People who averaged fewer than seven hours of sleep per night in the weeks before being exposed to the cold virus were nearly three times as likely to get sick as those who averaged eight hours or more, a new study found．
Researchers used frequent telephone interviews to track the sleep habits of more than 150 men and women aged 21 to 55 over the last few weeks．Then they exposed the subjects to the virus, quarantined（检疫隔离）them for five days and kept track of who got sick．
Besides sleeping more, sleeping better also seemed to help the body fight illness: Patients who fared better on a measure known as “sleep efficiency”—the percentage of time in bed that you’re actually sleeping—were also less likely to get sick．
The results held true even after researchers adjusted for elements such as body-mass index, age, sex, smoking and pre-existing antibodies（抗体）to the virus．
The researchers aren’t exactly sure why sleeping better makes you less likely to develop a cold．But they do try to give an answer: “Sleep disturbance influences the regulation of symptom mediators（调节因子）that are released in response to infection．” In plain English, maybe tossing and turning when you’re infected with the cold virus contributes to the symptoms that define a cold．
The researchers were based at Carnegie Mellon, the University of Pittsburgh and the University of Virginia, and the study was funded by the National Institutes of Health．According to the passage, what does the underlined word “subjects” mean in paragraph 2?
| A．areas of knowledge in a school |
| B．people being studied in an experiment |
| C．research topics |
| D．animals being tested |
It is shown in the passage that _______．
| A．the researchers obtain information about the sleep habits by frequent interviews |
| B．the researchers do their research in the National Institutes of Health |
| C．people hope to avoid being infected with a cold by sleeping as much as possible |
| D．sleeping more and better helps regulate the symptom mediators |
What’s the best title of the passage?
| A．The Relationship Between Virus and Cold |
| B．How to Sleep Well |
| C．Good Sleep Helps Fight a Cold |
| D．The More the Sleep, the Better Your Body |
Beginning college is exciting: new ideas to explore, new challenges to be met and many decisions to be made．Your future begins here.
However, you will find college life is different from your previous school environment．Many of us can be easily overwhelmed（压垮）by the details of running a well-balanced life．While some of us may have the know-how, I guess there are more of us who can benefit from learning about the experiences of others who have walked the college halls before you.
The following you may find of use about life on campus.
●Plan well．There are so many new things to do at a new college or university．Give yourself time to make new friends and become familiar with the campus, but don’t forget why you are there．Give some time for social activities and manage your time wisely.
●If you don’t have a “system” for planning your time now (like a day timer, a computer date book), get one．Most of all, don’t depend on your memory.
●Don’t miss the guidelines．The restrictions, rules and regulations of all kinds can usually be found in your student handbook．Consider them well-balanced food for thought．What dates are important? What pieces of paper need to be handed in? What can/ can’t you do in class? What can/ can’t you do in your student residence（住处）? Who has right for what? What do you need to complete to graduate?
●Write the word “STUDY” on the walls of our bedroom and bathroom, and maybe it will help to write it on a piece of paper and stick it on the telephone, TV and the kitchen table．Consider this—you are paying thousands of dollars for your courses．You pay every time you have to repeat or replace a course.
●Build your identity．This is the time for you to decide what to do and what not to do．Take as much time as you need to explore new ideas．Do not be afraid of the beyond．This is learning to make good choices.
What is the main purpose of the passage?
| A．To offer advice on college life． |
| B．To explain why college life is exciting. |
| C．To describe the importance of college life. |
| D．To persuade you to go to college. |
According to the text, why is it exciting to begin college life?
| A．Because you will have more freedom at college. |
| B．Because you will no longer be afraid of the beyond. |
| C．Because you prepare for your future career and life there. |
| D．Because professors there will provide you with many new ideas. |
What is the probable meaning of the underlined word “know-how”?
| A．An understanding of how things are going at college. |
| B．Practical knowledge about how to behave and what to do at college. |
| C．College halls where rules and regulations are presented. |
| D．An environment completely different from the one you’re used to. |
According to the text, college students .
| A．needn’t learn from those who went to college before them |
| B．spend as much time as possible on social activities |
| C．should know what they have right for on campus |
| D．are supposed to repeat or replace at least one course |
根据对话内容，从对话后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Ann: Well, Bob, what a surprise! It's nice to see you again!
