The population problem may be the greatest one of the world today. The world’s population is growing faster and faster. Two thousand years ago, there were only 250 million people on the earth. Four hundred years ago, the number was over 500 million. But at the beginning of the 20th century, the world’s population was about 1,700 million. In 1970, the number was3,600 million. In 1990, the number was five billion. A UN report said that the world population had passed six billion by the end of the 20th century. This was just ten years after it reached five billion. By October 31, 2011, with a new baby’s birth, the world’s population has reached 7 billion. But another billion is coming by 2025, and the total will reach 10 billion before the end of the century.
根据短文内容，完成下列各题。每空填一词。
| Time |
World’s population |
| Two thousand years ago |
There were only ____ |
| Four hundred years ago |
The number was ____ |
| At the __ |
The world’s population was about 1,700 million. |
| By the end of the 20th century |
The world population had __ |
| By the year of 2025 |
The world’s population will be ___ |
Assertiveness is the ability to confidently express your opinions, feelings, attitudes, and rights, in a way that doesn't infringe（侵犯） the rights of others.
Many of us are taught that it is not nice to consider our own needs above those of others. If someone says or does something that we don't like, we should just be quiet and try to stay away from that person in the future.
Why is Assertiveness important?
If you don't know how to be assertive, you might experience:
•Depression - Anger, a sense of being helpless, hopeless, or of having no control over your life.
•Resentment - Anger at others for taking advantage of you.
•Frustration - Why did I allow that to happen?
Most people find it easier to be assertive in some situations than in others. This makes perfect sense. It's a lot easier to hold your ground with a stranger than with someone you love. But the more important the relationship is to you, the more ｉｍｐｏｒｔａｎｔ it is to be assertive. Assertive behavior leads to increased respect from others！
But before you decide to act assertively, you have to decide if you can live
with the results. Although assertive behavior usually will result in a positive
response (积极的回应)，some people might react differently.
How to be effectively（有效地） assertive:
•Use "I" statements. Keep the focus on the problem you're having. "I'd like to be able to tell my stories without interruption." instead of "You're always interrupting my stories ! "
•Use facts, not opinions. "Did you know that shirt has a hole?" instead of "You're not going out looking like THAT, are you?"
•Express ownership of your thoughts, feelings, and opinions. "I get angry when he breaks his promises. " instead of "He makes me angry. "
• Make clear and direct requirements. Don't invite the person to say no. "Will you please?" instead of 'Would you mind．．．?" or "Why don't you．．．?"
•Keep repeating your point. Use a low level and pleasant voice. Don't try to explain yourself.
The writer probably agrees that____________.
| A．you should consider others' response before you act assertively |
| B．you should be assertive if you want to get good marks |
| C．assertiveness is the ability to infringe others' rights. |
| D．assertive behavior will bring you bad feelings |
The expression "hold yourｇround" probably means “_________________”
| A．reach an agreement |
| B．insist on your point |
| C．keep your word |
| D．keep on fighting |
Which of the following helps you to be effectively assertive?
| A．Explaining yourself in a soft and sweet voice. |
| B．Expressing ownership of others' thoughts. |
| C．Making requirements directly and clearly. |
| D．Using your opinions instead of facts. |
Our new foreign students are going to arrive very soon, and here are some ways to communicate with them politely.
How close do you stand when you talk to a friend? You can stand close to people in the Middle East but don’t stand too close to North Americans! Give them more personal space.
Do you know How to touch people correctly? Chinese girls often walk arm in arm with their friends. South Americans sometimes hold your arm when they talk to you, so you can’t move away! But in Britain many people don’t like other people to touch them at all.
Do you look at people when you talk? In some places, it isn’t polite to look at people when you talk, but in other countries it isn’t polite to look somewhere else. In Britain and the US, people usually look at each other when they talk.
And how do you say goodbye? That’s easy, wave（挥手） to say goodbye. But be careful! In Greece, it’s not at all polite! In fact, it’s very rude!
根据短文内容，选择正确答案。
From the passage, we should give more personal space.
| A．people in the Middle East |
| B．people in North America |
| C．people in the South America |
| D．people in North China |
The underlined word “touch” means in Chinese.
| A．触碰 | B．打击 | C．感动 | D．震撼 |
We can’t wave to say goodbye in .
| A．America | B．Japan |
| C．Britain | D．Greece |
How many ways are given to communicate with foreign students?
| A．Two | B．Three |
| C．Four | D．Five |
What’s the best title of this passage?
| A．Saying goodbye |
| B．Touching people |
| C．Looking at people |
| D．communicating politely |
Do animals have a culture? What do we mean by "culture"? Recently social scientists have begun to ask if culture is found just in humans, or if some animals have a culture too. When we speak of culture, we mean a way of life that a group of people have in common. Culture is the forms of behavior (行为)hat help people to live together. It is also the forms of behavior that make one group of people different from another group.
