Ascientistturnsouttobeabletose

更新 2022-09-03
科目英语
题型阅读理解
难度中等
浏览 443

A scientist turns out to be able to see the future by offering each of four-year-olds a piece of candy and watching how he or she deals with it. Some children reach eagerly for the candy they see. Some last a few minutes before they give in. But others are determined to wait until the last moment.
By the time the children reach high school, something amazing has happened. A survey found that those who as four-year-olds had enough self-control to hold out generally grew up to be more popular, adventurous, confident and dependable. The children who gave in to temptation (诱惑) early were more likely to be lonely, easily upset in time of difficulties and inflexible (固守己见的).
Actually, the ability to delay reward is a sign of emotional intelligence which doesn’t show up on an IQ test.
The hardware of the brain and the software of the mind have long been scientists’ concerns. But brain theory can’t explain what we wonder about most, like the question why some people remain upbeat in the face of troubles that would defeat a less resistant (有抵抗力的) person.
Here comes the theory of Daniel Goleman, writer of Emotional Intelligence: when it comes to predicting people’s success, brain ability as measured by IQ may actually matter less than the qualities of mind once thought of as “character”.
EQ is not the opposite of IQ. What researchers have been trying to understand is how they work together; how one’s ability to handle stress, for instance, affects the ability to concentrate and put intelligence to use. Among the ingredients (要素) for success, researchers now generally agree that IQ counts for about 20%; the rest depends on everything from social class to luck.
While many researchers in this relatively new field are glad to see emotional issues finally taken seriously, some few fear EQ invites misuse.
Why does the author mention the experiment at the beginning of the text?

A．To introduce the topic of the text.

B．To prove the scientist’s wisdom.

C．To amuse both the children and readers.

D．To show us how to do an IQ test.

The experiment with the four-year-olds makes it clear that .

A．the age of 4 is a proper time for scientific experiment

B．emotional intelligence won’t show up until adolescence

C．the ability of self-control plays a role in personal success

D．candy can be used to measure a person’s emotional intelligence

The underlined word “upbeat” in Paragraph 4 probably means .

A．kind	B．positive
C．floating	D．negative

Which of the following is TRUE of EQ and IQ according to the text?

A．There is no link between EQ and IQ.

B．The higher a person’s IQ is, the higher his or her EQ is.

C．Some people can be blessed with lots of both, but some with little of either.

D．Scientists are trying to discover the way in which EQ and IQ work together.

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第三部分、阅读理解（共15个小题；每小题2分，满分30分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C、D）中，选出最佳选项。
It was a sunny summer day last year when I got the news that I was admitted by the university.
Soon the news spread all over the village. Hearing the news, my parents were more than(不止) happy: big smiles formed on their faces. But behind their happiness and pride for my success, I noticed my parents worries about the heavy financial burden on their shoulders. I kept being calm.
In order to prepare for my study expenses, my parents worked hard day after day all that summer. And the day finally came when I had to go to school which was far away from my hometown. I still remember it was in the morning that we arrived at the bus station. My parents had helped me get everything ready. It was so hot that day: the scorching sun baked the ground dry. The heated air was filled with the crowds’ noise and all kinds of smells coming from the station. Sweat streamed down my parents’face. I took my seat on the 11 AM bus and looked at my parents through the window, waiting for the bus to start. Two minutes to 11:00！ My heart leapt (强烈跳动). I suddenly recalled all the efforts they made for me, all the energy and all the sweat they spent on me. They were so selfless! I almost burst into tears! While I kept my tears back, I turned around, for I didn’t want them to see me crying…
The last moment came. The bus started and was moving further away from my parents. They waved at me and I turned toward them, watching their shadows disappearing gradually into the sea of people. I, an 18-year-old girl, who had never left my hometown, began my long trip to my school.
I didn’t know what would the future be, but I knew that I would have a long way to go, and I believe I could be brave enough to take up all the challenges in my future life with my family’s love, their wordless and selfless love.
I will be always thankful for this love.
56.From the passage, we can learn that ______.
A.her parents are very rich and generous
B.her parents wouldn’t support the writer to further study
C.her parents think high education is very important for their child
D.her parents have been always happy on hearing the news
57.The writer’s parents have the following feelings except _______ according to the passage.
A. pride B. happiness C. worry D. regret
58.Which of the following statements is true according to the passage?
A. Her parents worked hard day and night in order to prepare for the study cost.
B. Her parents had helped her get everything ready before she arrived at the station in the morning.
C. It was so hot and windy and they feel comfortable.
D. The writer took her seat on the 11 PM bus and looked at her parents through the window.
59.Which of the following is the closest in the meaning to the underlined word?
A. Provided. B. Understood. C. Offered. D. Remembered.

