Staying positive through the cold season could be your best defense against getting ill, new study findings suggest.
In an experiment that exposed healthy volunteers to a cold or flu virus, researchers found that people with a generally sunny character were less likely to fall ill.
The findings, published in the journal "Psychosomatic Medicine", build on evidence that a "positive feeling style" can help get rid of the common cold and other illnesses. Researchers believe the reasons may be both objective as in happiness improving immune (免疫的) function and subjective as in happy people being less troubled by a throat ache or runny nose.
"People with a positive feeling style may have different immune responses to the virus, " explained Dr. Sheldon Cohen. "And when they do get a cold, they may stop their illness from being more severe."
Cohen had found in a previous study that happier people seemed less easy to catch a cold. However, some questions remained as to whether the feeling itself had the effect.
For the now study, the researchers ask 193 healthy adults to complete some standard measures of personalities and feeling styles; Those who tended to be happy, energetic and easygoing were judged as having a positive feeling style, while those __________ had a negative style.
The researchers gave them some drops containing either a cold virus or a particular flu virus. Over the next six days, the volunteers reported on any aches, pains, or sneezing they had, while the researchers collected objective data like daily mucus (點液) production. Cohen and his partners found that warm people were likely to keep cold at bay. What is the best title of the passage? (Please answer within 10 words.)
__________________________________________________ Which sentence in the passage can be replaced by the following one?
But it is not certain that the feeling is able to keep people away from cold.
__________________________________________________ Fill in the blank in the sixth paragraph with proper words or phrases to complete the sentence. (Please answer within 10 words.)
__________________________________________________ Why do happy people are most likely to get rid of some common illness? (Please answer within 20 words.)
__________________________________________________ Translate the underlined sentence in the fourth paragraph into Chinese.
__________________________________________________
假设你是星光中学的李耀祖，每年的9月22日是“世界无车日”，请撰写一份主题为 “Let’s Ride Bicycles”的演讲稿，主要内容包括：
1. 目前汽车带来的空气污染和交通堵塞等问题；
2. 骑自行车的益处，如节能环保、有利健康等。
参考词汇：低碳生活（low-carbon life）；节能（energy saving）
注意：1.词数：100词左右；
2.演讲稿开头和结尾已给出，该部分不计入总词数。
3.对所给提示，不要简单翻译，可适当增加细节，使行文连贯。
Good morning, everyone,
I’m Li Yaozu from Xingguang Middle School. The topic of my speech is “Let’s Ride Bicycles”.
____________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________
That’s all! Thank you!
短文改错（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分）
假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下短文。
短文中共有10处错误，每句中最多有两处。错误涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。
增加：在缺词处加一个漏词符号∧，并在此符号下面写出该加的词。
删除：把多余的词用斜线＼划掉。
修改：在错词下面划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。
注意：1、每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；
2、只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。
Dear Abbly,
How are you? Today I’ve got a wonderful news to tell you. I have offered a scholarship at a university in Australia for my further education. One hundred and twenty students take exams for it, but only a few was chosen and I was one of them. Therefore, my parents are not happy about it. They are strong against me. They say it is too far away that they will not see me for a whole year and they are afraid that I will feel lonely. They can’t imagine a girl so young living alone. They advise me to studying in the capital instead. Then I’ll be able to continue living with him. How can I persuade them to accept the fact what I have grown up?
Best wishes,
Jane
A: Good morning, can I help you?
B: I’d like to make ______ complaint about my holiday in Hawaii last week.
A: I’m sorry to hear that. What ____ (exact) was the problem?
B: First of all, the bus ____ (take) us to the hotel broke down and we had to wait for over two hours in the terrible heat before a replacement arrived. Then when we got to the hotel we found our room __
___ (tidy).
A: Oh dear, did you complain to the hotel?
B: Of course, ____ we were told all the waitresses were off duty. That’s not all. The people in the room above sounded like they were having all-night parties, every night. I demanded _
___ room, but to my disappointment, the receptionist told me the hotel was full.
A: Oh, I see.
B. And ____ (bad) of all, all the food in the hotel restaurant was awful. It was so bad __
__ we had to eat out all the time despite the fact that meals
__ (include) in the price of our holiday.
A: I do apologize on behalf of our travel agency. I’d like to offer you a 20% discount(折扣) as a gesture of goodwill, that is , you can get 400 dollars ___.
If you want to stand out, there is no alternative but hard work.
Once a boy in ____clothes full of patches ran to ask a successful building contractor (承包商) in a construction site, “How could I become as _____as you when I grow up ?”
With a _____ at the boy, the contractor replied, “There is a story about three diggers .The first digger liked holding a spade without doing anything but saying that he wanted to be a (n) ___ in the future. The second always liked ____ about the work and his low ____. The third digger liked ______ devoting himself to digging. Later, the first was still holding his spade in the ____ place and the second took an excuse for early _____. Only the third became a boss. Do you understand the _____ of this story? Just go to buy a _____ shirt and work hard .”
The little boy was ____. So he asked the contractor to explain further. ____ the working builders, the contractor replied, “Look at my workers! I can’t remember all their names, and even I have no ____ of some of them. Most of them wear blue shirts. But if you look _____, you will notice a sunburned man in red. He seems to be working harder than others. He is always the first one to work while the last one to leave. It is exactly his red shirt that makes him _____. Soon he will be _____ to my assistant. You know, that is also how I got _____ I am now. I worked hard and wore a striped shirt. My boss ______ me. I also became a boss eventually.”
Success can only ____ action. Working hard is all winners’ shared experience for achieving their dreams.
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The baby is just one day old and has not yet left hospital. She is quiet but alert（警觉）. Twenty centimeters from her face researchers have placed a white card with two black spots on it. She stares at it carefully. A researcher removes the card and replaces it by another, this time with the spots differently spaced. As the cards change from one to the other, her gave（凝视）starts to lose its focus-until a third, with three black spots, is presented. Her gaze returns: she looks at it for twice as long as she did at the previous card. Can she tell that the number two is different from three, just 24 hours after coming into the world?
Or do newborns simply prefer more to fewer? The same experiment, but with three spots shown before two, shows the same return of interest when the number of spots changes. Perhaps it is just the newness? When slightly older babies were shown cards with pictures of objects (a comb, a key, an orange and so on), changing the number of objects had an effect separate from changing the objects themselves. Could it be the pattern that two things make, as opposed to three? No again. Babies paid more attention to squares moving randomly on a screen when their number changed from two to three, or three to two. The effect even crosses between senses. Babies who were repeatedly shown two spots became more excited when they then heard three drumbeats than when they heard just two; likewise（同样地）when the researchers started with drumbeats and moved to spots.Babies are sensitive to the change in _______.
| A．the size of cards |
| B．the colour of pictures |
| C．the shape of patterns |
| D．the number of objects |
Why did the researchers test the babies with drumbeats?
| A．To reduce the difficulty of the experiment |
| B．To see how babies recognize sounds |
| C．To carry their experiment further |
| D．To keep the babes interest. |
Where does this text probably come from?
| A．Science fiction | B．Children’s literature |
| C．An advertisement | D．A science report |
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