Human beings use tools, cooperate with one another, and communicate with language. But these aspects(方面) of human behavior, or "culture", can also be found in the lives of certain animals, Animals can make tools, for example. We used to think that the ability to use tools was the dividing line between human beings and other animals. Lately, however, we have found that this is not the case. Chimpanzees(黑猩猩) can not only use tools but actually make tools themselves. Animals can also share knowledge with each other and use their own language to communicate. So it may be important for us to know that the line dividing us from animals is not as clear as we used to think.
According to the article, "culture" means
A. the languages we learn
B. the good habits we' share with each other
C. the forms of behavior we have in common
From the fact that chimpanzees can use and make tools，we know
A. animals may have a culture like our own
B. animals can be as clever as human beings
C. animals have the ability to help human beings
Which of the following statements is TRUE according to the article?
A. Chimpanzees never help each other.
B' Animals use their own language to communicate.
C. People from different places have the same culture.
The traditional idea about dividing animals from human beings is that
A. human beings can use tools
B. human beings can depend on each other
C. human beings have the language to communicate
The main idea of the article is that
A. the animal culture is different from the human culture
B. knowledge and communication are no longer signs of only human behavior
C. the line dividing human culture from animal culture is not as clear as we might think
More people are buying tickets over the phone or the Internet for travel and other things. Not only are people doing their shopping electronically (电子地), but also many businessmen are giving “electronic tickets” or “e-tickets (电子机票)” to the buyers.
The most common use for electronic tickets today is for air travel. Airlines have surely removed paper tickets by asking more money for them than for electronic tickets. Although some companies offer the choice to buy tickets online, these tickets aren’t electronic, because they can be used by anyone holding the ticket for travel or entrance.
Electronic tickets are usually bought online, over the phone or from travel businessmen. A system online or over the phone will tell you that the ticket is electronic, and will ask you to offer some personal information depending on its requirements (要求). You’ll receive a confirmation (确认) number showing your buying. You should keep this number.
The system will also tell you what must be shown at the time of travel or the event. Photo identification, such as ID card, confirmation numbers and credit cards (信用卡) will probably be required. Make sure that you have the right ID. On the day of the travel or the visit, it will be used often.
根据材料内容选择最佳答案，并将其标号填入题前括号内。
Where may electronic tickets be used most today?
A. In the library.
B. In the train station
C. In the airport.
You have to keep the confirmation number to .
A. show that you have bought the ticket
B. have a lucky number for your travel
C. find your seat number on the plane
What does the underlined word “identification” mean in Chinese?
A. 介绍信 B. 职业申请 C. 身份证明
Which of the following is TURE?
A. E-tickets have a higher price than paper ones.
B. E-tickets have only been used in air travel companies.
C. E-tickets have more personal information than paper ones.
What is the BEST title for the passage?
A. What are paper tickets?
B. What are electronic tickets?
C. How to shop online?
Chuck Wall teaches management and human relations at Bakersfield College. He walked into class one day and told his students that their homework was to perform one act of random(任意的) kindness. His students did not understand the homework and didn’t know what to do, but the professor would not answer their questions. He encouraged his students to work it out for themselves.
One week later, the students entered the classroom excited to share their stories. One student told of giving away blankets to the homeless. Another reported on helping a dog to find its owner, and another student had been trying to find a long, lost friend. Students were energized (给予活力) by the homework assignment and wanted other people to be kind too. With the support of local businesses, the students made stickers to put on cars that invited people to do something kind for others. They sold the stickers and decided to donate the money to a center for the blind---not surprising as Professor Wall is blind.
Since then, similar kindness activities have been started in schools around the world. Many schools organize a Random Acts of Kindness Week, around November 13th, to celebrate World Kindness Day. Some schools use each day of Random Acts of Kindness Week to perform a different kind act, such as making a new friend, helping someone, doing community service, or raising money for a charity. Students learn to consider other people and thank about how small actions can make the world a better place.The professor’s homework was to ask his students _________.
| A．to write about kindness. |
| B．to be kind to strangers |
| C．to spend time helping other |
| D．to go out to raise money |
We learn from the passage that ________.
| A．Chuck’s students are not clever enough |
| B．the students didn’t do Chuck’s homework |
| C．Chuck Wall is an unusual teacher |
| D．no students enjoyed Chuck’s homework |
It is certain that _________.
| A．the students got good grades in Chuck’s class |
| B．kindness activities are not widely accepted |
| C．Chuck Wall was not good at designing homework |
| D．the students only helped people they knew |
In kindness activities students learn _________.
| A．to deal with difficult things |
| B．to do great things every day |
| C．to know about the world |
| D．to consider other people |
Which is the best title of the passage?
| A．Learning Kind Things |
| B．Teaching Kindness |
| C．World Kindness Day |
| D．Bakersfield College |
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