In 1826, a Frenchman named Niepce needed pictures for his business .But he was not a good artist .So he invented a very simple camera. He put it in a window of his house and took a picture of his garden .That was the first photo.
The next important date in the history of photography was in 1837. That year, Daguerre, another Frenchman, took a picture of his reading room .He used a new kind of camera in a different way. In his picture you could see everything very clearly, even the smallest thing. This kind of photo was called a Daguerreotype.
Soon, other people began to use Daguerre’s way. Travelers brought back wonderful photos from all around the world .people took picture of famous buildings, cities and mountains.
In about 1840, photography was improved .Then photographers could take pictures of people and moving things .That was not simple .The photographers had to carry a lot of films and other machines. But this did not stop them, for example, some in the United States worked so hard. Mathew Brady was a famous American photographer. He took many pictures of great people .The pictures were unusual because they were very lifelike.
Photographers also became one kind of art by the end of the 19th century. Some photos were not just copies of the real world .They showed feelings like other kinds of art.The first photo taken by Niepce was a picture of ________
| A．his business | B．his house |
| C．his garden | D．his window |
The Daguerreotype was_______.
| A．a Frenchman | B．a kind of picture |
| C．a kind of camera | D．a photographer |
If a photographer wanted to take pictures of moving things in the year of 1840, he had to_____.
| A．watch lots of films |
| B．buy an expensive camera |
| C．stop in most cities |
| D．take many films and something else. |
This passage tells us_____________.
| A．how photography was developed |
| B．how to show feelings in pictures |
| C．how to take pictures in the world |
| D．how to use different cameras |
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Born in the city, we regard the country life as something far away. We are used to e___66_______in the city. We are even getting used to the noisesand pollution in the city. It has become a p___67___ of our life. I have never been to the country. Nature is a word strange to us. This summer I had the chance to go with my parents on a v___68____ to countryside.
For the first time in my life I have the experience with the country life. Here I r___ 69_____ what a life of nature is. This is a small village far from cities. It is at the foot of a mountain. The life there is s___70____. It is different from the city life.
There are few cars or other t___71_____ on the way. The air is fresh. The sky is high. The people are friendly. They are not as busy as t___72____ in the big city. Everywhere you can find people bathing i___73___ the sun. They drink clean water. The water comes from the mountain. They e___74____the quiet life very much. What’s more, there you can hear the sound of nature. You can find the children p___75___ with water in the river and the dogs running after the people. All these make a wonderfulpicture of countryside. How I love the country life!
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Some people succeed, while others may not. This is because some people have certain qualities, which others do not.
The first thing you must remember is that in order to succeed, you must be optimistic（乐观）. If you do not expect to win, you will not try as hard as people who do expect to win. You also need to have a clear aim and a reason for doing something because motivation（动机） is a key to getting success. If you do not have an aim, then you won’t work hard and put your performance under the microscope（显微镜） to make sure that every detail is right.
Another quality that helps people succeed is creativity---thinking about things in a different way and wondering how others would do the same thing. Think about some successful people you know. They might be successful with a little creativity, but the most successful people are the most creative ones.
Reading is another to success, as it will help you learn about how other people have got success. If you want to learn how to set up a successful business, you should read books about people like Bill Gates and Jerry Yang, who have got amazing success in their areas of business.
Practicing is equally important if you want to be successful because practice makes perfect. Practise every day at whatever career you are in, and by doing so, you will see yourself, your business and your self-confidence begin to grow. If you feel confident about what you do, this confidence will make other people believe in you as well. Your workmates will be happy to work with you, and your boss will give you more responsibility（责任）. Finally if you are a successful person, you will be able to look people in the eye and smile confidently.
Success is yours for the taking! Cheers!
Title ____56____
| Certain qualities |
Supporting details |
| Optimism |
●Try hard ____57______people who do expect to win. ●Have a clear aim and a ____58_____ for doing something because a key to getting success is motivation. |
| Creativity |
●___59___about things in a different way. ●Study how other people would do the ___60_____ thing. |
| ____61_____ |
●Help you know about how ____62______ have got success. ●Read books about ____63____ people such as Bill Gates and Jerry Yang to encourage yourselves. |
| Practicing |
●Know the ____64______ of practice because “Practice makes perfect.” ●Believe in yourself and do ____65______you want to do confidently. |
Think of life as a game in which you are playing with five balls in the air. You name them work, family, health, friends and spirit and you keep all of them in the air. You will soon understand that work is a rubber ball. If you drop it, it will bounce (弹跳) back.
But the other four balls, family, health, friends and spirit, are made of glass. If you drop one of these, they will be broken. They will never be the same. You must understand that and try to have balance in your life. How?
Don’t look down on your worth by comparing yourself with others. It is because we are different and each of us is special.