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What will people die of 100 years form now? If you think that is a simple question, you have not been paying attention to the revolution that is taking place in bio-technology. With the help of new medicine, the human body will last a very long time. Death will come mainly from accidents, murder and war. Today’s leading killers, such as heart disease, cancer, and aging itself, will become distant memories.
In discussion of technological changes, the Internet gets most of the attention of our times. How long can humans live? Human brains were known to decide the final death. Cells are the basic units of all living things, and until recently, scientists were sure that the life of cells could not go much beyond 120 years because the basic materials of cells, such as those of brain cells, would not last forever. But the upper limits will be broken by new medicine. Sometime between 2050 and 2100, medicine will have advanced to the point at which every 10 years or so, people will be able to take medicine to repair their organs. The medicine, made up of the basic building materials of life, will build new brain cells, heart cells, and so on-in much the same way our bodies make new skin cells to take the place of old ones.
It is exciting to imagine that the advance in technology may be changing the most basic condition of human existence, but many technical problems still must be cleared up on the way to this wonderful future.
61. According to the passage, human death is now mainly caused by    .
A. Diseases and aging    B. accidents and war
C. accidents and aging   D. heart disease and war
62. in the author’s opinions, today’s most important advance in technology lies in    .
A. the Internet    B. medicine     C. brain cells     D. human organs
63. humans may live longer in the future because    .
A．heart disease will be far away from us
B．human brains can decide the final death
C．the basic materials of cells will last forever
D．human organs can be repaired by new medicine
64. How long can humans live in the future?
A. Over 100 years.    B. More than 120 years.
C. About 150 years.   D. The passage doesn’t tell us.
65. It can be learnt form the passage that    .
A．human life will not last more than 120 years in the future
B．human have to take medicine to build new skin cells now
C．much needs to the done before humans can have a longer life
D．we have already solved the technical problems in building new cells

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The writing of Shakespeare are today little read by young people in Britain. His young readership is limited to those who choose to study literature at university.
Shakespeare’s work, together with most other classics, is seen as remote, and written in a 400-year-old version of English that is about as inviting as toothache．
Still，in British schools，it is compulsory to study the bard（诗人），and when something is made compulsory，usually the result is boredom，resentment（憎恨）or both．
This was my experience of the classics at school．But when I reached my late teenage years，I had a change of heart．Like every other young person since the dawn of time，the world confused me．I wanted answers，So I turned to books to find them．
I went on to take a PhD in literature and have taught it in Britain and China．I have never regretted it．There is something in literature that people want，even if they don’t read books．You see this in the popularity of TV and movie adaptations of great works，the recent film version of Jane Austen’s Pride and Prejudice being a case in point．These popular adaptations may help increase people’s interest in the classics．
Reading a simplified Romeo and Juliet may perhaps lead to a reading of Shakespeare’s actual play．If that is the case，then I welcome the trend．But do not make the mistake of thinking that it is the same thing．Shakespeare is a poet．His greatness is in his language．Reading someone else’s rewriting of his work is like peeling a banana，throwing away the fruit，and eating the skin．Take on the original．It really is worth the effort．
56．Which of the following is true according to the passage?
A．The language used in classics is no longer in use today．
B．British students usually find compulsory reading dull．
C．Only those studying literature read Shakespeare’s works．
D．For British people，Shakespeare’s works are no longer classics．
57．According to the passage，the writer          .
A．has liked literary classics since an early age
B．was forced to read the classics for a PhD
C．turned to literature to seek answers in his teens
D．thinks only people who read books like literature
58．The popularity of TV and movie adaptations of great works may help people         .
A．1earn more about tradition
B．get a PhD in literature
C．seek their answers about the world
D．become more interested in the classics
59．The underlined phrase “a case in point” in Paragraph 5 is closest in meaning to “      ”.
A．a great hit   B．a good example
C．a movie adaptation D．a popular phenomenon
60．What does the writer intend to tell us in the last paragraph?
A．The fruit of a banana is more useful than its skin．
B．The rewriting trend does more harm than good．
C．Readers should try to read the original works．
D．Readers need to learn the language in the classics．

