It was once common to regard Britain as a society with class distinction. Each class had unique characteristics.
In recent years, many writers have begun to speak the 'decline of class' and 'classless society' in Britain. And in modern day consumer society everyone is considered to be middle class.
But pronouncing the death of class is too early. A recent wide-ranging society of public opinion found 90 percent of people still placing themselves in particular class; 73 percent agreed that class was still a vital part of British society; and 52 percent thought there were still sharp class differences. Thus, class may not be culturally and politically obvious, yet it remains an important part of British society. Britain seems to have a love of stratification.
One unchanging aspect of a British person's class position is accent. The words a person speaks tell her or his class. A study of British accents during 1970s found that a voice sounding like a BBC newsreader was viewed as the most attractive voice, Most people said this accent sounded 'educated' and 'soft'. The accents placed at the bottom in this study, on the other hand, were regional（地区的）city accents. These accents were seen as 'common' and 'ugly'. However, a similar study of British accents in the US turned these results upside down and placed some regional accents as the most attractive and BBC English as the least. This suggests that British attitudes towards accent have deep roots and are based on class prejudice.
In recent years, however, young upper middle-class people in London, have begun to adopt some regional accents, in order to hide their class origins. This is an indication of class becoming unnoticed. However, the 1995 pop song 'Common People' puts forward the view that though a middle-class person may 'want to live like common people' they can never appreciate the reality of a working-class life.A recent study of public opinion shows that in modern Britain ________.
| A．it is time to end class distinction |
| B．most people belong to middle class |
| C．it is easy to recognize a person’s class |
| D．people regard themselves socially different |
The word stratification in Paragraph 3 is closest in meaning to ________.
| A．variety |
| B．most people belong to middle class |
| C．authority |
| D．qualification |
The study in the US showed that BBC English was regarded as _________.
| A．regional |
| B．educated |
| C．prejudiced |
| D．unattractive |
British attitudes towards accent _________.
| A．have a long tradition |
| B．are based on regional status |
| C．are shared by the Americans |
| D．have changed in recent years |
What is the main idea of the passage?
| A．The middle class is expanding |
| B．A person’s accent reflects his class |
| C．Class is a key part of British society |
| D．Each class has unique characteristics. |
A few months ago, millions of people in London heard alarms all over the town. The Emergency Services, the Fire Departments, the Police, hospitals, and ambulances stood by, ready to go into action. In railway underground stations, people read notices and maps that told them where to go and what to do in the emergency. This was Exercise Flood Call, to prepare people for a flood emergency. London wasn't flooded. In 1928, people living in Westminster, the heart of London, drowned in floods. And in 1953, one hundred people, living on the eastern edge of the London suburbs were killed, again, in the floods. At last, Greater London Council took actions to prevent this disaster from happening again. Though a flood wall was built in the 1960s, Londoners still must be prepared for the possible disaster. If it happens, 50 underground stations will be under water. Electricity, gas and phone services will be out of action. Roads will be drowned. It will be impossible to cross any of the bridges between north and south London. Imagine: London will look like the famous Italian city, Venice. But this Exercise Flood Call didn't cause panic among Londoners. Most people knew it was just a warning. One lady said, "It's a flood warning, isn't it. ? The water doesn't look high to me."What topic is treated in this passage?
| A．Possible Damages Caused by Floods |
| B．Emergency Exercise in London |
| C．Flood Emergency in London |
| D．London Floods in History |
What measure was taken against floods in London in the 1960s?
| A．50 underground stations were made waterproof. |
| B．Rescue teams were formed. |
| C．An alarm system was set up. |
| D．A flood wall was built. |
The purpose of the Exercise Flood Call is to ______.
| A．train the civil service for the flood |
| B．prevent the flood from happening |
| C．fill people in London with alarm |
| D．prepare people against floods |
The author quotes (引述) 3the woman to ______.
| A．describe how frightened most of the Londoners were |
| B．argue that it's impossible to prevent floods in London |
| C．show that most Londoners took Exercise Flood Call calmly |
| D．prove that the Exercise Flood Call did cause a lot of trouble to Londoners |
On hearing the words "Just do it!", you will know there is a Nike product nearby. If it's "Always Coca-Cola", you can be sure someone wants to sell you a refreshing drink.
An advertising slogan is to a brand what eyes are to a person. The slogan helps people understand the brand better by telling them what it wants to sell to its customers. Good slogans leave a message inside people's minds. It's almost certain that every brand has a popular slogan.
