Microsoft Windows XP support ends: How to update? If you’re still running Windows XP — what do you do now? This doesn’t mean that computers running the operating system will stop working, but it is likely that the computer will be attacked by hackers as the company stops providing security-updates and technical support for Windows XP.
Generally speaking, you have two new choices: Buy a new computer or update to Windows 7 or Windows 8.1. If you’re not ready to make a change, there are things you should do if you’ll still be on XP over the next couple of months.
Firstly, make sure the software you have is as up-to-date as possible. That means having any security fixes you can’t get from Microsoft’s website and make sure that you’ve got some (non-Microsoft) antivirus software installed(安装) from other websites. Of course, if you want to keep really safe then you’d better stay off the web altogether, though for many users this won’t even be a choice. Another choice is to change from using an administrator account to a limited account for tasks, like checking your e-mail. This means that if a hacker attacks your computer, at least they won’t have administrator-level access.
However, we have to stress that these steps are just temporary(临时的) measures and aren’t enough to protect your computer in the long run. Whether you’re buying a new computer or simply updating your present operating system depends on yourself. You’ll have to choose between Windows 7 and Windows 8.1. Whichever you go for, you’ll need to check that your computer meets the minimum system requirements for either system. For either Windows 7 or 8.1, you’ll need at least a computer with 1GB of RAM, 1GHz processor and 160GB of hard disk space. However, to run a better operating system, you’ll need a computer with over 4GB of RAM, a 2GHZ processor and 500GB of hard disk space. Buying a new computer with these functions, you may pay more than＄500.
If you’re still planning on updating, Microsoft offers some great guides on their own website, meaning that you can download your new operating system and copy all your old files without leaving your computer. Windows 7 is certainly better than Windows XP, but you should be aware that it is also an ‘old’ operating system. Microsoft Company will add more updates to Windows 8.1 over time, while Windows 7 will also come to an end before long — just like XP.
‘Microsoft Windows XP support ends’ means that _________.
| A．the operating system of Windows XP will stop working |
| B．Microsoft stops providing technical support for Windows XP |
| C．people must install other websites’ antivirus software for Windows 7. |
| D．people must buy a new computer and update to Windows 7 or Windows 8.1 |
To prevent a hacker from attacking your computer, you’d better NOT_________.
| A．update your computer |
| B．stay off the web altogether |
| C．use an administrator account |
| D．install some antivirus soft wares |
From the fourth paragraph, ___________ is a better choice in the long run.
| A．buying a new computer as Windows XP support ends |
| B．updating your present operating system to protect your computer |
| C．having a new computer with at least 1GB of RAM, 1GHz of hard disk space |
| D．choosing a new computer with over 4GB of RAM and 500GB of hard disk space |
From the passage we can conclude that __________.
| A．hacker attacks will happen more often in the future |
| B．an operating system develops quickly as time goes by |
| C．a new computer will be more expensive than it used to be |
| D．people tend to use security fixes except Microsoft Company’s |
Before you make friends，you have to decide who you want to be your friends. Most people like to have friends who like to do the same kind of things as they do.
The quickest way to make a friend is to smile. When you smile, people think you are friendly and easy to talk to. It may not be easy at first to smile，but remember most people will stay away from a scared or angry looking face.
One easy way to start a conversation with someone is to say something nice about them. Think about how great you feel when someone says something nice to you. Doesn’t it make you want to keep talking to that person?
Ask your new friends questions about themselves. Who’s their favorite singer, where do they live and what do they do after school are all good questions to start a conversation. Make sure you have something to add to the conversation too. When someone asks you a question，do have an answer for them. There’s nothing that will stop a conversation quicker than a shrug for an answer.
Kids who show an interest in other kids and who are kind and friendly make good friends. Remember that everyone wants to be around people who like to do similar things and people who are nice to them.This passage gives us some advice on________.
| A．how to make friends |
| B．what kind of people you can make friends with |
| C．how to start a conversation |
| D．the importance of smile |
Most people like to make friends with those________.
| A．who smile to everyone |
| B．who share the same interest |
| C．who are fond of talking |
| D．who say nice things to them |
According to the third paragraph，most people enjoy talking to one________.
| A．who is always smiling |
| B．who seems to be friendly all the time |
| C．who praises you |
| D．who points out your shortcomings(缺点) |
What do the underlined words “a shrug for an answer” mean?
| A．Being very proud. |
| B．Making no answer. |
| C．Knowing nothing. |
| D．Asking for an answer. |
From the passage，if a kid wants to make good friends，he should________.
| A．show an interest in others |
| B．be kind and friendly |
| C．smile to others |
| D．All the above |
You’ve probably heard of a lot about the Internet，but what is it?
