does not have any brothers or sisters. But after some time she begins to get tired of (厌倦) Carol’s keeping on talking about it. She also feels a little jealous (嫉妒) of her friend.
One morning when the two girls meet at the school gate, Carol says to Susan cheerfully (愉快地), “Do you know, Susan, my baby sister has put on about half a pound in weight (重量) this week?”
“That is not very much,” answers Carol. “I know a baby that puts on ten pounds a day.”
“Oh, that can’t be true!” answers Carol. "Whose baby is it?”
“An elephant’s,” says Susan.Why do Carol and Susan often go to each other’s home? Because ________.
| A．they are in the same class |
| B．they are good friends |
| C．they like to talk about babies |
| D．they are in the same study group |
Susan is ______ to hear Carol talk about the baby’s weight one morning.
| A．sorry | B．cheerful | C．happy | D．not happy |
How much does a baby elephant put on in weight a week?
| A．Half a pound. | B．Ten pounds. |
| C．Seventy pounds. | D．Seven hundred pounds. |
Have you ever wondered how we know the things that we know？ How do we know， for example， that the stars are really huge balls of fire like the Sun and very far away？ And how do we know that the Earth is a smaller ball turning round one of those stars， the Sun？
The key to these questions is "evidence"， which means the facts， signs or objects that make you believe something is true．
Sometimes evidence means actually（实际地） seeing（or hearing， feelings， smelling …） that something is true． Astronauts have travelled far enough from the Earth to see with their own eyes that it is round． Sometimes our eyes need help． The "evening star" looks like a bright twinkle in the sky， but with a telescope（望远镜） you can see that it is a beautiful ball． Something that you learn by direct seeing（or hearing or feeling …） is called an observation．
Often evidence isn't just observation on its own， but observation always hides at the back of it． If there's been a murder， often nobody（except the murderer and the dead person!） actually observed it． But detectives can gather together lots of other observations which may all point towards the suspect． If a person's fingerprints match those found on a knife， this is evidence that he touched it． It doesn't prove that he did the murder， but it can help when it's joined up with lots of other evidence．
Prediction（预测） helps to look for evidence． Scientists make a guess about what might be true． For example， if the world is really round， we can predict that any of us， going on and on in the same direction， should eventually find ourselves back where we started．
People sometimes say that you must believe in feelings deep inside， but not all the inside feelings are real evidence．
What can we do about all this？ When somebody tells you something that sounds possible， think to yourself： "Is there any evidence for that？" And， next time somebody tells you that something is true， why not say to them： "What kind of evidence is there for that？" Remember， always think carefully before you believe a word．
32． Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage？
A： What you see directly is real evidence．
B： Prediction helps to prove something if it is true．
C： People should always believe their inside feelings．
D： Astronauts find the Earth is round with a telescope．
33． Why does the writer use the example of a detective in Paragraph 4？
A： To explain what prediction is．
B： To tell what observation is called．
C： To introduce how detectives work．
D： To prove evidence is not just observation．
34． The underlined word "eventually" in Paragraph 5means ．
A： finally
B： probably
C： completely
D： luckily
35． What's the best title of the passage？
A： Evidence speaks
B： Scientists make predictions
C： Inside feelings help get ideas
D： Observation offers the facts
The Diary of a Young Girl was written by a girl named Anne Frank． It is a true experience of a teenager in wartime（World War II， 1939﹣1945）and it has also become a symbol of the victory of the human spirit．
Here's one of Anne's diaries．
29． The underlined phrase "something wonderful" refers to（指代） that ．
A： Anne's family could listen to news
B： Italy capitulated
C： the Dutch program was uplifting
D： Mr． Koophuis was cheerful
30． What is the most probable date that Mr． Koophuis returned from hospital？
A： 10September．
B： 24September．
C： 3October．
D： 17October．
31． Which of the following is probably NOT true according to the passage？
A： Anne often faced unpleasant things．
B： Anne's family got news on radio．
C： Mr． Koophuis was welcome in Anne's family．
D： Mr． Koophuis was quite afraid of his operation．
When meeting strangers， we usually notice their hair， skin colour and clothes． We like to group those things we don't know by comparing them with the things we know．
So what's wrong with this？ For example， we think that short boys can't possibly be good basketball players． The girls who love to be dressed up can't be excellent students． Or we think shy students can't be good at giving speeches． These are typical（典型的） examples of stereotypes．
Stereotypes make people form a wrong opinion about others at first sight． In fact， it takes a lot more than just looking at a person to know and understand him or her． The following is my story．
One day， it was snowing， but not very heavily． Before class， I collected all the exercise books and sent them to the teachers' office． The exercise books looked piles in my arms， so I could hardly see the ground． Suddenly， I slipped over（滑倒） and dropped all the exercise books I was carrying．
I tried to stand up but failed， I was about to pick them up when I saw a boy coming towards me． It was Mike．
Mike and I had been classmates for over 2years， but we had never shared more than 5sentences together． He was a boy with few words， but I liked talking． We were totally different． I didn't like him and didn't want to be seen at that moment．
"Anything serious？" His words brought me out of my thoughts． "I saw you sitting on the ground from the back window， so I rushed here． Let me help you!" He helped me up and picked all the exercise books up．
Seeing this， I was so moved that I couldn't say a single word．
We walked towards the teachers' office and this time， he talked a lot to me． I found quite a different Mike．
I took a deep breath and said to myself， "I nearly made a big mistake ﹣ judging（判断） MIke only by his appearance．"
26． Which of the following is NOT mentioned as typical examples of stereotypes？
A： Dishonest children can't be others' true friends．
B： Shy students can't be good at giving speeches．
C： Short boys can't possibly be good basketball players．
D： The girls who love to be dressed up can't be excellent students．
27． Why did the writer dislike Mike at the beginning？
A： Because the writer didn't know Mike at all．
B： Because Mike didn't hand in his exercise book．
C： Because the writer thought they weren't the same type．
D： Because Mike didn't help the writer collect the exercise books．
28． The writer probably wants to tell us ．
A： we'd better not go outside on snowy days
B： we should get along well with our classmates
C： people shouldn't judge someone at first sight
D： people with different personalities can't be friends
Parents of very young children know this：You catch your child in the act of stealing the cookie﹣﹣the evidence of candy written on his or her face．However，you get a wide﹣eyed denial："I didn't do it!"