Here are a few examples:
"Just do it!'--This slogan speaks out to teens. It tells them to do something, but only if they think it's worth it. And if so, why not do it wearing Nike?
"Always Coca-Cola.' Coke's slogans change every few years, but this one has enjoyed a lasting popularity because it shows the brand's spirit. It seems to say "Coke is the only drink there is; there are no other forms of drinks."
"Share moments, share life." This slogan from Kodak connects photos and beauty. It takes people to remember the happy moments in life by taking photos of them using Kodak film of course!What would be the best title for the text?
| A．Just Do It! | B．Slogan And Brand |
| C．Famous Slogans | D．What is a Good Slogan. |
Which of the following can best explain the underlined sentence ?
| A．A good advertising slogan should draw people's attention. |
| B．A brand should have an advertising slogan just as people have eyes. |
| C．An advertising slogan is as important to a brand as eyes are to a person. |
| D．An advertising slogan acts as the eyes of a brand. |
The word "them" in the last paragraph refers to ______.
| A．people | B．the happy moments |
| C．photos and beauty | D．Kodak film |
A characteristic of American culture that has become almost a tradition is to respect the self-made man--the man who has risen to the top through his own efforts, usually beginning by working with his hands. While the leader in business or industry or the college professor occupies a higher social position and commands greater respect in the community than the common laborer or even the skilled factory worker, he may take pains to point out that his father started life in America as a farmer or laborer of some sort.
This attitude toward manual (体力的) labor is now still seen in many aspects of American life. One is invited to dinner at a home that is not only comfortably but even luxuriously (豪华地) furnished and in which there is every evidence of the fact that the family has been able to afford foreign travel, expensive hobbies, and college education for the children; yet the hostess probably will cook the dinner herself, will serve it herself and will wash dishes afterward, furthermore the dinner will not consist merely of something quickly and easily assembled from contents of various cans and a cake or a pie bought at the near- by bakery. On the contrary, the hostess usually takes pride in careful preparation of special dishes. A professional man may talk about washing the car, digging in his flowerbeds, painting the house. His wife may even help with these things, just as he often helps her with the dishwashing. The son who is away at college may wait on table and wash dishes for his living, or during the summer he may work with a construction gang on a highway in order to pay for his education.From Paragraph 1 , we can know that in America
| A．people tend to have a high opinion of the self--made man |
| B．people can always rise to the top through their own efforts |
| C．college professors win great respect from common workers |
| D．people feel painful to mention their fathers as laborers |
According to the passage, the hostess cooks dinner herself mainly because
| A．servants in America are hard to get |
| B．she takes pride in what she can do herself |
| C．she can hardly afford servants |
| D．it is easy to prepare a meal with canned food |
The expression "wait on table" in the second paragraph means
| A．work in a furniture shop |
| B．keep accounts for a bar |
| C．wait to lay the table |
| D．serve customers in a restaurant |
Which of the following may serve as the best title of the passage?
| A．A Respectable Self--made Family |
| B．American Attitude toward Manual Labor |
| C．Characteristics of American Culture |
| D．The Development of Manual Labor |
Riding School：
You can start horse—riding at any age．Choose private or group lessons any weekday be 9 a．m．and 8：30 P．m．(3：30 p．m．on Saturdays)．There are 10 kilometers of tracks and paths for leisurely rides across farmland and open country．You will need a riding hat．
Opening Hours：Monday through Friday：9：00 a．m．—8：30 p．m．
Phone：(412)396—6754 Fax：(412)396—6752
Sailing Club：
Our Young Sailor’s Course leads to the Stage 1 Sailing qualification．You’ll learn how to sail safely and the course also covers sailing theory and first aid．Have fun with other course member , afterwards in the clubroom．There are 10 weekly two-hour 1essons (Tuesdays 6 p．m．～8 Pp．m．)．
Opening Hours：Tuesdays：6：00 p．m．—8：00 p．m．
Phone：(412)396—6644 Fax：(412)396—6644
Diving Centre：
Our experienced instructors offer one-month courses in deep-sea diving for beginners．There are two evening lessons a week，in which you learn to breathe underwater and use the equipment safely．You only need fl swimming costume and towel．Reduced rates for couples．
Opening Hours：Monday and Friday：6：30 p．m．—8：30 p．m．
Phone：(412)396—6312 Fax：(412)396—6706
Medical Center：
The staff of the Medical Center aim to provide convenient and comprehensive medical care to students and staff of the university．The center is well equipped and the staff here are trained to deal wit h a broad range of medical problems．Both female and male doctors as well as nursing staff are available for consultation．Also，all kinds of medicines are sold here and are cheaper for students than other drugstores．
Opening Hours：24 hour from Monday to Sunday
Phone：(412)396--6649 Fax：(412)396—6648
Watersports Club：
We use a two-kilometer length of river for speedboat racing，and water-skiing，A beginners’course consist s of ten 20-minute lessons．You will learn to handle boats safely and confidently，but must be able to swim．The club is in a convenient central position and is open daily from 9 a．m to 4 p．m，with lessons all through the day．
Opening Hours：Monday through Friday：9：00 a．m．—4：00 p．m．
Phone：(412)396—6899 Fax：(412)396—6890If you want to swim and enjoy activities which are fast and a bit dangerous，you should join ．
| A．Watersports Club | B．Diving Centre | C．Sailing Club | D．Riding School |
If you want to experience a new activity in the countryside in the mornings，you may fax ．
| A．(412)396—6648 | B．(412)396—6706 |
| C．(412)396—6752 | D．(412)396—6876 |
If you are planning to explore the ocean depths, you should attend your lessons at .