The Internet is a computer network that uses the telephone system to connect together millions of computers around the world. Maybe that isn’t very exciting but once you’re connected to the Internet，there are lots of different things you can do.You can send electronic messages or emails to your friends (as long as they’re on the Internet，too)，or you can sort through all kinds of information on something called the World Wide Web．
You don’t need to know how the Internet works in order to use it，but if you understand the basics，it may help you work out many technical problems you have—and of course you can help your friends with your Net knowledge!
You may think that your telephone is just for talking. But as long as you have the equipment, you can use a telephone line to send computer data as well as sounds. If you connect your computer with the telephone system it can receive information from, and send information to other computers (as long as they are connected with the telephone system，too)．
Because there is not an organization which operates the Internet，no one exactly knows how many people are connected to it. It’s thought that there could be 60 million people on the Net，connected up to over 15 million computers!If you want to join the Internet，you need，first of all，to________.
| A．learn how to operate a computer |
| B．know how to make a telephone call |
| C．have a telephone |
| D．learn how to type on a computer |
You can keep in touch with your friends by email.The condition is that________.
| A．they also have their own telephones |
| B．they also have their own computers |
| C．you have already known their telephone numbers |
| D．they are also connected to the Internet |
According to the writer，it’s better to________.
| A．work out its technical problems besides using the Internet |
| B．use the Internet besides working out its technical problems |
| C．sort through all kinds of information on www |
| D．help your friends with your Net knowledge |
With both your computer and telephone，you can________.
| A．see the others face while calling up |
| B．receive information from other computers |
| C．send information to other computers |
| D．both B and C |
How many people are connected to the Internet according to the statistics?
| A．60 million. | B．15 million. |
| C．75 million. | D．No one knows. |
Some people believe that international sport creates goodwill between the nations and that if countries play games together they will learn to live together.Others say that the opposite is true；that international contests encourage false national pride and lead to misunderstanding and hatred.There is probably some truth in both arguments，but in recent years the Olympic Games have done little to support the view that sports encourage international brotherhood. Not only was there the incident of tragedy involving murder of athletes，but the Games were also ruined by less incidents caused principally by minor national contests.
One country received its secondplace medals with visible anger after the hockey final.There had been noisy scenes at the end of the hockey(曲棍球) match，the losers objecting to the final decisions.They were convinced that one of their goals should not have been disallowed and that their opponents’（对手） victory was unfair. Their manager was in a rage when he said，“This isn’t hockey. Hockey and the International Hockey Federation are finished.” The president of the Federation said later that such behavior could result in the suspension（中止） of the team for at least three years.
The American basketball team announced that they would not yield first place to Russia，after a disputable end to their contest.The game had ended in disorder.It was thought at first that the United States had won by a single point，but it was announced that there were three seconds still to play.A Russian player then threw the ball from one end of the court to the other，and another player popped it into the basket. It was the first time the US had ever lost an Olympic basketball match. An appeal jury(评审委员会)debated the matter for four and a half hours before announcing that the result would stand. The American players then voted not to receive the silver medals.
Incidents of this kind will continue as long as sport is played competitively rather than for the love of the game. The suggestion that athletes should compete as individuals or in nonnational teams，might be too much to hope for. But in the present organization of Olympics there is far too much that encourages aggressive patriotism(爱国主义)．The author thinks that in recent years Olympic Games have________.
| A．showed little international friendship |
| B．greatly encouraged international brotherhood |
| C．created goodwill between the nations |
| D．created only misunderstanding and hatred |
What did the manager mean by saying “This isn’t hockey.Hockey and the International Hockey Federation are finished.” in Paragraph 2?
| A．This is not a standard hockey match. |
| B．The federation would not exist any longer after this match was over. |
| C．His team would not enter the game in three years. |
| D．The unfair decision ruined both hockey and the Federation. |
The basketball match showed that________.
| A．aggressive patriotism was shown in the incident |
| B．the Russian team should not have taken advantage of the last three seconds |
| C．the appeal jury was too inefficient in making a decision |
| D．the American team should have taken the first place |
The author gives two examples in the 2nd and the 3rd paragraphs in order to show that________.
| A．contests often end in disorder |
| B．no contests are fair in the Olympic Games |
| C．competition discourages international friendship |
| D．unfair decisions are common in sports |
Which statement best summarizes this passage?
| A．Athletes should compete as individuals. |
| B．The organization of the Olympic Games must be improved. |
| C．Any team that has disrespectful behavior should be suspended. |
| D．Different teams often have disputes when fighting for the first place. |
People used to think that wetlands were wasted land. Developers would drain them with ditches（水沟），fill them in with tons of soil，and build houses，schools，and parking areas on them.Then scientists began to realize the important role wetlands played in the environment.
Wetlands act like giant sponges（海绵） during storms.They soak up extra storm water and afterward release it slowly back into the water cycle.This helps prevent flooding. Towns where people have drained wetlands have found that in a big storm，their streets and homes are often flooded because there are no wetlands to soak up the excess water.