Learning to tell the truth，even at the risk of punishment，is an important part of moral （道德） development，and new research suggests it can take seven or more years for kids to get there．
Early 2017 Professor Craig E．Smith published a study．He and his workmates chose 48children between four and nine years of age．They told the kids a story about a boy or girl doing something wrong，such as taking a classmate's toy or candy，and then either lying about the wrongdoing to a parent or confessing （承认） it．In each case，they asked the children，How would the child feel？How would the mother feel？
The children's answers were generally divided according to age，which is in agreement with the stolen candy，lying and getting unpunished．They imagined the parent in the study would be angry with the child who confessed．However，the seven﹣to﹣nine﹣year﹣olds were more likely （可能的） to think the child would feel better confessing the crime and that the parent would have positive （积极的） feelings towards a confessor．
Smith says，"Kids of all ages who expect that a parent would feel happy about a child's confession are more likely to tell the truth rather than lie．Reward the honesty even if you feel you must punish the wrong action．"He adds，what parents can learn from these studies is to listen calmly without getting angry right away when their child confesses．
42．What does the underlined word"denial"in Paragraph 1mean？
A．委屈 B．责备 C．否认 D．拒绝
43．Paragraph 2 mainly tell us ．
A．kids can't tell"right"from"wrong"
B．it takes time for kids to learn to tell the truth
C．it's wrong to punish kids for telling the truth
D．all the kids are willing to confess to a bad act
44．What did Smith and his workmates find in their study？
A．Older kids are more likely than younger children to confess to a bad act．
B．Younger children are more likely than older kids to confess to a bad act．
C．The four﹣to﹣five﹣year﹣olds would feel better confessing the crime
D．The seven﹣to﹣nine﹣year﹣olds thought parents would be angry with their confessions．
45．According to Professor Smith，what can parents learn from these studies？
A．Parents should at once punish the children who lied．
B．Parents should tell children the wrongness of lying．
C．Parents should never get angry after their children's confessions．
D．Parents should show positive feeling about their children's confessions．
In 1990，Ed Viesturs started for the top of Mount Everest （29，029 feet） from a high camp at 27，000 feet．He planned to climb it without oxygen tank，something only a few climbers had managed to do．He'd failed twice，once getting with 300 feet of the top before turning back．
He left his high camp at 1a．m．，using a headlamp to find his way in the dark．He'd already been on the mountain for two months，receiving endurance and strength training in preparation for the Everest climb．He'd also lived through terrible cold，strong winds，and separation from friends and family．
"The common practice was to use oxygen when climbing，as it，in fact，lowers the altitude （海拔） of the mountain by several thousand feet，"says Viesturs．"If I couldn't climb Everest without oxygen tank，I wouldn't climb it．"
"You have to be physically fit，"he says．"But the mental （精神的） part is big．It's so hard to keep going above 20，000 feet．"
While making that final climb on Everest，he breathed 15times for every step．He would tell himself to first reach the rock 100 yards ahead．Then he'd find another rock，then another．Finally he stood on the top，with the whole world at his feet．"It was one of those dream﹣come﹣true moments，"Viesturs says．
Today，Viesturs makes his living in part as a speaker，talking about his climb of Everest and of the world's 13other highest mountain，all without oxygen．He helps people find the strength to overcome their difficulties．
Finally，in his words，"The art of mountaineering is knowing when to go，when to stay，and when to turn back．We should go step when working toward our dreams．There are no shortcuts to the top．"
（1）What does the article mainly talk about？
A．Viesturs'first successful climb of Mount Everest．
B．Viesturs'physical preparation for climbing Everest．
C．The difficulties that Viesturs has met in his life．
D．The lessons that Viesturs can share with others．
（2）What do we know about Ed Viesturs？
A．As soon as he reached Mount Everest，he set out for Everest climb．
B．He's been to the top of the world's 14highest mountain without oxygen．
C．Well prepared，he had no difficulty climbing the top of Mount Everest．
D．So far，he is the only one to have reached the top of Mount Everest without oxygen．
（3）The first "it" in Paragraph 3 refers to （指的是） ．
A．being physical fit
B．climbing Everest
C．using oxygen when climbing
D．climbing without oxygen
（4）Which sentence should go in the empty box in the last paragraph？
A．I like being near the top of a mountain．
B．Life is like climbing a mountain．
C．You never climb the mountain twice．
D．Over every mountain there is a path．
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