Bob: Hello, Ann! 61 Wasn't it a year ago Christmas, the last time we saw you?
Ann: You know, I think you're right．How are your wife and the children?
Bob: Oh, they're fine．Billy fell down and broke his leg a few months ago． 62
Ann: Wasn't Joey learning to play the violin? Seems to me I remember something about that．
Bob: 63 He's all excited about sports now．
Ann: And you wife, what is she doing these days?
Bob:? She's going to a night school on Mondays and Thursdays．She's studying French now．But last year she studied typing and sewing． 64 Next it’ll probably be cooking．
Ann: How nice for her! 65 But say hello to Mrs James for me, will you?
Bob:?Sure I will, and remember me to your husband．Goodbye．
| A．Oh, he's given that up． |
| B．Oh, I'm sorry．I've got to rush． |
| C．She's made great progress in that． |
| D．How long has it been? |
E．I think she just enjoys going to school．
F．Joey's getting on well with her．
G．But other than that, there's been nothing special.
Every year landslides {滑坡} cause 25 to 50 deaths and $1.5 billion in damage in the United States．They account for 15 percent of the deaths from natural disasters in Europe．And in December, a single event killed more than 200 people in the Philippines．Sending workers to stabilize (加固) mountainsides using steel bars and cement (水泥) can help prevent disaster, but it introduces new difficulties．Shaking drills produce harmful dust and loosen heavy, dangerous debris (米屑)．"It's quite a risky job," says Giorgio Pezzuto of D'Appolonia, an engineering company in Italy.
D'Appolonia, working with eight other companies, may have an answer: a three-ton robot called Roboclimber．"The idea is to operate a machine far away that can drill without a human being on board,'" says Pezzuto, manager for the project, which is supported by the European Commission．Engineers claim that the machine will be faster and cheaper than manual labor．The robot, a large radio-controlled four-legged mechanical spider (蜘蛛), has cost at least $2 million so far．The final product should be able to climb unstable mountainsides, drill holes, insert bars and cement, and collect data on the slope' s stability．Testing should begin in May.The underlined word "event" (in Paragraph l) refers to ___.
| A．landslide | B．machine | C．earthquake | D．flood |
The purpose in writing this text is ___..
| A．to tell people how serious the damage caused by landslides is |
| B．to tell people that sending workers to stabilize mountainsides is a risky job |
| C．to introduce a product that can be used to stabilize mountainsides |
| D．to show people how to use a new product |
What does the robot look like?
| A．A human being． | B．A spider． | C．A truck． | D．A drill． |
The biggest advantage of this product is that_________.
| A．it will be faster and cheaper than manual labor |
| B．it can climb mountainsides, drill holes, insert bars and cement |
| C．it can collect data on the slope’s stability |
| D．it can drill without a human being on board |
President Bush this week announced his support for a proposal by Israeli Prime Minister Ariel Sharon．Details published Friday said Israel would remove troops and all settlements from the Gaza Strip by the end of next year．About seven-thousand settlers live there.
Israel would also remove four settlements in the West Bank．But six large settlements would remain．The ruling Likud party of Minister Sharon is expected to vote on the proposal on May second.
Minister Sharon visited the White House on Wednesday．President Bush praised what he called “ historic and courageous actions．” Mr．Bush said the plan gives the Palestinians, in his words, “ a chance to create a reformed, just and free government．”
Palestinian leaders have denounced（谴责）the president．Prime Minister Ahmed Qureia said Bush is the first president to accept Jewish settlements in Palestinian territories.
British Prime Minister Tony Blair was at the White House Friday．He said he welcomed the plan．Blair urged other countries to get involved.
At least for now, Israel would continue to control airspace, waters and land passages．Minister Sharon says the plan is necessary because the Palestinian Authority has failed to stop attacks against Israelis．Diplomatic efforts also have not succeeded.
