When a person does a certain thing again, he is impelled(迫使) by some unseen force to do the same thing repeatedly; thus a habit is formed. Once a habit is formed, it is difficult, and sometimes impossible, to get rid of.
Children often form bad habits, some of which remain with them as long as they live. Older persons also form bad habits as long as they live. Older persons also form bad habits, and sometimes become ruined by them.
Many successful men say that much of their success has something to do with certain habits in early life, such as early rising, honesty and thoroughness.
Among the habits which children should not form are laziness, lying, stealing and so on. Unfortunately older persons often form habits which ought to have been avoided.
| A．There are other habits which, when formed in early life, are of great help. |
| B．Whether good or not habit are, they are easy to get rid of. |
| C．We ought to keep from all these bad habits, and try to form such habits as will prove good for ourselves and others. |
| D．Habits, whether good or bad, are gradually formed. |
E. It is very important for us to know why we should get used to good habits.
F. These are all easily formed habits.
G. It is therefore very important that we should pay great attention to the formation of habits.
It often seems that people have a hard time in speaking a seemingly familiar name. Did you ever have someone's name on the tip of your tongue and yet you were not able to recall it? When this happened，what did you do? Next time this happens again，what should you do?
You should not try to recall it. Instead, just do something else for a couple of minutes and then the name may come into your head. Why? The name is just there, since you have met this person and learned his name. It, waiting there, only has to be dug out. The initial(最初的) effort to recall prepares the mind for operation, but it is the subconscious (下意识的) activities that go to work to dig up a dim（模糊的）memory. Forcing yourself to recall almost never helps because it doesn't loosen your memory; it only tightens it.
That’s why students find the preparatory method greatly helpful in examinations. They read over the questions before trying to answer any of them. Then they answer first the ones of which they are most confident. At the same time, deeper mental activities in the subconscious mind are taking place; work is being done on the more difficult questions. By the time the easier questions are answered, answers to the more difficult ones will usually begin to come into consciousness. It is often just a question of waiting for recall to come to the memory.
You see, forcing ourselves to think hard to recall something usually doesn’t help. Chances are that the harder we think, the more difficulty we face in thinking of what we want to. Offering our mind time to work is what we are expected to do.
| Problem |
People |
| Solution |
They are |
| It takes time for the subconscious activities to go to work to dig up a dim memory, in which case forcing oneself to recall can make the memory |
|
| Example |
Students find the preparatory method of great |
| People should offer their mind time to work so that a dim memory can be |
Hospital emergency rooms treat injured fingers all the time. Without treatment, a bad cut can lead to permanent damage. But how should a person know when a bleeding cut is serious enough to require medical attention?
Here are some tips from Dr. Martin Brown, chairman of the department of emergency at Inova Alexandria Hospital in Virginia.
1. Laceration (裂口)
The medical term for a cut or tear in the skin is a laceration. A long cut on a finger can likely be treated without a visit to a doctor if the wound is not very deep. However, if you have a short but deep laceration, you will need professional attention.
2. Fingertips cut off
Some injuries, like a fingertip that gets cut off, might even need surgery to repair. More often, cutting down the bone is what is done because reattaching a fingertip is often not successful.
3. Bleeding
Small cuts usually produce what is known as venous (静脉的) bleeding. This means the blood flows steadily from the injury. The bleeding will often stop when pressure is put on the wound. In most cases holding direct pressure with a clean cloth for four to five minutes would do. But if a cut appears to be pumping blood out with some force, this may be a sign of arterial (动脉的) bleeding.
Finally, always keep this in mind: even a cut that does not require medical attention must be kept clean to prevent infection. Small cuts should be cleaned gently with clean water. Then cover it with a clean, dry bandage.
| A．How a wound bleeds can be a sign of how serious it is. |
| B．That requires a specialist to either cut down the bone or reattach the fingertip. |
| C．This kind of injury should be treated by a medical professional as soon as possible. |
| D．The first signs of this disease include difficulty opening the mouth. |
E. Use a washcloth to clean the area if the wound is dirty.
F. With a cut finger, holding the hand above the heart can reduce the loss of blood.
G. The length is usually not as important as the depth.
Directions: Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need.
| A. psychological B. proportion C. suspected D. confessed E. kidnapped F. minors G. striving H. Intermediate I. transformed J. mysteriously K. remained |
Teen killers spur discussion on youth crime
NANNING—A high school student who was sentenced to life in prison for killing a 9-year-old girl has sparked discussions on juvenile delinquency (少年犯罪) in China.
