阅读下面短文并回答问题（请注意问题后的词数要求）。
【1】“Don’t stare. Chew with your mouth closed.”Manner minding is expected everywhere, at school, work, home, and even the Internet. What is netiquette? It’s network etiquette(利仪), a set of rules for behaving properly online.
【2】 It’s easy to misunderstand.
When you communicate online, all you see is a computer screen. You can’t use facial expression, gestures, or tone of voice; words are the only information. It’s easy to misunderstand others’ meanings and forget that they are real people just like you!
【3】“Look” good online.
Networks let you reach out to people you’d otherwise never meet. And none of them can see you. You won’t be judged by the color of your skin, eyes or hair, your weight, your age, or your clothing. You will, however, be judged by the quality of your writing. So spelling, grammar, and content really matter.
【4】Share expert knowledge.
The reason why asking questions online works is that a lot of knowledgeable people are reading the questions. If you ask a question, it’s polite to share the answers with others. If you’re an expert yourself, ________________. It’s a long-time net tradition, and it makes the network a better place.
【5】 Forgive mistakes.
Everyone was a green hand at network once. So when someone makes a mistake, whether it’s a spelling error or a stupid question, be kind about it. If you decide to inform someone of a mistake, point it out politely. Why is it easy to misunderstand others’ meanings online? (no more that 17 words)
_____________________________________________________________________ List three things to judge the quality of one’s writing online. (no more than 5 words)
①_____________________________________________________________________
②_____________________________________________________________________
③_____________________________________________________________________ Fill in the blank in Paragraph with proper words or phrases to complete the sentence. (no more than 6 words)
_____________________________________________________________________ Why do people like to raise questions online? (no more than 15 words)
_____________________________________________________________________ What should you do if you find some mistakes online? (no more than 3 words)
_____________________________________________________________________
You feel happiest when you create a healthy balance between giving and receiving. If you give and give without making time to fill your own needs, then it’s likely you will burn out, or feel upset .When you take and take without giving anything back ,you never feel fulfilled, so you are always searching for ways to fill the void in your life.
The way to create a healthy balance between giving and receiving is to know and then live by your values .I break values up into two groups which I call being and having values. Your being values are the character traits of the ideal person you would like to be. I suggest to my clients that they choose three being values that they are willing to make a commitment to live by. An example of some being values are: kind, loving, generous, inspirational, peaceful, wise and even powerful. By acting on these values you give to others through your actions and you inspire others by being a positive role model. Mastering being these character traits becomes your life purpose.
Your having values are the feelings you need to create in order to be happy. These could be companionship, achievement, support, being valued or financial security. This is what you receive. You take responsibility for filling your own needs by taking steps to create these feelings and conditions in your life.
When you make a commitment to live by your being values, it becomes easier to make conscious choices rather than reactionary ones. If your usual pattern is to talk about your problems, you could choose to think and act like a calm person. A calm person might go for a walk, meditate, or set a time limit before responding. If your usual pattern is to worry, you could choose to act like a responsible or wise person. In other words, you would act like the person you choose to be—this is the key to personal power.
When you choose to act on your values, you not only feel good about yourself, you reinforce your chosen beliefs. Over time acting in this way changes how you see the world, and in turn the way other people think of you.The main purpose of this passage is to ___________.
| A．persuade the readers to make a commitment |
| B．inform the readers how to be truly happy |
| C．explain to the readers what personal values are |
| D．instruct the readers how to make wise choices |
According to the text, living by your own values, you will___________.
| A．gain a lot of power | B．fill your own needs |
| C．seek all human virtues | D．form positive personality |
The underlined word “void” in Paragraph 1 means ___________.
| A．a feeling of emptiness | B．an absence of one’s mind |
| C．a break of continuity | D．a state of confusion |
Which of the following does not belong to “your having values”?
| A．your success in the competition | B．the help from your friends |
| C．your own peaceful mind | D．the friendship |
What can be inferred from the text?
| A．Having values are better than being values. |
| B．The way other people think of you decides who you are. |
| C．A calm person does not choose to complain. |
| D．A responsible person does not care about financial security. |
One of my China Dialogue colleagues in Beijing recently bought a Philips energy-saving light bulb to replace a standard one．He was happy with his choice．It may have cost 30 yuan （just under US$4．50） - ten times the price of a filament （灯丝） bulb - but he wanted to save energy as part of his low-carbon lifestyle．And according to the shopkeeper, he would save, in the long run, much more than the 30 yuan he was spending．
Yet only one month later, his expensive light bulb blew up, before he had saved even a small part of the purchase price．Will he stick to his high-cost, low-carbon lifestyle?
