CHICAGO(Reuters)-Smoking not only can wrinkle(皱纹)the face and turn it yellow—it can do the same to the whole body, researchers reported on Monday.
The study, published in the Archives of Dermatology, shows that smoking affects the skin all over the body-even skin protected from the sun.
“We examined non-facial skin that was protected from the sun, and found that the total number of packs, of cigarette smoked per day and the total years a person has smoked were linked with the amount of skin damage a person experienced, ”Dr. Yolanda, who led the study, said in a statement.
“In participants older than 65 years, smokers had significantly more fine wrinkling than nonsmokers. Similar findings were seen in participants aged 45 to 65 years. ” Yolanda’s team added in their report.
The researchers tested 82 people, smokers and nonsmokers, taking pictures of the inner right arms. They ranged, in age from 22 to 91 and half were smokers. In dependent judges decided how wrinkled each person’s skin was.
When skin is exposed to sunlight, especially the face, it becomes coarse(粗糙的). Wrinkled and discolored with a pale yellow tint, Yolanda's team wrote.
Several previous studies have found that cigarette smoking led to premature(过早的)skin aging as measured by facial wrinkles, the study said, but little has been done to measure the aging of skin not exposed to light.
The report did not discuss die mechanism involved but previous research has found that cigarette smoke, among other things, causes blood vessels(血管)beneath the skin to constrict(紧缩), reducing blood supply to the skin.
Smoking can also damage the connective tissue(组织)that supports both die skin and the internal organs.The best title for this passage would be ______________.
| A．The danger of smoking |
| B．Smoking causes skin aging |
| C．Quit smoking for health |
| D．A survey of smokers |
According to the passage, how wrinkled a person’s skin is doesn’t relate to ___________.
| A．the number of cigarettes a person smokes |
| B．the kind and characteristics of skin |
| C．how long a person smokes |
| D．how long skin is under sunlight |
From the passage smoking results in skin aging mainly because ____________.
| A．it will lower blood supply to skin |
| B．it can make you feel tired |
| C．it can make skin come off |
| D．it can make blood run faster |
The main purpose of the passage is to ____________.
| A．inform people about the study of skin |
| B．advise people how to protect skin |
| C．warn people not to smoke again |
| D．introduce a new way of avoid skin aging |
Enough sleep is important to health. The amount o f sleep needed depends on the age of the person and the conditions in which sleep takes place. The young may need more sleep than the old, but usually eight hours are enough for the health of grown-ups. Some can do with less than this amount, but others may need more. Every person knows his own need. It is then a matter of good judgement to satisfy his need. Sleep should always be enou
gh to make one bring back his strength and get ready for a day’s
work.
Fresh air is necessary to sound sleep. It is not without reason for some people to think that it is practicable to sleep in the open air. When one can keep himself warm, out-of-door sleeping probably gives the body its most complete relaxation(松弛). Ability to sleep is largely a habit . The conditions referred to only lead to sleep. Out-of-door exercises, a good habit of regular hours and the avoidance(避免) of late eating and worry, which are largely within the control of any person, are all helpful to sound sleep.
A bath at bedtime, neither hot nor cool but of body temperature, may be helpful to sleep. Sleep-producing drug(药）should never be taken except when suggested by a doctor. How many hours are usually enough for the health of a pupil?
| A．Less than eight hours. | B．No more than eight hours. |
| C．Eight hours or so. | D．No less than eight hours. |
Which of the following is helpful to good sleep?
| A．Keeping good habits. |
| B．Staying up late at night. |
| C．Eating something at bedtime. |
| D．Forming the habit of taking sleep-producing drug. |
The amount of sleep a person needs has something to do with________.
| A．his age | B．his height |
| C．his weight | D．his character |
Before going to bed, you’d better not_______.
| A．take a bath | B．do any housework |
| C．think a lot | D．go out for relaxation |
New York Time —A gunman killed eight people at a mall in Omaha this afternoon and then killed himself, setting off panic among holiday shoppers, the police said.
“The person who we believe to be the shooter has died from self-inflicted gunshot wounds, ” Sgt. Teresa Negron of the Omaha Police Department said at televised news. “We have been able to clear the mall, ” she said. “We don’t believe we have any other shooters. ” The police said that at least five other people had been injured in the shootings.
She did not give the shooter’s identity. “We are still doing the investigation, ” Sergeant Negron said, adding that the city’s mayor, who was out of town, was on his way back to Omaha.
