Do you know how it is when you see someone yawn (打哈欠) and you start yawning too? Or how hard it is to be among people laughing and not laugh yourself? Well， obviously it’s because we have mirror neurons (神经元) in our brains.
Put simply， the presence of mirror neurons suggests that every time we see someone else do something， our brains model after it， whether or not we actually perform the same action. This explains a great deal about how we learn to smile， talk， walk， dance or play sports. But the idea goes further： mirror neurons not only appear to explain physical actions，they also tell us that there is a biological basis for the way we understand other people.
Mirror neurons can undoubtedly be found all over our brains，but especially in the areas which relate to our ability to use languages，and to understand how other people feel. Researchers have found that mirror neurons relate strongly to language. A group of researchers discovered that if they gave people sentences to listen to (for example： “The hand took hold of the ball”)， the same mirror neurons were triggered as when the action was actually performed (in this example， actually taking hold of a ball).
Any problems with mirror neurons may well result in problems with behavior. Much research suggests that people with social and behavioral problems have mirror neurons which are not fully functioning (行使职责). However， it is not yet known exactly how these discoveries might help find treatments for social disorders.
Research into mirror neurons seems to provide us with ever more information about how humans behave， communicate and spend time together. Indeed， it may turn out to be nearly the same important thing for neuroscience as what Einstein’s theory of relativity (相对论) was for physics. And the next time you have the strong feeling to cough in the cinema when someone else does – well， perhaps you’ll understand why. Mirror neurons can explain ______.
| A．why we cry when we are hurt |
| B．why we cough when we catch a cold |
| C．why we smile when we see someone else smile |
| D．why we yawn when we see someone else get up late |
The word “triggered” in Paragraph 3 probably means “______”.
| A．set off | B．cut off |
| C．broken out | D．found out |
We can learn from the passage that mirror neurons _______.
| A．relate to human behavior and communication |
| B．decide our knowledge and language abilities |
| C．result in bad behavior and social disorders |
| D．control human actions and appearances |
What is the passage mainly about?
| A．Ways to find mirror neurons. |
| B．Problems of mirror neurons. |
| C．Discovery of mirror neurons. |
| D．Functions of mirror neurons. |
In choosing a friend, one should be very careful. A good friend can help you study. You can have fun together and make each other happy. Sometimes you will meet fair-weather friends. They will be with you as long as you have money or luck, but when you are down, they will run away. How do I know when I have found a good friend? I look for certain qualities(品质) of character, especially understanding, honesty and reliability(可靠).
Above all else, I look for understanding in a friend. A good friend tries to understand how another person is feeling. He is not quick to judge. Instead, he tries to learn from others. He puts himself in the other person’s place, and he tries to think of ways to be helpful. He is also a good listener.
At the same time, however, a good friend is honest. He does not look for faults(过错) in others. He notices their good points. In short, a friend will try to understand me and accept me.
Another quality of a friend is reliability. I can always depend on a good friend. If he tells me he will meet me somewhere at a certain time, I can be sure that he will be there. If I need a favor, he will do his best to help me. If I am in trouble, he will not run away from me.
There is a fourth quality that makes a friend special. A special friend is someone with whom we can have fun. We should enjoy our lives, and we would enjoy our friendship. That is why I especially like friends who are fun to be with. A good friend likes the same things I like. We share experiences and learn from each other. A good friend has a good sense of humor, too. He likes to laugh with me. That is how we share in the joy of being friends. And I know that he is looking for the same quality in me.
When I meet someone who is reliable, honest and understanding, I know I’ve found a friend!Which of the following qualities the writer thinks is the most important in choosing a friend?
| A．Understanding. | B．Honesty. |
| C．Reliability. | D．A sense of humor. |
If you have fair-weather friends, __________.
| A．you will become rich |
| B．you can be sure that you get real friends |
| C．you will be refused when you get into trouble |
| D．they will give you all that they have when you need help |
This passage mainly discusses _________.
| A．the qualities of a friend |
| B．how to get along with friends |
| C．the importance of having a friend |
| D．the importance of the qualities of a friend |
DNA is the whole “map”of the human body. It is something that all humans have, and it tells the body what to do. DNA is the reason that we look like our parents, because we get some of their DNA to make our own.