China's environmental organizations have started to advocate low-carbon lifestyles and the decrease of carbon footprints to help fight against climate change．But they have overlooked one fact: in China, low-carbon living comes at a high cost．It means buying energy-saving bulbs and appliances, and environmentally friendly building materials and daily goods．Cost can no longer be the only standard for purchases．An energy-saving and environmentally friendly product is more expensive than a standard alternative - whether it's a simple light bulb or the house it shines．For average consumers, even buying an ordinary bulb is a huge burden．How can we persuade ordinary people to choose an energy-saving residence? This is not a trend they can afford to follow; perhaps this fashion is only for the rich．
Most consumers today do not cause huge carbon dioxide （CO2） emissions．Their responsibility lies not in choosing a low-carbon lifestyle today, but in avoiding a high-carbon life in the future．The principle of "common but differentiated responsibility" - a basis of sustainable development - can be applied here as well．
In China, low-carbon living still is resisted by a lack of social infrastructure（基础设施）. Even if your salary allows you to make that choice, nobody is there to help you accomplish it．
Consider energy-saving homes. You need to find out whether or not the developer has used natural materials wherever possible; how effective the insulation（绝缘物、隔热物） is; and what the green credentials of installed equipment are．You can read up a little, but you'll still be lucky to avoid being puzzled by the developers' marketing．Many so-called energy-saving buildings are nothing of the sort, and some are even more energy-hungry than the average home - as Li Taige warned in his article "Energy-efficient buildings? Not always", on China Dialogue last August． What may probably be the best title of this passage?
| A．To purchase a cheap bulb - your wise alternative． |
| B．To choose an energy-saving residence - a must of your life |
| C．To learn a low-carbon lifestyle - each citizen's responsibility |
| D．To learn a low-carbon lifestyle - a promising but difficult purpose |
Why does the writer say this fashion is only for the rich in the fourth paragraph?
| A．Because the cost is a very important standard for purchases. |
| B．Because buying an ordinary bulb is very expensive. |
| C．Because energy-saving products are more expensive than the common alternatives. |
| D．Because rich people like to follow this trend. |
What does the writer think of energy-saving homes?
| A．Most of them are environmentally friendly. |
| B．They are musts of low-carbon lifestyle of Chinese. |
| C．They are huge burdens for Chinese people. |
| D．Many of them are more in name than in reality. |
We can infer from the passage that ____．
| A．Using energy-saving bulbs and appliances is a fashion． |
| B．It's easy for most Chinese to try to learn a low-carbon lifestyle． |
| C．All citizens in China don’t have the same responsibility in living a low-carbon lifestyle． |
| D．Most Chinese families cannot afford to purchase an energy-saving residence. |
What is the writer's attitude towards the low-carbon lifestyle?
| A．informative and entertaining | B．supportive but cautious |
| C．negative but wise | D．positive and active |
Chinese and Nigerian media should pay more attention to their own growing roles and strive to present a reliable image of China to African audiences and vice versa(反之亦然). Agreement on this important step in ongoing cooperation between the two sides was reached by media representatives attending a media forum on September 19 in Abuja, Nigeria.
The agreement comes in the wake of increasing attention being paid by the international community on Africa's deepening relationship with China. "This presents an important opportunity for media in China, Nigeria and other African countries. We should seize the moment to expand cooperation between Chinese and Nigeria media, increase our say, and contribute to cooperation between China, Nigeria and Africa as a whole," said Li Wufeng, Vice Minister of the State Council Information Office at the China-Nigeria Media meeting.
The media meeting was jointly held by the State Council Information Office, the Chinese Embassy in Nigeria, and the Federal Ministry of Education, Nigeria. It formed part of the "Experience China" program, which aims to increase cultural exchanges and mutual understanding between China and other parts of the world.
In the past, due to poor communication facilities, China and African countries could only learn about each other through third parties, in particular Western media, which may have given rise to and perpetuated misunderstandings.
"China is still not a constant feature or subject on the front page and prime time in the news media in Nigeria unless there are disasters and alleged human rights abuses to be reported," said Martins Oloja, Editor of The Guardian.
Major Western media continue to promote a Cold War mentality and view Sino-African ties through the lens of geopolitics, framing everything as competition between East and West, Chinese and Nigerian media professionals said at the forum. Some Western media outlets accuse China of ignoring mutually beneficial solutions or sustainable development of African people, while robbing the continent of its natural resources.
"Nigerians cannot expect Aljazeera or BBC to report on Africa, and indeed Nigeria and China relations, the way we want," said Oloja.