She said the police received a 911 call from someone i
nside the Westroads Mall on the west side of Omaha, and shots could be heard in the background. The first police officers arrived at the mall six minutes after the first call, she said, but by then the shootings were over.
It is reported that the gunman left a suicide note that was found at his home by relatives. A law enforcement official who spoke on condition of anonymity (匿名) said the note indicated that the gunman wanted to "go out in style".
The shootings broke the usually banal routine of holiday shopping. The gunman was said by some witnesses to have fired about 20 shots into a crowd. Some customers and workers ran screaming from the mall, while others dived into dressing rooms to hide from the shooter.
Shoppers and store workers were trapped inside the mall, which has roughly 135 stores. Others streamed out of mall exits with their hands raised. President Bush was in Omaha this morning to deliver a speech, but he had left the city by the time the shootings took place. Where did the shootings first come out?
| A．On a newspaper. | B．In the Internet. |
| C．In TV news. | D．In a police poster. |
What do the underlined words “go out in style” probably mean?
| A．Go out of the mall in particular clothes. |
| B．Walk in the mall with everybody focused on. |
| C．Go to a socially event by fashionable means. |
| D．Stop his life in an impressive way. |
Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage?
| A．Nobody knows why the shooter did so and nothing was found at his home. |
| B．The city’s mayor happened not to be in the city when the shootings took place. |
| C．Police arrived at the mall before the shootings were over and rescued customers. |
| D．The official who showed what the note meant had no request of his own identity. |
Which of the following can be the best title of the news?
| A．Gunman Kills 8 People, Then Himself at a Mall in Omaha |
| B．Shoppers in Great Panic before the Holiday |
| C．Bush Happened to Escape a Shot |
| D．Shooter Found Dead in a Mall on the west of Omaha |
There's 
a man in the habit of hitting me on the head with an umbrella. At first I couldn't stand it；now I'm used to it.
I don't know his name. I know he's average in appearance，wears a gray suit，and has a common face. One hot morning，when I was sitting on a treeshaded bench in Palermo Park，reading the paper，suddenly I felt something touch my head. It was the very same man who now，as I'm writing，keeps striking 
me with an umbrella.
On that occasion I turned around filled with anger. He just kept on hitting me. I asked him if he was crazy. He didn't even seem to hear me. Then I threatened to call a policeman. Calmly，cool as a cucumber，he stuck with his task. After a few moments of hesitation，and seeing that he was not about to change his attitude，I stood up and hit him on the nose. The man fell down. But he immediately got back on his feet，obviously with great effort，and without a word again began hitting me on the head with the umbrella. His nose was bleeding and，a
t that moment，I felt sorry for him. I felt regret for having hit him so hard. After all，the man wasn't exactly hitting me；he was merely tapping me lightly with
his umbrella，not causing any pain at all. Of course，those taps were extremely bothersome. As we all know，when a fly lands on your forehead，you don't feel any pain；what you feel is annoyance. Well then，that umbrella was one huge fly that kept landing on my head time after time.
Convinced that I was dealing with a madman，I tried to escape. But the man followed me，wordlessly continuing to hit me. So I began to run(I should point out many people run as fast as I do). He took off after me，trying to land a blow. The man was out of breath so that I thought，if I continued to force him to run at that speed，he would drop dead right then and there.When the man began to strike the author with an umbrella, the author________.
| A．became angry | B．called the police |
| C．turned around and escaped | D．turned around and fought back |
The author would most probably agree that the man was ________.
| A．deaf | B．blind |
| C．dead | D．mad |
The author felt sorry for the man because________.
| A．the man formed a bad habit of beating others |
| B．he hit the man so hard that his nose bled |
| C．the man couldn't catch up with him |
| D．there was a fly on the man's head |
It can be learned from the passage that the man ________.
| A．shouted loudly while hitting the author |
| B．wanted to tell the author something |
| C．ran after the author breathlessly |
| D．acted as if he were a fly |
Le Trung, 33，has spent ￡14,000 creating Aiko，who he describes as“in her 20s”with a 32,23,33 figure，shiny hair and delicate features.
She can speak English and Japanese and is so good at mathematics that she can do Mr.Trung's accounts.
Mr.Trung，from Brampton in Ontario，Canada，said he has never had time to find a real partner，so he designed and created his ideal woman using the latest technology.
The former software programmer has taken out credit cards and loans，sold his car and spent his life savings on perfecting his“fembot”.