Don’t let other people set goals for you. Only you know what is best for yourself.
Don’t give up when you still have something to give. Nothing is really over until the moment you stop trying.
Don’t be afraid of difficulties. It is by taking chances that we learn how to be brave.
Don’t shut love out of your life by saying it’s impossible. The quickest way to receive love is to give it; the fastest way to lose love is to hold it too tightly; the best way to keep love is to give it wings.
Don’t run through life so fast that you forget not only where you’ve been, but also where you are going.
Don’t be afraid to learn. Knowledge is a treasure you can always carry easily.
Don’t use time or words carelessly. You can’t get them back. Yesterday is history, tomorrow is a mystery, and today is a gift; that’s why we call it “the present” Life is not a competition, but a trip, step by step.The passage tells us not to _________ because everyone is special.
| A．be afraid of difficulties |
| B．be afraid to learn |
| C．run through life so fast |
| D．compare yourself with others to look down on your worth |
The sentence “Nothing is really over until the moment you stop trying.” means that _____.
| A．Nothing is possible |
| B．If we don’t give up, there is always hope |
| C．You should learn to give up |
| D．Although you try, nothing will change. |
The best way to keep love is to ___________.
| A．say it’s impossible | B．give it |
| C．give it wings | D．hold it tightly |
According to the passage, which is the best title? ___________
| A．Nothing is impossible. |
| B．Glass balls are easy to be broken. |
| C．Things you can’t do |
| D．Treat your life in a right way. |
Taking away a city’s rubbish is a big job. Every day trucks come into a city to collect it. Most rubbish is made up of things we can’t eat or use. If we kept these things we would soon have a mountain of rubbish.
In some cities the rubbish is collected and taken outside of the city to a dump(垃圾站). Often the city dump is placed where the ground is low or there is a big hole. The kitchen rubbish is broken into small pieces and sent into the sewage system. The sewagesystem takes away the used water from toilets, bathtubs(澡盆) and other places.
To keep mice and flies away, some earth is used to cover the newly dumped rubbish. Later, grass may be planted on the rubbish-filled land. Finally, a house or a school may be built there, and then you’d never know that this had once been an old rubbish dump.
In other cities the rubbish is burnt in special places. The fire burns everything but the metal. Sometimes the metal can be used again in factories where things are made of metal. The food parts of rubbish are put in special piles where they slowly change into something called humus(腐殖土), which looks like black earth. It is rich with kinds of things that feed plants and help make them grow.You can most probably read the passage in _______.
| A．a history book | B．a TV guide |
| C．a science book | D．a telephone book |
The underlined word “sewage” in the passage means_______.
| A．排污 | B．染色 | C．洗涤 | D．吸尘 |
According to the passage, the food parts of rubbish can be used again_______.
| A．to feed animals |
| B．to feed plants |
| C．to build a house |
| D．to make machines |
How should we take care of a used metal box according to the passage?
| A．By burning it off. |
| B．By putting it in water. |
| C．By throwing it away. |
| D．By reusing and recycling it. |
Once a small boy lived on a farm which seemed so far away from everywhere.
He needed to get up before sunrise every morning to help his father on the farm. During sunrise he would .a break and climb up on the fence(篱笆)along the side of the farm. He could see a house with golden windows. “If they could afford golden windows, then there must be other nice things inside the house.” He imagined how great it would be to live there. Then he promised himself, “Some day 1 will go there and see this wonderful place.”
One morning, his father would go to the town and told him to stay at home for a rest. Knowing that this was his chance, he took a sandwich and headed across the field towards the house with the golden windows.
As the afternoon went on, he began to know how wrong he was. The house was much farther than he had expected. As he went near the house, he saw no golden windows but instead a place in bad need of a painting. A small girl very close to his age came out of the poor house and stood by the broken fence. He asked her if she had seen the house with the golden windows. The girl said, “Sure, I know.” and invited him to sit on the porch (门廊).As he sat there, he looked back from where he just came. There he saw the sunset turned the windows of his house to gold! Now he understood that everyone had his own house with golden windows.During his break every morning, the small boy would _________.
| A．fix the fence |
| B．eat sandwiches |
| C．climb up on the fence |
| D．walk around the farm |
One morning, when knowing he would stay alone, the boy thought it was a chance for him to_________.
| A．go to the town |
| B．play on the field |
| C．go to see the house |
| D．make the golden windows |
What did the boy find when he got there?
| A．Nobody lived in the poor house. |
| B．No golden windows were in the house. |
| C．The house was so old as he expected. |
| D．The house was nearer than he thought. |
The story tells us that people sometimes may have the thought________ .
| A．Like father, like son |
| B．Love me, love my dog |
| C．Every dog has its day |
| D．The grass is greener somewhere else |
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