Mutually objective coverage will generate more cooperation and better understanding between China and Nigeria, said Li Xiaohua, a representative from China. org.cn, a leading multi-language website in China.What is the purpose of this media forum on September 19 in Abuja?
| A．More international community should pay attention to Africa’s deepening relationship with China. |
| B．People should seize the moment to expand cooperation between China and African countries. |
| C．Chinese and Nigerian media should pay more attention to their own growing roles and strive to present a reliable image to each other. |
| D．Let more Chinese people know about the culture of Africa. |
What’s the meaning of the underlined word in paragraph 4?
| A．defeated | B． continued | C．disappeared | D．decreased |
Which of the following is right?
| A．The State Council Information Office and "Experience China" program attended this China-Nigeria Media meeting. |
| B．In the past, China and African countries could learn about each other very well. |
| C．Chinese people and Chinese events has been well reported through African media. |
| D．Nowadays, some African media still cannot give the true stories of China. |
What is the attitude of the major western media towards the Sino-African relationship?
| A．They think highly of it. |
| B．They report it as it is. |
| C．They view it through the angle of geopolitics. |
| D．They view it as a competition between two countries. |
What is the best title for this passage?
| A．Having a bigger say | B．A Media Forum between China and Nigeria |
| C．Helping the African Media | D．Improving our report in Africa |
Welcome to City Lit
About us
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Our courses
City Lit offers you the biggest choice of part－time courses for adults in London．Our courses range from complete beginners to university level to meet your needs．Many lead to a nationally recognized qualification．Our courses run for about 12 weeks．Our courses regularly receive five-star reviews from our learners．
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http：∥www．citylit．ac．uk／enrolThe main purpose of the passage is ___________．
| A．to teach people how to learn well in City Lit |
| B．to introduce the development of City Lit |
| C．to tell us some basic information on City Lit |
| D．to show us some unique courses in City Lit |
Which of the following about City Lit is NOT right?
| A．There are four different ways to enroll． |
| B．All teachers of City Lit are excellent． |
| C．Good comments are given to City Lit． |
| D．City Lit is a full-time training institution． |
The courses City Lit provides __________．
| A．can meet people of all ages of all walks of life |
| B．lead to the worldwide recognized qualification |
| C．usually last approximately three months |
| D．are just intended for the very beginners |
From New Delhi to Beijing，commuters（通勤者）spend a lot of time stuck in traffic．In the United States，Los Angeles（L．A．）and San Francisco tie for second place（并列第二）for having the worst traffic problems．Washington，D．C．is in first place with the worst traffic，according to the Texas A＆M Transportation Institute．
In L．A．．drivers spend sixty－one hours every year stuck in traffic．These drivers know all too well how bad the traffic can be．Professor Cyrus Shahabi also knows about traffic jams．He said，“It’s a prison of cars．There are too many cars，you can’t move around a lot．I live more than 65 kilometers from my office at the University of Southern California．in L．A．．I’m always late even with the help of a navigation（导航）system．I thought it would be appropriate to do something to solve it．”
Therefore，he and PhD student Ugur Demiryurek decided to develop an app for that．The ClearPath app claims to do what other navigation systems cannot．Professor Shahabi says his program uses historical data to predict traffic conditions even before the driver leaves the house．
ClearPath uses two and a half years worth of traffic data from 9，000 sensors（传感器）on the roads of L．A．．It also collects information on accidents．
Professor Shahabi says his system does more than just respond to current traffic conditions．With ClearPath，he says，a driver can enter what time he wants to leave on a specific time and date，and ClearPath will give the fastest route．It looks at the entire road network，including surface streets as well as highways，before the driver hits the road．
Ugur Demiryurek says they will launch the free ClearPath app for roads in L．A．in two months．In a year，he and Professor Shahabi hope to have ClearPath available nationwide and overseas once they can collect traffic data from other cities．
“I thought always that L．A．had the worst traffic，but now I know that Shanghai，Beijing，Seoul，Tokyo，believe it or not，Singapore，Hong Kong definitely are examples that can immediately use this．”The ClearPath app can mainly be used to __________．
| A．predict traffic conditions | B．kill the boring time |
| C．avoid the traffic accidents | D．collect the current news |
What do we know from Professor Cyrus Shahabi’s words in Paragraph 2?
| A．Living too far is his main reason for being late for work． |
| B．Many drivers broke the traffic rules on their way to work． |
| C．His invention was inspired by his experiences on his way to work． |
| D．The navigation system he used on his way to work is out of date． |
What does Paragraph 5 mainly tell us about ClearPath?
| A．Its working principal． | B．Its powerful function． |
| C．Its appearance． | D．Its safety． |
What can we infer from the last paragraph?
A．L．A．has the worst traffic problems in the world．
B．Around the world ClearPath has been used widely．
C．Many cities can provide the data to do the study．
D．ClearPath will have a big market in the future．
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