Thinkaboutthedifferentwaysthat

更新 2022-09-03
科目英语
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难度中等
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Think about the different ways that people use the wind.You can use it to fly a kite or to sail a boat.Wind is one of our cleanest and richest power sources （来源），as well as one of the oldest.Evidence shows that windmills （风车） began to be used in ancient Iran back in the seventh century BC.They were first introduced to Europe during the 1100s,when armies returned from the Middle East with knowledge of using wind power.
For many centuries,people used windmills to grind （磨碎） wheat into flour or pump water from deep underground.When electricity was discovered in the late 1800s,people living in remote areas began to use them to produce electricity.This allowed them to have electric lights and radio.However,by the 1940s when electricity was available to people in almost all areas of the United States,windmills were rarely used.
During the 1970s,people started becoming concerned about the pollution that is created when coal and gas are burned to produce electricity.People also realized that the supply of coal and gas would not last forever.Then,wind was rediscovered,though it means higher costs.Today,there is a global movement to supply more and more of our electricity through the use of wind.
From the text we know that windmills .

A．were invented by European armies

B．have a history of more than 2,800 years

C．used to supply power to radio in remote areas

D．have rarely been used since electricity was discovered

What was a new use for wind power in the late 19th century?

A．Sailing a boat.

B．Producing electricity.

C．Grinding wheat into flour.

D．Pumping water from underground.

One of the reasons wind was rediscovered in the 1970s is that .

A．wind power is cleaner

B．it is one of the oldest power sources

C．it was cheaper to create energy from wind

D．the supply of coal and gas failed to meet needs

What would the author probably discuss in the paragraph that follows?

A．The advantages of wind power.

B．The design of wind power plants.

C．The worldwide movement to save energy.

D．The global trend towards producing power from wind.

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Planet Hunter
When Geoff Marcy was 14, his parents bought him a telescope. Every night, he would go onto the roof outside his window to see the wonders of the sky.
“What excited me most was whether there were planets（行星）in other solar（太阳的）systems where life might exist, ”he says. “I decided to try to find planets orbiting（沿…轨道运行）other stars like our Sun.”
And he did. “My fellow researcher, Paul Butler, and I found our first planet in 1995, ”Dr. Marcy says. “We worked for ten years without finding anything! But we stuck with it, and our patience paid off. ”
Since then, the two scientists have discovered 65 of the more than 100 planets found orbiting other stars. Dr. Marcy and Dr. Butler also spotted the first “family”of three planets. In June 2002 they announced another discovery: a Jupiter-like（像木星一样的）planet orbiting star 55 Cancri.
At first, the two researchers found only planets that orbit close to stars. Recently, the scientists found planets farther out. The planet orbiting 55 Cancri is a major breakthrough: it is the first sighting of a large gas planet about the same distance from the star as Jupiter is from the Sun.
Why is this important? Scientists think that life on Earth may exist because of two special features（特征）in our solar system. The first is Jupiter.
“Because it’s so big, Jupiter pulls comets and asteroids（小行星）, or they all come and hit the Earth. ”Dr. Marcy explains. “Without Jupiter, life on Earth would likely have been destroyed. ”
A second feature is that Earth is a rocky planet where liquid water, which is necessary for life, can exist. Unlike gas planets, rocky planets like Earth have surfaces where water can gather in pools and seas, which may support life. A huge space exists between the Jupiter-like planet and two other planets that lie close to 55 Cancri. Is there an Earth-like planet in the space, too small for us to notice? If so, says Dr. Marcy, “We would have two striking similarities to our solar system: a Jupiter-like planet and an Earth-like planet. And there may be life! ”
59. What can we learn about Dr. Marcy from the passage?
A. He is fond of watching Jupiter.
B. He is from a scientist family.
C. He dislikes working with Paul Butler.
D. He is interested in finding life in outer space.
60. Which of the following is true of the recent discovery?
A. The planet is not as protective as Jupiter.
B. The planet is close to star 55 Cancri.
C. The planet proves to be a gas planet.
D. The planet is as large as Jupiter.
61. How many planets orbiting other stars have the two scientists discovered so far?
A. 100 B. 69 C. 66 D. 65
62. Dr. Marcy thinks that life may exist in the 55 Cancri system because ______.
A. he has found the system similar to the solar system
B. he has discovered an Earth-like planet there
C. he has discovered a rocky planet there
D. he has found signs of life in the system
63.“But we stuck with it”（in Paragraph 3）means ______.
A. they felt discouraged
B. they carried on with it
C. they failed in their attempt
D. they made some progress

