The behavior of a building’s users may be at least as important as its design when it comes to energy use, according to new research from the UK Energy Research Centre (UKERC). The UK promises to reduce its carbon emissions (排放）by 80 percent by 2050, part of which will be achieved by all new homes being zero-carbon by 2016. But this report shows that sustainable building design on its own — though extremely important- is not enough to achieve such reductions: the behavior of the people using the building has to change too.
The study suggests that the ways that people use and live in their homes have been largely ignored by existing efforts to improve energy efficiency (效率)，which instead focus on architectural and technological developments.‘Technology is going to assist but it is not going to do everything explains Katy Janda, a UKERC senior researcher，‘consumption patterns of building users can defeat the most careful design. ’In other words，old habits die hard, even in the best-designed eco-home.
Another part of the problem is information. Households and bill-payers don’t have the knowledge they need to change their energy-use habits. Without specific information，it’s hard to estimate the costs and benefits of making different choices. Feedback (反馈） facilities, like smart meters and energy monitors，could help bridge this information gap by helping people see how changing their behaviour directly affects their energy use; some studies have shown that households can achieve up to 15 percent energy savings using smart meters.
Social science research has added a further dimension (方面），suggesting that individuals’ behaviour in the home can be personal and cannot be predicted — whether people throw open their windows rather than turn down the thermostat (恒温器) , for example.
Janda argues that education is the key. She calls for a focused programme to teach people about buildings and their own behaviour in them.As to energy use, the new research from UKERC stresses the importance of________.
| A．the behaviour of building users |
| B．zero-carbon homes |
| C．sustainable building design |
| D．the reduction of carbon emissions |
What are Katy Janda’s words mainly about?
| A．The necessity of making a careful building design. |
| B．The importance of changing building users’ habits. |
| C．The variety of consumption patterns of building users. |
| D．The role of technology in improving energy efficiency. |
The information gap in energy use _______.
| A．affects the study on energy monitors |
| B．can be bridged by feedback facilities |
| C． brings about problems for smart meters |
| D．will be caused by building users’ old habits |
What does the dimension added by social science research suggest?
| A．The social science research is to be furthered. |
| B．The education programme is under discussion. |
| C．The behaviour preference of building users is similar. |
| D．The behaviour of building users is unpredictable. |
第三部分：阅读理解（共20小题；每小题2分，满分40分）
阅读下列短文，从每篇短文后所给各题的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
The TV shows a baby’s pram (婴儿车) rolling off a train platform as the mother makes a mad rush to save her son, but she is too late and it falls onto the rails in front of an incoming train. This heart-stopping scene
happened yesterday at Ashburton station in Melbourne, Australia. But the story has a happy ending: the six-month-old baby survived with just a cut on his forehead, although the pram was dragged about 35 metres by the braking train. The nurse Jon Wright said the boy just “needed a feed and a sleep” and didn’t need to stay in hospital.
“Luckily, he was strapped (绑) into his pram at the time, which probably saved his life. I think the child is extremely lucky, ” Wright told the Herald Sun newspaper after the baby was taken to hospital with minor injuries.
Fortunately the train was already slo
wing down to stop at the station so it stopped quickly when the driver put on the brakes as soon as he saw the pram fall in front of him. Rail firm Connex is to look into how the pram rolled off the platform. The accident came one day after Connex started a child safety awareness activity warning parents to keep babies strapped into their prams at all times while on platforms.
The accident happened at the same time as the “balloon boy ”story in the US, in which a six-year-old Colorado boy was reported to be trapped in a flyaway balloon. However, he was later found hiding in the family’s garage. Many people believe that it had all been a publicity stunt by the parents. No such doubts surround the baby on the train platform.
51.In the accident, the baby .
A.almost fell onto t
he rails
B.needed to stay in hospital
C.was badly injured by the train
D.was pulled a long distance in the pram by the train
52.The child was not killed most probably because .
A.the mother strapped him into his pram
B.the platform is not very high
C.he was well fed and asleep
D.the mother rushed to save him
53.Why could the train stop quickly?
A.Because it had just begun to move.
B.Because it was moving slowly at that time.
C.Because the mother took measures quickly.