A Bush administration official said the president supports the plan because Israel is taking steps to remove existing settlements．Mr．Bush said removing all Jewish settlements in the West Bank would be unrealistic.
Palestinian officials called for an emergency meeting of the United Nations, the United States, Russia and the European Union．Palestinian President Yasser Arafat says the plan is hurting Palestinians and they will never stop seeking an independent state with Jerusalem as its capital.
Israel captured（夺取）Gaza and the West Bank in the nineteen-sixty-seven Middle East War．It soon began to build settlements．Palestinians want their own state in all of the West Bank and Gaza．They also demand the right of return to lands that are now part of Israel.
On Friday, several thousand Palestinians protested against President Bush and Prime Minister Sharon.Which of the following statements is NOT true?
| A．Israel removed troops and all settlements from the Gaza Strip |
| B．Israel had ten settlements in the West Bank |
| C．President Bush supported the proposal by Israeli Prime Minister Ariel Sharon |
| D．British Prime Minister Tony Blair was for the plan |
From the passage we learn that _____.
| A．Palestinians and Israelis are in peace |
| B．Bush is the first president to accept Jewish settlements in Palestinian territories |
| C．Other countries also support the proposal |
| D．Israel would not continue to control airspace, waters and land passages |
What is the attitude of Palestinian President Yasser Arafat towards the plan?
| A．Agree | B．Happy | C．Disagree | D．Regret |
In which part does the passage appear?
| A．Sports news | B．Science fiction | C．High technology | D．Home and abroad |
Years ago, when I started looking for my first job, wise advisers advised, “Barbara, be enthusiastic（热情的）! Enthusiasm will take you further than any amount of experience.” How right they were!
“Nothing great was ever done without enthusiasm,” wrote Ralph Waldo Emerson. It is the paste（浆糊） that helps you hang in there when the things get tough. It is the inner voice that tells you, “I can do it!” when others shout, “No, you can’t!” It took years and years for the early work of Barbara McClintock, a geneticist who won the 1983 Nobel Prize in medicine, to be generally accepted. Yet she didn’t stop working on her experiments.
We are all born with wide-eyed, enthusiastic wonder and it is the childlike wonder that gives enthusiastic people such youthful air, whatever their age. At 90, cellist Pablo Casals would start his day by playing the cello（大提琴）. As the music flowed through his fingers, his shoulders would straighten and joy would reappear in his eyes. As writer and poet Samuel Ullman once worte, “Years wrinkle(起皱纹) the skin, but to give up enthusiasm wrinkles the soul.”
Enthusiastic people also love what they do, not considering money or title or power. Patricia Mellratl, a retired director of the Missouri Rpertory Theater in Kansas City, was once asked where she got her enthusiasm. She replied, “My father, long ago, told me, ‘I never made any money until I stopped working for it.’”
We can’t afford to waste tears on “might-have-been”. We need to turn the tears into sweat as we go after “what-can-be”. We need to live each moment whole-heartedly, with all our senses finding pleasure in the sweet of a backyard garden, the simple picture of a six-year-old, and the beauty of a rainbow.What is the passage mainly talking about?
| A．Enthusiasm is more important than experience. |
| B．Enthusiasm can give people more success and fame |
| C．Enthusiastic people will never get old |
| D．Enthusiasm can make you succeed and enjoy life. |
We can infer that enthusiasm is more important for a person especially when __________.
| A．he is in trouble | B．he is getting old |
| C．he can do what he love | D．he has succeeded |
The author mentions Pablo Casals in the third paragraph to show that ______.
| A．enthusiasm can make people feel young |
| B．music can arouse people’s enthusiasm |
| C．enthusiasm can give people inspiration needed to succeed |
| D．enthusiasm can keep people healthy |
How many examples are referred in the passage to show the importance of enthusiasm?
| A．Three | B．Four | C．Five | D．Six |
Which proverb(谚语) may the writer agree with according to the last paragraph?
| A．A good beginning makes a good ending |
| B．Don’t cry over the spoiled milk |
| C．Love me, love my dog |
| D．All work and no play makes Jack a dull boy |
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