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WASHINGTON/NEW YORK - US President Bush said on Monday that he wanted Osama bin Laden “dead or alive” for last week’s attacks on the World Trade Center and the pentagon, but many of Washington’s allies are cool on strikes against Afghanistan.
　　Bush has named Saudi - born militant Osama bin Laden as a prime suspect, though he has provided no evidence for his claim. Still, he had been building public support for military action and has warned Afghanistan’s Taliban to give up Bin Laden.
　　But the Taliban, which has warned of “holy war” in response to any US attack, by Tuesday afternoon had given no indication of whether the man they call their“ guest” would be handed over.
　　On an unprecedented“ Day of terror”, two planes smashed into New York’s World Trade Center twin towers on September 11, putting them into ruins while explosions rocked the Pentagon in Washington, and the White House and State Department were evacuated. The attacks have left more than 5, 000 people dead or missing.
　　China has said it is ready to join international efforts in fighting “terrorism ”but insisted that peace, not war, is the best option.
　　In London, Blair declared it a“ war between the civilized world and fanaticism ”and determined to stand by an ally which aided Britain in two world wars. France, Germany and other, including Russia, are also supportive.　“The evil must be punished, ” Russian President Vladimir Putin said. “But we should not liken ourselves to bandit.” His defense chiefs have ruled out hosting NATO forces in former Soviet Central Asia or joining US military action, although Moscow says it will help with intelligence.
55. What building（s）was/were totally damaged?
　 A. The World Trade Center and the Pentagon
　 B. The World Trade Center.
　 C. The Pentagon.
　 D. The White House
56. In this passage, what country does the underlined part refer to?
　 A. Russia　　　　B. France　　　　C. Germany　　　 D. America
57. According to the passage, which of the following is right?
　 A. It was bin Laden that made the terrorist attacks, which have left more than 5, 000 people dead or missing.
　 B. Russian forces will join US military action.
　 C. There is no sign to show that the Tailbone will hand over bin Laden.
　 D. Few countries support America after the attacks.
58. From the passage, what problem is the world facing?
　 A. Wars　　　　B. Terrorism　　　C. Population　　　D. Explosions

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III. 阅读理解
That“Monday morning feeling”could be a crushing pain in the chest which leaves you sweating and gasping for breath. Recent research from Germany and Italy shows that heart attacks are more common on Monday mornings and doctors blame the stress of returning to work after the weekend break.
　　The risk of having a heart attack on any given day should be one in seven, but a six-year study helped by researchers at the Free University of Berlin of more than 2, 600 Germans showed that the average person had a 20 percent higher chance of having a heart attack on a Monday than on any other day.
　　Working Germans are particularly not protected against attack, with a 33 percent higher risk at the beginning of the working week. Non-workers, by comparison, appear to be no more at risk on a Monday than any other day.
　　A study of 11, 000 Italians proved 8 a. m. on a Monday morning as the most stressful time for the heart, and both studies showed that Sunday is the least stressful day, with fewest heart attacks in both countries.
　　The finding could lead to a better understanding of what is the immediate cause of heart attacks, according to Dr Stefan Willich of the Free University. “We know a lot about long-term risk factors such as smoking and cholesterol（胆固醇）but we don’t know what actually causes heart attacks, so we can’t give clear advice on how to prevent them, ”he said.
　　Monday mornings have a double helping of stress for the working body as it makes a rapid change from sleep to activity, and from the relaxing weekend to the pressures of work.
　　“When people get up, their blood pressure and heart rate go up and there are hormonal（内分泌）changes in their bodies, ”Willich explained. “All these things can have an unfavorable effect in the blood system and increase the risk of a clot（血凝块）which will cause a heart attack.”
　　“When people return to work after a weekend off, the pace of their life changes. They have a higher workload, more stress, more anger and more physical activities,”said Willich.
51. Monday morning feeling, as this passage shows, ________.
　A. is not as serious as people thought
　B. is the first killer in Germany and Italy
　C. is created by researchers in Germany and Italy
　D. is harmful to working people in developed countries
52. To protect people from a heart attack, doctors have paid much attention to ________.
　A. people’s working time　　　　　 B. people’s living place
　C. people’s diet and lifestyle　　　　 D. people’s nationalities
53. It can be learned from this passage that the heart attack has something to do with all the following EXCEPT ________.
A. blood pressure　　　　　　　　 B. heart rate
　C. hormonal changes　　　　　　　D. blood type
54. If the researchers give us some advice to avoid Monday morning feeling, what might it be?
　A. Improve working conditions.　　　B. Never go to work on Mondays.
　C. Stay with a doctor on Mondays.　　D. Get up late on Monday mornings.