D.Because the driver saw the pram fall.
54.The underlined word “stunt” in the last paragrap
h probably means .
A.something silly B.something funny
C.something done to attract attention D.something done to avoid bad luck
After years of study, I have known there are only two types of people in this world: those who get to the airport early and those who arrive when the plane is about to take off.
If there were any justice（公正）in this world, early-airport people would be rewarded for doing the right thing. And late-airport people would be punished. But early-airport people get ulcers（溃疡）, heart attacks and bite their fingernails to the bone. Late-airport people almost don’t realize they are flying.
A guy of that kind once said, “Don’t hurry. If you miss your flight, it’s because God doesn’t want you to go.” This is clearly a guy who is never going to get an ulcer.
Early-airport people suffer another “name”. They are called exactly what they are -wimps（窝囊废）. I know. I was an early-airport person for years. “My baggage will get on the plane first,” I told myself. Indeed it would, which made it the last baggage they took off the plane after landing.
Another strange thing: No matter how ear
ly I showed up, I was always told that someone had called two or three years ahead of me and asked for the best seat. I thought it was a trick. I thought there was someone in America who called every airline every day and said: “Is that wimp Simon flying somewhere today? If he is , give me his seat.”
After a lifetime arguing with my wife over whether I really have to pack 24 hours in advance and set the alarm clock four hours ahead, I have learned another fact about early-airport people and late –airport people:
They always marry each other.
67. We can learn from the passage that .
A. late-airport persons are often nervous
B. early-airport persons are always at ease during the flight
C. early-airport persons get their baggage first after the landing
D. late-airport persons always take things easy
68. Paragraph 5 mainly wants to tell us that .
A. someone always plays tricks on the writer
B. the airlines usually fool passengers
C. early-airport persons always can’t get good seats
D. the service of airlines is very bad
69. This passage is written in order to .
A. give readers tips about taking a plane
B. offer suggestions abo
ut having a good plane trip
C. express the writer’s anxiety about taking a plane
D. show people’s different attitudes toward catching planes
70. It could be inferred that the writer’s wife is .
A. an early-airport woman B. a late-airport woman
C. a hot-tempered woman D. a sensitive woman
Each year, prizes are presented to adults who make great achievements in art, writing, science, and economics. So 
why not give awards to kids?
Harry Leibowitz asked himself that question in 1996. As an answer, he and his wife, Kay, created the World of Children organization and began handing out awards to kids and adults whose work has helped kids all over the world. The awards the World of Children presents are nicknamed（给……起绰号）the “ Children’s Nobel Prize”.
“You know, children are so important,” Leibowitz, a retired business manager, told me. “ We should have prizes for children if we’re going to have prizes for everything else.”
Talia Leman, from Iowa, w
as awarded a Founder’s Youth Award for Leadership this year. She is only 13 years old, but she has completed a lot. In 2005, she founded “ RandomKid”. Since then, it has raised more th
an$10 million to help kids in 48 states in the U.S. and in 19 other countries.
One place helped by RandomKid was a school built in Cambodia to enable 300 kids to go to school. The organization has also helped fix a school for 200 kids in Louisiana, and provided interactive play centers that serve more than 500 kids in hospitals in Iowa. In faraway places like Africa, RandomKid has provided money to buy water pumps（水泵）.
Talia never thought that the organization she founded would be as successful as it has become. She said, “ My first goal was to raise $1million. That seemed really high, but when you reach a goal, you always wind up reaching higher, and we actually raised $10 million.”
I asked her what advice she would offer to other young people who want to help kids in need. “ Well, I’d say the first thing would be to find an adult and tell them your idea,” Talia said. “ They’re really the people who can help, and from there I think 
it can just really take off.”
63. The purpose of the first two paragraphs is to tell us .
A. the origin of the Nobe1 Prize
B. the achievements Harry and his wife made
C. how the “ Children’s Nobe1 Prize” was star
ted
D. how Harry and his wife helped kids
64. The World of Children presents awards to those who .
A. help the kids in the U.S B. realize the importance of education
C. raise a lot of money for the poor D. do a lot to help kids in need
65. Which of the following
is TRUE about Talia?