Now he is desperate to find a corporate sponsor(资助者)to help him complete and perfect Aiko.
He said，“Aiko is what happens when science meets beauty.”
"I want to make her look，feel and act as human as possible so she can be the perfect companion."
"I talk to her a lot，and hope to improve her knowledge."
"So far she can understand and speak 13,000 different sentences in English and Japanese，so she's already fairly intelligent."
"Aiko recognize faces and says hello when any of my family come around to visit. She helps me pick what to have for dinner and knows what drinks I like."
"She even helps me with directions when we're going somewhere."
"When I need to do my accounts，Aiko does all the maths. She is very patient and never complains."
"She doesn't need holidays，food or rest and she will work almost 24hours a day. She is the perfect woman."
Mr.Trung has designed Aiko with a touchsensitive face and body so she reacts in a natural way if she is shown affection or hurt.
He said，"She has all senses except for smell."Why did Le Trung spend much money creating Aiko?
| A．Because he prefers Aiko to a real person. |
| B．Because he is too busy to find a partner. |
| C．Because he thinks Aiko is very beautiful. |
| D．Because he thinks Aiko is worth much money. |
According to the passage，what is Aiko?
| A．Aiko is a female person. |
| B．Aiko is Mr.Trung's girl friend. |
| C．Aiko is a robot that looks like a beautiful woman. |
| D．Aiko is a perfect woman. |
Aiko can do the following things EXCEPT ________.
| A．that she can understand and speak English and Japanese |
| B．that she can do maths questions very well |
| C．that she can smell the strange smell |
| D．that she can help to receive some familiar guests |
What is the main idea of the passage?
| A．The reason for Le Trung creating Aiko. |
| B．The introduction to a new scientific product－Aiko. |
| C．Aiko's ability or functions. |
| D．The process of making Aiko. |
After the Summer Olympics are over, when all the athletics have gone home and the television audience has switched off, another group of athletics and fans will arrive at the host city, and another competition will begin. These are the Paralympics, the games for athletes with a disability. But in Beijing in 2008, for the first time, one of the greatest Paralympics will not be taking part.
She is a British athlete by the name of Tanni Grey-Thormpson. Born with spine hifida (脊椎裂) which left her paralysed from the waist, Bown Tanni used a wheelchair from the age of 7. At first, she was not keen on sport, apart from horse-riding, which gave her a sense of freedom. But in her teens, she started taking sports more seriously. She tried swimming, basketball and tennis. Eventually she found athletics, and never looked back.
Indeed, Tanni’s athletic career took off. In 1984, when she was 15, she pulled off a surprise victory in the 100metres at the Junior National Wheelchair Games.
In 1988, Tanni went to her first Paralympic Games in Seoul. She won bronze in the 400 metres. Even greater success followed at the 1992 Barcelonn. Paralympics. Tanni won gold in the 100, 200, 400 and 800 metres relay, setting two world records in the process. In the same year she achieved she first of her six London Wheelchair Marathon victories.
Tanni’s enduring success had been part motivation(动机), part preparation, “The training I do that enables me to be a good sprinter(短跑运动员) enables me to be good at a marathon too. I train 50 weeks of the year and that keeps me prepared for whatever distance I want to see…. I am still competing at a very high level, but as I get older things get harder and I want to retire before I fall apart.”
Indeed Tanni retired finally after the Visa Paralympic World Cup in 2007. Her wish is to coach young athletes for Beijing 2008 Olympic Games.
In spite of ups and downs, she never take her fate lying down. In her splendid life, she has won an amazing eleven gold medals, four silvers and one bronze in series of Paralympics- a top level athletic career covering two decades. She has won the London Wheelchair Marathon six times, more than any other competitor, and she has set over thirty world records.
What advice does she have for young athletes? “Work hard at your studies, and then train, train and train again.” Which of the following sports did Tanni like before thirteen?
| A．Basketball | B．Swimming. |
| C．Tennis. | D．Horse-riding. |
When did Tanni win her first Olympic gold medal?
| A．In 1984. | B．In 1988. |
| C．In 1992. | D．In 2007. |
The underlined word “that” in the 5th paragraph refers to _______.
| A．fifty weeks’ training | B．being a good sprinter |
| C．training almost every day | D．part motivation and part preparation |
What can we learn from Tanni’s success?
| A．Union is strength. | B．Never too late to learn. |
| C．Well begun is half done. | D．No pains, no gains.. |
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