People have been trying to understand the human body for a long time. In 1860, Mr. Mendel discovered why we look the same as other people in our family. It is because of small things called “genes(基因)” in our body. In 1953, two scientists, Watson and Crick, found out that those small parts are really messages. They’re written in the DNA with a special language.
In 1961, another two scientists found the first “word”that could understand in that language. It shows how DNA tells the cell (细胞) to build its parts. So far, scientists have found all the words in the DNA map, but we still do not understand what they all do. By understanding what just one “word”means, we can help to save people from several illnesses. So the more we understand. The more doctors will be able to do.
Most people hope that this will help to make better medicine and help sick people. Other people worry that when we learn more “words”and find out more information, we will use it in the wrong way, just to make people more attractive(有吸引力的) , or stop sick people getting jobs.When did Mr. Mendel discover why we look the same as other people in our family?
| A．In 2000. | B．In 1961. | C．In 1953. | D．In 1860. |
How can we help sick people if we understand more “words” in the DNA map?
| A．Make better medicine. | B．Make them get jobs. |
| C．Make maps for them. | D．Make them attractive. |
Which one is NOT true according to the article?
| A．We look like our parents because of “genes”in our body. |
| B．We have understood what all the words in the DNA map do. |
| C．DNA is the whole “map”of the human body. |
| D．DNA tells the cell to build its parts. |
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| Live Music Come and enjoy the songs by Qi Qin, one of the most famous singers in the past 20 years. Place: The Stadium Date: June 26th Price: ￥588—1288 Time: 7:00pm Tel: 6935094 |
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If you want to enjoy country music, you should call ________.
| A．8115608 | B．6935094 | C．2711399 | D．2715608 |
You can enjoy Qi Qin’s music at _________.
| A．Rainbow Stadium | B．Rainbow Music Club |
| C．The Stadium | D．John Black’s |
If you want to learn Spanish dancing, how much do you need to pay?
| A．￥300. | B．￥500. | C．￥588. | D．￥1288. |
阅读短文，根据短文内容回答问题。（共10分，每小题2分）
We’ve all heard of mermaids. They are the beautiful half-human, half-fish creatures(生物). They have the head and body of a human and the tail of a fish. We also know that mermaids only exist in fairy tales. But where did all the stories about these creatures come from? If you have ever seen a manatee, then you might have an idea. 
Manatees, which are also called sea cows, are mammals(哺乳动物) that live in the sea. Since they are mammals, they have to swim up to the surface to breathe air. Many people believe that the story of the mermaid began with the ancient sailors who saw the manatees putting their heads out of the water to breathe. Because manatees are upright when they do this, it looks like they are standing. If a sailor saw a manatee doing this from far away across the sea, it is possible that the sailor would mistake the manatee for a creature that is half-human, half-fish.
Mermaids are described as having very long hair. This is probably because manatees like to swim up to the surface of the water in areas where there is sea grass. Manatees eat all kinds of plants in the sea, including sea grass. The sea grass around the manatee’s head when they eat could create a picture of long hair.
Manatees also have powerful tails that are very similar to the fish-like tail of a mermaid. The sailors probably watched manatees come up for air and then swim back below the surface, using their paddle-shaped tails. This would explain why the sailors thought mermaids had fish-like tails.What are mermaids?
Where do manatees live?
Do manatees need to breathe air out of water?
What do manatees eat?
Why did the ancient sailors mistake manatees for mermaids?
阅读短文，根据短文内容，从短文后的五个选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有一项为多余选项。（共8分，每小题2分）
A Frenchman went to a small Italian town and was staying with his wife at the best hotel there. One night, he went out for a walk alone. It was late. . Suddenly he felt someone behind him. He turned his head and saw an Italian young man who quickly walked past him. The man was nearly out of sight when the Frenchman suddenly found that his watch was gone. He thought that it must be the Italian who had taken his watch. because he wanted to get back the watch.
Soon the Frenchman caught up with the Italian. Neither of them understood the other’s language. The Frenchman shook his fist(拳头) in the Italian’s face and pointed at the watch. . In the end he gave up his watch to the Frenchman.
When he returned to the hotel, the Frenchman told his wife what had happened. He was greatly surprised when his wife pointed to the watch on the table. Now he realized that by mistake he had robbed(抢劫) the Italian. .
| A．The Italian was afraid |
| B．It was the Italian’s watch |
| C．He decided to follow him |
| D．The Frenchman got excited |
E. The street was dark and quiet
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