A. She founded a hospital for 500 kids in Iowa.
B. She offered money to buy water pumps for Africans.
C. She helped teach 300 kids in a school in Cambodia.
D. She built a school for 200 kids in Louisiana.
66. What advice is given by Talia to those who want to help kids in need?
A. To ask for an idea from adults. B. To set a higher goal at first.
C. To win help from adults. D. To make an idea become popular.
A woman and a man were involved in a car accident on a snowy cold Monday morning. Both of their cars became totally damaged. But amazingly neither of them was hurt. God works in mysterious ways.
After they got out of their cars, the woman said, “ So you’re a man. That’s interesting. I’m a woman. Wow, just look at our cars! There’s nothing left, but we’re unhurt. This must be a sign from God that we should meet and be
friends and live together in peace for the rest of our days.”
Flattered（受到了奉承）, the man replied, “ Oh yes, I agree with 
you completely. This must be a sign from God!”
The woman continued, “And look at this, here’s another miracle. My car is completely destroyed but this bottle of wine doesn’t break. Surely God wants us to drink this wine and celebrate our good fortune.” Then she handed the bottle to the man.
The man nodded his head in agreement, opened it and drank half the bottle and then handed it back to the woman. The woman took t
he bottle and immediately put the cap back on, and handed it back to the man.
The man asked, “ Aren’t you having any?”
The woman replied, “ No. I think I’ll just wait for the police…”
60. What was the result of the accident?
A. The drivers were badly hurt.
B. The cars were completely destroyed.
C. The police arrived and saved the drivers.
D. The drivers became good friends.
61. The woman told the man to drink the wine to .
A. thank God’s help B. accept her apology
C. celebrate their survival D. calm down and get relaxed
62. Which of the following words can best describe the woman?
A. Tricky. B. Friendly. C. Generous. D. Optimistic（乐观的）.
第三部分：阅读理解（共20小题；每小题2分，满分40分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
Most people think that the capital of the movie world is Hollywood, in the United States. However, the real movie capital is Mumbai, in India. Mumbai used to be known as Bombay, and so the film industry（工业）there is called “Bollywood”. Bollywoo
d makes twice as many movies each year as Hollywood-more than 800 films a year.
The movies from Bollywood are very different from Hollywood movies. For one thing, Bollywood movies are much longer than most Hollywood movies. Most Bollywood movies are more than three hours long, and contain singing, dancing, action adventure, mystery, and romance ( but usually no kissing). Because Bollywood films contain so many different features, this style of film is sometimes called a “ masala” film.
Another big difference between Bollywood and Holl
ywood movies is the way the movies are made. It takes much longer to make a movie in Hollywood than in Bollywood. In fact, filming may begin on a Bollywood movie before the script（剧本）is even finished. The director and writers can make up the story while the film is being made. Sometimes they will even write the script by hand instead of taking time to type it.
Bollywood actors are very popula
r and some are in such high demand that they may work on several movies at the same time. They may even shoot（拍摄）scenes for several films on the same day using the same costumes and scenery. Since most Bollywood movies follow the same kind of story, shooting scenes for several films at the same time is not a big problem for actors or directors. This also helps keep the cost of Bollywood movies lower than the cost of Hollywood movies. The average Bollywood film, with a budget（预算）of only two million US dollars, seems very cheap compared to the average budget of sixty million US dollars for a Hollywood film -thirty times as much!
56．Which
of the following is the main topic of the reading?
A. Famous stars in Bollywood.
B. The differences between two movie industries.
C. How Bollywood movies are made.
D. The history of movie making in India.
57. Which of the following is NOT true about Mumbai?
A. It is the movie capital of India.
B. The new name is Bombay.
C. More movies are made there than in Hollywood.
D. It is less expensive to make films there than in Hollywood.
58. Bollywood films are often called “ masala” films because .
A. they are very popular B. they are much longer than Hollywood films
C. they show Indian culture D. they mix different styles of movies
59. Which of the following statements would the writer probably agree with?
A. Most Bollywood movies are very similar.
B. It takes a lot of money to make a good movie.
C. Only Indian people can understand Bollywood movies.
D. Hollywood movies are too short.
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