“Clean your plate!” and “Be a member of the clean-plate club!” Just about every kid in the US heard this from a parent or grandparent. Often, it’s accompanied by an appeal(呼吁): “Just think about those starving orphans in Africa.” Sure, we should be grateful for every bite of food. Unfortunately, many people in the US take too many bites. Instead of “cleaning the plate’, perhaps we should save some food for tomorrow.
According to news reports, US restaurants are partly to blame for the growing bellies(胃口,食欲). A waiter puts a plate of food in front of each customer, with two to four times the amount recommended by the government, according to a USA Today story. Americans traditionally associate quantity with value and most restaurants try to give them that. They prefer to have customers complain about too much food rather than too little.
Barbara Rolls, a nutrition professor at Pennsylvania State University, told USA Today that restaurant portion(一分,份额) sizes began (or grew) in the 1970s, the same time that the American waistline(腰围) began to expand.
Health experts have tried to get many restaurants to serve smaller portions. Now, apparently, some customers are calling for this too. The restaurant industry trade magazine QSR reported last month that 57 percent of more than 4,000 people surveyed believe restaurants serve portions that are too large; 23 percent had no opinion; 20 percent disagreed. But a closer look at the survey indicates that many Americans who can’t afford fine dining still prefer large portions. Seventy percent of those earning at least $150,000 per year prefer smaller portions; but only 45 percent of those earning less than $25,000 want smaller.
It’s not that working-class Americans don’t want to eat healthily. It’s just that, “after long hours at low-paying jobs, getting less on their plate hardly seems like a good deal. They live from paycheck, happy to save a little money for next year’s Christmas presents.”
Parents in the United States tend to ask their children _______.

A．not to save food

B．to wash the dishes

C．not to eat too much

D．not to waste food

Why do American restaurants serve large portions?

A．Because Americans associate quantity with value.

B．Because Americans have big bellies.

C．Because Americans are good eaters.

D．Because Americans are greedy.

Which of the following is NOT true of working-class Americans?

A．They work long hours.

B．They live from paycheck to paycheck.

C．They don’t want to be healthy eaters.

D．They want to save money for their children.

What happened in the 1970s?

A．The US government recommended the amount of food a restaurant gave to a customer.

B．Health experts persuaded restaurants to serve smaller portions.

C．The United Stated produced more grain than needed.

D．The American waistline started to expand.