| A．24 hour from Monday to Sunday |
| B． Monday and Friday：6：30 p．m．—8：30 p．m． |
| C．Tuesdays：6：00 p．m．—8：00 p．m． |
| D．Monday through Friday：7：00 a．m．—10：00 p．m． |
You want to do an activity one evening a week and get a certificate in the end，you can go to ．
| A．Watersports Club | B．Diving Center |
| C．Sailing Club | D．Riding School |
Which is NOT the convenience that the Medical Center provides?
| A．Good equipment． |
| B．Well trained staff members． |
| C．Various less expensive medicines． |
| D．Nursery for newly-born babies |
About six years ago I was eating lunch in a restaurant in New York City when a woman and a young boy sat down at the next table, I couldn’t help overhearing parts of their conversation. At one point the woman asked, “So, how have you been?” And the boy — who could not have been more than seven or eight years old — replied. “Frankly, I’ve been feeling a little depressed lately.”
This incident stuck in my mind because it confirmed (确认) my growing belief that children are changing. As far as I can remember, my friends and I didn’t find out we were “depressed”, that is, in low spirits, until we were in high school.
Undoubtedly a change in children has increased steadily in recent years. Children don’t seem childlike anymore. Children speak more like adults, dress more like adults and behave more like adults than they used to.
Whether this is good or bad is difficult to say, but it certainly is different. Childhood as it once was no longer exists. Why?
Human development is depended not only on born biological states, but also on patterns of gaining social knowledge. Movement from one social role to another usually involves learning the secrets of the new social positions. Children have always been taught adult secrets, but slowly and in stages; traditionally, we tell sixth graders things we keep hidden from fifth graders.
In the last 30 years, however, a secret-revelation (揭示) machine has been equipped in 98 percent of American homes. It is called television. Television passes information to all viewers alike, whether they are children or adults. Unable to resist the temptation (诱惑) , many children turn their attention from printed texts to the less challenging, more attractive moving pictures.
Communication through print, as a matter of fact, allows for a great deal of control over the social information which children will gain. Children must read simple books before they can read complex materials.According to the author, feeling depressed is ________.
| A．a sure sign of a mental problem in a child |
| B．a mental state present in all humans, including children |
| C．something that cannot be avoided in children’s mental development |
| D．something hardly to be expected in a young child |
Traditionally, a child is supposed to learn about the adult world _________.
| A．through connection with society |
| B．gradually and under guidance |
| C．naturally without being taught |
| D．through watching television |
According to the author, that today’s children seem adultlike results from ______.
| A．the widespread influence of television |
| B．the poor arrangement of teaching content |
| C．the fast pace of human scientific development |
| D．the rising standard of living |
What does the author think of communication through print for children?
| A．It enables children to gain more social information. |
| B．It develops children’s interest in reading and writing. |
| C．It helps children to read and write well. |
| D．It can control what children are to learn. |
What does the author think of the change in today’s children?
| A．He feels their adultlike behavior is so funny. |
| B．He thinks the change worthy of note. |
| C．He considers it a rapid development. |
| D．He seems to be upset about it. |
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