Wetlands also act as giant filters where pollutants are absorbed and dissolved over time.Though wetlands can become polluted from dumping，wastewater，and fertilizer runoff from farm fields，they are able to process some pollutants over time because of all the microorganisms and plants living there.
Wetlands are especially important for providing homes and breeding grounds to millions of birds，fish，and amphibians worldwide. Many wetlands have become national wildlife refuges（避难所），where you can go to take pictures and look at birds and animals.
The Everglades are a huge wetland that once covered more than four million acres of southern Florida. Sometimes called the “river of grass”，the Everglades are a shallow sheet of water that slowly flowed across a grassy plain. In the late 1800s people began draining parts of the Everglades for development. Roads were built and towns sprang up.The Everglades shrank to half its original size. Cities like Miami grew up where once there was a thriving wetland. Sewage and waste from the cities were pumped into the remaining wetlands. Over time scientists began to see the importance of the Everglades. Even with its smaller size，the Everglades filtered the pollutants coming from the cities，absorbing the worst of it like a sewage treatment plant. During storms the Everglades protected the cities from storm surge flooding. They also are just a great place to visit and see wildlife.The first paragraph is intended to tell us________.
| A．wasted land used to be wetlands |
| B．people didn’t know the importance of wetlands before |
| C．wetlands used to be left undisturbed |
| D．wetlands can be used for building |
Why can wetlands be compared to giant sponges?
| A．They absorb extra water from storms. |
| B．They become large or small in size. |
| C．They absorb pollutants and dissolve them. |
| D．They are made of soft soil. |
As for the importance of wetlands，how many aspects are mentioned in the passage?
| A．Two. | B．Three. | C．Four. | D．Five. |
The example of the Everglades is given in the last paragraph to show________.
| A．the threat to wetlands |
| B．the protection of wetlands |
| C．the development of wetlands |
| D．the importance of wetlands |
We can infer from the passage that________.
| A．some wetlands can be used to build cities or towns |
| B．wetlands in the world are disappearing fast |
| C．wetlands play an important role in the ecosystem |
| D．wetlands are especially important to wildlife |
ChiChi weighs only 13 pounds. “He’s so tiny，I can carry him with one hand，” says Mary Lane.“Most people see him and think he’s useless.”
But last October，ChiChi proved to be more than just a pretty face. Mary and her husband，Rick，were relaxing on the beach one afternoon while on vacation in North Carolina’s Outer Banks.As usual，ChiChi was lying on his blanket in his own little beach chair.
“We had our noses buried in books，”recalls Rick，“when suddenly the dog became extremely uneasy. His bark was different from anything we had heard before.And he would not let us ignore him.”
ChiChi ran back and forth in front of his chair as if to run down the beach.The Lanes sat up to see two elderly women in the ocean，about 100 yards down the beach and 10 feet off shore.One was on her back，her head under the waves.The other was struggling hard to keep her friend’s head above the surface.
The Lanes rushed across the sand and into the surf. Rick went to the woman in danger of drowning，while Mary held fast on to the other one and pulled her up on the beach.“Then I went back to help Rick，” Mary says.“The sand dropped off steeply，and a riptide(激流)was beating the woman under. She was completely helpless.”
Not getting well from recent knee surgery，the woman had been unable to turn over or push herself up.“Her friend had been in danger too，” Mary says.“The waves were pushing her around. There’s no way she could have held on much longer.”
The women hadn’t called out for help. “They were struggling so hard that there was no time for screaming，” Mary recalls.“But ChiChi had sensed their danger.”
Duty done，ChiChi was back in his chair，asleep，by the time the two women were on dry ground and the Lanes had returned to their blankets.Luckily，the women were fine，though shaken.They thanked the Lanes for saving their lives.
Back home in Greensboro，North Carolina，the Lanes ordered a special collar with the words “Hero Dog” on it.How does ChiChi impress the people around it?
| A．It is lovable. | B．It is of no use. |
| C．It is very ugly. | D．It is too small. |
When the two women were struggling in the ocean，what were the Lanes doing?
| A．They were sleeping soundly. |
| B．They were absorbed in reading. |
| C．They were wiping their noses. |
| D．They were bathing in the sun. |
Why did ChiChi run back and forth in front of his chair?
| A．It sensed that a danger was upon them. |
| B．It smelled there was a storm on the way. |
| C．It was trying to draw its master’s attention. |
| D．There was something wrong with its master. |
Why couldn’t the woman get out of the water?
| A．She was bitten by a shark. |
| B．Her friend didn’t offer help. |
| C．She was too weak to stay awake. |
| D．There was something wrong with her knee. |
What is the text mainly about?
| A．How ChiChi became a “Hero Dog”． |
| B．A pet dog was saved by two women. |
| C．What is the best place to go on holiday? |
| D．The Lanes helped two strangers out of trouble. |
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