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An unhealthy obsession (着迷)with celebrity(名人) culture is damaging the study success of British students, a survey of teachers found last Friday, with celebrity couple the Beckhams their favorite. Many students are dropping their study to seek the chance of fame instead, the Association of Teachers and Lecturers (ATL) survey found. .Almost two-thirds of teachers said sports stars were the type of celebrity most pupils wanted to copy while more than half of students wanted to be pop stars.
The celebrities students wanted to be most like, the survey said, were Los Angeles-based David and Victoria Beckham, Britain's most famous couple. Soccer player "Beckhams" topped the poll(民意测验), with more than half the teachers saying their students modeled themselves on him. In second place, with almost a third of the poll's vote, was his 33 year-old wife and pop star "Posh."
A majority of teachers said it was television "stars" and a media fixation with celebrities, celebrity culture that negatively impacted the their pupils. Almost half of the 300 teachers polled said pupils tried to look like or behave like celebrities they most admired. What they feared is that girls particularly dressed in "unsuitable.”
"We are not surprised about infiltration(渗透) of celebrity culture in schools" the teacher Mary Boust said in a statement. "Celebrities can have a positive effect on students. They can raise students' desires and ambitions for the future.
"However, celebrity culture can cause the wrong opinion that celebrity status(地位) is the greatest achievement and the belief that other career choices are not valuable."
5. The survey showed that________
A. the British students studied hard.
B. many students dreaming of being famous stars.
C. Beckhams was a famous football player.
D. the teacher thought it unnecessary to study hard.
6. The underlined word ”modeled” refers to ______
A. was fond of B. hated C. copied D. wished
7. Which of the following is NOT right?_________
A. The survey was carried by the teachers.
B. Beckham was the most popular with the students.
C. Celebrities sometimes have a good effect on the students.
D. The couple Beckhams now still live in England.
8. Which is the best title of the passage?________
A. British Students Wants to Be Famous
B. Celebrity Obsession Harming British Students
C. Teachers Worried about Their Students
D. The Students’ Opinions Are changing

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III. 阅读理解
Every city in the world has taxis to take tourists to interesting places. London is the only city in the world where taking a taxi is an interesting experience for tourists. This is partly because of the special black cabs（出租车）, which are found in no other country. But it is also because of the drivers themselves. While British people are famous for being polite and reserved, London taxi drivers are well known of their willingness to talk.
Some customers say that once the door shuts and the cab moves off they are captive audience. It is impossible to get the taxi drivers to stop talking.
“They’re self-confident and free thinking,” says Malcolm Linskey, the author of a history of taxi drivers in London. “They answer to nobody but themselves and that comes across in their conversation.”
They are also expensive. London has the most expensive taxis of any city in the world except Tokyo. That’s why Ken Living-stone, the mayor of London, is planning to make taxi drivers discuss their fares with customers before they take a ride.
Drivers agree that their fares are expensive. That’s because their black taxis cost more than other cars, they say. And the customer is also paying for a more driving expertise than anywhere else in the world.
Before someone can qualify as a London taxi driver, that person has to pass a test known as “The Knowledge”. This involves memorizing the name and location of every street within six miles of a point in the exact center of London. The trainee must also learn the exact location of every important building within these streets. Finally he or she must be able to use this knowledge to work out the shortest distance between any two destinations within this area.
It can take up the three years to pass “The knowledge”. Every day it is possible to see trainee taxi drivers on the streets of London, taking careful notes of popular destinations before finding the route to their next stop. Cab driving is a job often handed down in families. Many taxi drivers take their children out in their spare time to memorize routes they will need to know when it is their turn to do “The Knowledge”.
The effect of this is to make London taxi drivers experts at their job. They also have bigger brains. Recent research by scientists at the Institute of Neurology in London found that the hippocampus—the part of the brain that remembers things—was larger and more developed in cab drivers. They have to fit the whole of London into their heads, so their brains grow bigger.
1．Taking a taxi in London is an interesting experience for tourists because of the following statements except that _______.
A．the special black cabs can’t be found in other countries
B．the drivers are polite and reserved
C．the drivers are talkative
D．the drivers are self-confident and free thinking
2．Taking a taxi in London is very expensive because _________.
A．the drivers answer to nobody but themselves
B．the drivers can discuss their fares with customers before the ride
C．the drivers are the most qualified
D．the black cabs are the safest
3．It can be inferred from the passage that _______.
A．London has the most expensive taxis in the world
B．“The Knowledge”is a test that can be done easily
C．trainee taxi drivers are not often seen on the streets
D．many taxi drivers tend to make their children taxi drivers
4．London cab drivers have bigger brains because _______
A．they are experts at their job
B．they have many streets and routes in their minds
C．their hippocampus is larger and more developed
D．their heads are bigger

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