Recently a new science behind incentives(激励), ___ (include) in education, has been discussed. For example, researcher Roland Fryer wanted to see what works best in motivating children _
__ (do) better in school. ___
_ some cases, he gave students incentives based on input(输入), like reading certain books, while in
___, the incentives _
(base) on output, like results on exams. His main _
_ (find) was that incentives increased achievement when based on input but had no effect when based on output. Fryer’s conclusion was that the incentives for inputs might be
____ (effect) because students do not know how to do better on an exam, apart from general rules like “study harder”. Reading certain books, on the other hand, is a well-set task over
___ they have much more control.
As long as you have direct control over your goal, you have __ much higher chance of success. And it’s easier to start again
you fail, because you know exactly what you need to do.
第一部分： 语法填空：(共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分)
A couple had been married for over 60 years. They shared everything, talked about everything and kept no secretseach other except that the woman had a box in a drawer
she had cautioned her husband never to open or ask her about
He’d never thought about it ever since. One day woman got very sick and the doctor, said she wouldn’t recover. To sort out their affairs, the husband took down the box and
(bring) it to his wife’s bedside. She agreed it was time that he should know
was in the box.
(open) it, he found two small table mats and a sum of money totaling $ 25,000. He asked her about the contents. “When we were to be married,” she said, “my grandma told me the secret of happy
(marry) was never to argue, and I should just keep quiet and make a mat
I got angry with you.”
The man was so (move) that he had to fight back tears. She had only been angry with him twice in all those years of living and loving! “Honey,” he said, “that explains the mats, but what about the money? Where did it come from?”
“Oh,” she said, “that’s the money I made from selling .”
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The only survivor of a shipwreck was washed up on a small, uninhabited island. He prayed worriedly for God to rescue him, and every day he scanned the horizon for help, but seemed forthcoming. Exhausted, he
(eventual) managed to build a little hut out of driftwood to protect him
the bad weather, and to store his few possessions. But then one day, after searching for food, he arrived home to find his little hut in flames, the smoke
(roll) up to the sky. The worst had happened;
was lost. He was almost fainted with grief and anger. "God, how could you do this to me!" he cried. Early the next day, however, he was awakened by the sound of a ship that
(approach) the island. It had come to rescue him. "How did you know I was here?" he asked one of his
(rescue). "We saw your smoke signal," they replied.
It is easy to get discouraged when things are going bad. But we lose heart,
God is at work in our lives, even in the midst of pain and suffering.
Remember, next time your little hut is burning to the ground it just may be smoke signal from the grace of God. For all the negative things we have to say to ourselves, God has a positive answer for them.
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A rich land owner decided to leave possessions to one of his two sons. As he lay on the deathbed, he called the two young men to him before break of dawn and even before the cock could crow. He then said, “I will leave all my earth to the one
can best fill this room. It was in this room
I made plans on how to build up my fortune. Not an inch must
(leave) uncovered. As I am getting
(weak) by the hour you both must come back by midnight.” He handed them a small piece of silver and an empty bag to put their purchases in. They both went out and
(hurry) came back with their purchases.
(bring) the straw, the elder began to spread it around the floor,
far from filling the room. It did not even cover half the space. “This is no use, son,” said the father, “and let me see how
brother fills the room.” The younger son took
his bag a large candle, set it on the table in the center of the room and lit it. A brilliant bright light filled up the whole room. The father was delighted and exclaimed, “Son, I am sure you will use the wealth well.”
Sleep is _ people have to have. However, it is
(occasion) interrupted halfway for some reason. One disturbing night, I woke up, _
(wonder) what had caused the break of my sleep. Failing to find the reason, I forced _
to go back to sleep. Turning over and over, I became desperate. I couldn’t help but _
(get) up, and _
_ (feel) for the students’ writings taken _
_ school. In the deadly silence, the light witnessed my working on
_ writings,
_ lasted almost one hour.
_ the work over, sleep returned to greet me. Was I funny or amazing?
阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容(不多于3个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。
In 1908 Lord Henry __ (offer) a prize of ￡ 1,000 to the first man who would fly _
_ the English Channel. Over a year passed
_ the first attempt was made. On July _
_ (nine), in the early morning, Hubert took off from the French coast _
_ his plane Antonio IV . Had traveled only seven miles across the Channel when his engine failed _
he was forced to land on the sea. The Antonio floated on the water _
_ Hubert _
_ (pick up )by a ship. _
he was rescued, he failed to receive the prize, _
reduced him to great embarrassment .
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