The defendant, surnamed Lyu, the victim in December 2012, molested (骚扰)her, and beat her to death, according to a statement released by the
People’s Court in the city of Xinzhou in North China’s Shanxi province on Saturday.
The court said the crimes committed were so horrible that no mitigation (减轻) was offered.
The case was just one more in a series of similar cases committed by .
Back in February of this year, the son of a famous Chinese singer was detained in Beijing along with four others for their alleged involvement in a gang rape.
Beijing police refused to disclose the name of the minor, but police insiders who requested anonymity said he is the son of Li Shuangjiang, dean of the music department of the People’s Liberation Army Academy of Arts.
In April, a 12-year-old boy killed a 76-year-old woman in Guiping City in south China’s Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region. The boy, who is currently in custody, to police that he never wanted to kill the woman, and that he only wanted to steal money from her.
Many have expressed concern on the Internet about the conditions of China’s underage population, wondering what
these little “flowers of the motherland” into “carnivorous plants” in a country
for a harmonious society.
These cases are not rare, said Xia Xueluan, professor with the Department of Sociology at Peking University, adding that juvenile crimes in China, which have decreased in recent years, are still large in number.
From 2002 to 2011, the rate of recidivism of China’s juvenile offenders at 1 percent to 2 percent, according to a white paper on judicial reform published in October of last year, which also reported drops in juvenile delinquency cases and the
of juvenile offenders among the total criminal population.
However, China’s juvenile offender number is still high, standing at around 67,000 in 2011, according to the white paper.
“The national average rate of juvenile delinquency may have fallen, but in many parts of the country, youth crimes are still on the rise,” Xia said.
My daughter Chloe is starting out in college in the fall. With her newfound independence will come the newfound responsibilities of dealing with money. Now I have a few lessons I’d like to share with Chloe, and with anyone else starting out in college.
OK, this is almost the only lesson you need. The biggest reason you get into money problems is that you spend money you don’t really have. Then you end up in the hole, and it’s hard to get out of the hole. You work too many hours to keep up with your spending. And you end up with a life that’s about nothing but trying to pay for all the spending on something you don’t really need.
Make a very simple budget (预算). It’s a terrible thing for people who’ve never done a budget, but it’s not hard. If the bills add up to more than the income, remove some bills.
Pay bills right away. If you have the money, pay the bill as soon as it comes in. You can usually do this online, but if not, it’s just a matter of writing a check, putting it in an envelope, and writing out an address — two minutes. If you let the bill paying get pushed back, it becomes a terrible thing.
That’s all you need to know. If you save when you’re in college, avoid debt, and pay bills on time, you’re golden.
| A．Spend less than you earn. |
| B．List your income, then list your bills. |
| C．So spend less, work less, worry less, be happier. |
| D．Find ways to get things done you need to get done. |
E. If you spend less than you earn, you won’t be in debt.
F. Like many young people, she hates thinking about money.
G. Do this two-minute action at once, so you don’t have to worry about it later.
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项
The sea has always interested man. From it they can get food, minerals, and treasure. ____ But he could not go far beneath its surface __
__. However, he is not a fish. He must breathe air, so he can’t stay under the water’s surface for any length of time. To explore deep water, man faces even more dangers and problems. A diver who wants to stay under water for more than a few minutes must breathe air or a special mixture of gases __
__. He can carry a tank of air on his back and breathe through a nose and mouth piece. Water weighs 800 times as much as air. Tons of water pushes against a diver deep in the sea _
__. When a diver is under great pressure, his blood takes in some of the gases he breathes. As he rises to surface, the water pressure less. If the diver rises too quickly, the gases in his blood form bubbles (气泡). The diver is then suffering from the bends (潜水夫病).The bends can cause a diver to double up in pain __
__ .
| A．His body is under great pressure. |
| B．Scientistsaretryingtofindmoreaboutthesea. |
| C．Forthousandsofyears,hecouldsailonit. |
| D．Theycanevenkillhim. |
E. He can wear a diving suit and have air pumped to him from above.
F. The water pressure can cause a diver to breathe with difficulty.
G. Man wants to explore deep into the sea.
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