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第三部分阅读理解（共20小题；每小题2分，满分40分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡将该项涂黑。
It was a quiet village in which there was a military camp(军营).It was far from the towns and cities and there were some high mountains around. Of course it was a good place for training the new soldiers. But it was difficult for the young men to go outside. Mr. White, an officer of forty, was strict with them and he hardly let them leave the camp.
Once Mr. White was ill in bed. He couldn’t work and a young officer, Mr. Hunt began to train the new soldiers instead of him. He knew the young men well and let nine soldiers go to the nearest town to have a holiday. But night fell and none came back to the camp. He was worried about it and stood at the gate. It was five to twelve when Mr. Hunt decided to go to the town and see what was happening to the young men. He started the car quickly and set off. At that moment the nine soldiers came back. It seemed they drank wine. Of course they found the officer was angry.
“I’m sorry, sir,” said the first soldier. “I left the town on time. But something was wrong with my bus on my way here. I had to buy a horse and made it run fast. Bad luck! It died and I had to run back.”
And the other seven soldiers said they were late for the same reasons. It was the last soldier’s turn. He said, “I’m sorry, sir. I got on a bus on time, but…”
Having heard this, the officer became even angrier and stopped him at once. He called out, “If you say something was wrong with your bus, I’ll punish you at once!”
“No, no, sir,” said the young man. “My bus was all right, but the dead horses were in its way!”
51.The military camp was built in the village to     .
A. stop the soldiers from going to towns
B. stop the soldiers from meeting their friends
C. train the new soldiers
D. make the young men live quietly
52.Mr Hunt let the nine soldiers have a holiday because      .
A. he was kind to them                B. they felt lonely
C. they had something important to do    D. they were the best of all
53.The young officer was worried because      .
A. a traffic accident had happened
B. he was afraid something happened to the nine soldiers
C. the nine soldiers would come back
D. the nine soldiers drank too much in the town
54.The nine soldiers returned to the camp late because       .
A. something was wrong with their buses    B. their horses died on the return way
C. it took them much time to run back        D. they all drank much in the town
55.What can be inferred form the story?
A. Only the last soldier told the truth.
B. The officer would punish them for their lies.
C. The nine soldiers would be punished but the last one.
D. The nine soldiers were honest and believable.

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　　Even plant can run a fever, especially when they’re under attack by insects or disease. But unlike human, plants can have their temperature taken from 3, 000 feet away straight up. A decade ago, adopting the infrared （红外线）scanning technology developed for military purposes and other satellites, physicist Stephen Paley came up with a quick way to take the temperature of crops to determine which ones are under stress. The goal was to let farmers precisely target pesticide （杀虫剂）spraying rather than rain poison on a whole field, which invariably includes plants that don’t have pest （害虫）problems.
　　Even better, Paley’s Remote Scanning Services Company could detect crop problems before they became visible to the eye. Mounted on a plane flown at 3, 000 feet at night, an infrared scanner measured the heat emitted by crops. The data were transformed into a color-coded map showing where plants were running“fevers”. Farmers could then spot-spray, using 50 to 70 percent less pesticide than they otherwise would.
　　The bad news is that Paley’s company closed down in 1984, after only three years. Farmers resisted the new technology and long - term backers were hard to find. But with the renewed concern about pesticides on produce, and refinements in infrared scanning, Paley hopes to get back into operation. Agriculture experts have no doubt the technology works. “This technique can be used on 75 percent of agricultural land in the United States, ” says George Oerther of Texas A & M. Ray Jackson , who recently retired from the Department of Agriculture, thinks remote infrared crop scanning could be adopted by the end of the decade. But only ff Paley finds the financial backing which he failed to obtain 10 years ago.
51．Plants will emit an increased amount of heat when they are______________.
A. sprayed with pesticides　　
B. facing an infrared scanner
C. in poor physical condition　　
D. exposed to excessive sun rays
52．In order to apply pesticide spraying precisely, we can use infrared scanning to____________.
A. estimate the damage to the crops　　
B. measure the size of the affected area
C. draw a color-coded map　　
D. locate the problem area
53．Farmers can save a considerable amount of pesticide by______________.
A. resorting to spot-spraying　　
B. consulting infrared scanning experts
C. transforming poisoned rain　　
D. detecting crop problems at an early stage
54．The application of infrared scanning technology to agriculture met with some difficulties
_______________.
A. the lack of official support　　
B. its high cost
C. the lack of financial support　
D. its failure to help increase production
55．Infrared scanning technology may be brought back into operation because of_____________.
　　A. the desire of farmers to improve the quality of their produce
　　B. growing concern about the excessive use of pesticides on crops
　　C. the forceful promotion by the Department of Agriculture
　　D. full support from agricultural experts

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