OnChristmasEve—thenightbeforeC

更新 2022-09-03
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On Christmas Eve—the night before Christmas, children are very happy. They put their stockings at the end of their beds before they go to bed. They want Santa Claus to give them some presents.
Mr. Green tells his children that Santa Claus is a very kind man. He comes on Christmas Eve. He lands on (降落) the top of each house and comes down the chimney (烟囱) into the fireplace (壁炉) and brings them a lot of presents.
Christmas Day always begins before breakfast. The children wake up very early. They can’t wait (等待) to open the presents in their stockings. Then they wake up their parents and shout "Merry Christmas!"
Do you know what Christmas means? Christmas Day is the birthday of Jesus Christ. When Christ was born, many people gave him presents. So today, people still do the same thing to each other.
Christmas Eve is ____________.

A．the night before December 24	B．the night after December 25
C．the night of December 24	D．the night of December 25

Santa Claus often puts the presents __________.

A．into Children’s hats	B．into children’s stockings
C．under children’s beds	D．into children’s shoes

Santa Claus comes into the house through(通过) the ________.

A．window	B．door
C．chimney	D．fireplace

On the morning of Christmas Day, children say "________ " to their parents.

A．Good morning!	B．Thank you!
C．Good luck!	D．Merry Christmas!

On Christmas Day, people often give_______ to each other.

A．presents	B．lucky money
C．Christmas trees	D．stockings

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"Growing up， Einstein saw his father struggle to support the family and move the family for different jobs， Einstein had to move between schools and it was challenging for him to catch up with his new class．"

This story about the struggles（奋斗）of famous scientists can't be found in your regular science textbook， but a new study suggested maybe it should be．

In the study， 402 9th﹣ and 10th﹣grade students from four New York City high schools in low﹣income areas were divided into three groups． The students read some 800﹣word stories about Albert Einstein and Marie Curie． The control group read a regular science textbook description about their great achievements． Another group read about the scientists' personal struggles， like Einstein's running away from Nazi Germany． The third group read about the scientists' intellectual struggles， as they tried different experiments﹣﹣﹣ and failed．

As it turned out，the students who had read about scientists' struggles， whether personal or intellectual， had higher grades than students who had read about achievements． Those who weren't getting good grades to begin with gained the most． Those in the control group not only didn't see a grade increase， they had lower grades than the grading before the study began．

"We think that struggle stories showed scientists' weaknesses．" the researchers write， "which creates a sense of connection between the students and scientists． And that may make it easier for students to see them as role models．"

"When kids think Einstein is a talent who is untouchable， then they believe they will never get there， "said lead researcher Xiaodong Lin﹣Siegler， PhD．

If we want to educate a future generation of great scientists， we can start by changing the way we talk about the great scientists of the past． An 800﹣word story about scientists' failures， not just their achievements， in science textbooks will make it happen．

（1）What does the article mainly talk about？　　

A． Learning about struggles of scientists may help students succeed in science．

B． Reading stories of scientists' achievements will help educate future scientists．

C． Science textbooks should describe scientists' failures instead of their achievements．

D． Stories of scientists' struggles may make students see scientists as being untouchable．

（2）From Paragraph 4， we can know that　　．

A． those good at science achieved most from this exercise

B． the control group had lower grades than the other two groups

C． the students' grades in the control group remained the same

D． the students in the third group had the highest grades

（3）What's the main idea for Paragraphs 5 and 6？　　

A． Findings of the study．

B． Explanations from the researchers．

C． Process of the study．

D． Suggestions from the researchers．

（4）In the study， which of the following would the third group probably read？　　

A． Einstein won many awards in his life， including the 1921 Nobel Prize in physics．

B．Going to college was hard for Curie because at that time women were not allowed to attend school． So， Curie had to study at secret classes．

C．By the time she reached college， Curie was able to understand five languages that top scientists spoke at that time．

D．Often working hour after hour and day after day，Curie devoted herself to solving challenging problems and learning from her mistakes．

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This spring， the town of Oso saw twice the usual rainfall． When the sun finally shone， LoAnna and Kris's three older kids ran outside． Inside， LoAnna nursed their four﹣month﹣old Kristian． Suddenly LoAnna heard a loud noise． She rushed outside in time to see a half﹣mile﹣wide mud and sand thundering down the hill toward them， knocking over hundreds of trees．Mudslide（泥流）!

LoAnna gathered everyone into the bedroom farthest from the falling hillside and waited．

Kris got a call from LoAnna． He hurriedly drove home．

Highway 530 was covered with thick sand， fallen trees． Kris had to run home．

The mud came up to his knees． Suddenly he heard a woman screaming for help． He pulled through mud， over pieces of houses to the source of the cries．

At first， he saw an arm reaching up through the debris． There， a woman， buried under pieces of walls，furniture，and trees， was holding a baby． Finally， he freed the baby． By this time， other citizens had come．

After saving the woman， Kris moved on． He was still a mile from home． Ahead lay two fallen houses． He heard a moan． Stepping toward the house， Kris nearly killed himself in the mud． An older man was trapped in house debris． He was twice Kris's weight． He'd have to wait for more help．

Just then， Kris heard another man moaning from the second house． Kris pulled away some pieces of the house， but the man was buried too deeply for him．

Hearing helicopter（直升飞机） on the roof， Kris climbed up， met a member of the search﹣and﹣rescue team and led him to the first man． Then he headed back and kept digging until he could turn the second man over． After the rest of the team arrived， Kris moved on to find his family．

Kris finally reached home． It was flooded， but the mud had stopped just shy of the house． His truck was gone， as were LoAnna and the others． He checked cars and houses nearby for survivors， then ran to the command center．

Not long after he arrived， he saw his truck coming down the road． LoAnna jumped out．

Kris was praised by the Red Cross for his heroics．

（1）The purpose of the first two paragraphs is to　　．

A． create an unusual setting of the story

B． introduce the central idea of the story

C． describe a turning point of the story

D． review the main character of the story

（2）Which of the following is the correct order of the story ？　　

a． Kris found a man buried too deeply for him．

b． Kris heard a woman screaming for help．

c． Kris led a rescue member to save the older man．

d． Kris found LoAnna， kids and his truck gone．

e． Kris was nearly killed in the mud．

A． beacd

B． badec

C． aecbd

D． aedbc

（3）Which of the following sentences is TRUE ？　　

A． Kris saved three persons in all．

B． Kris saved the baby by himself．

C． Kris pulled the first man out of mud．

D． Kris found some survivors near his house．

（4）Which sentence best shows the central theme in the text ？　　

A． Kris got a call from LoAnna．

B． He was still a mile from home．

C． He saw his truck coming down the road．

D． Kris was praised by the Red Cross for his heroics．

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I saved the grain carefully and finally had enough to plant． I built a wall around my garden to keep the wild goats away．

Then when my crop bore its fruit， the birds discovered it． The birds were not afraid of my dog at all． I shot them but as soon as I walked away， they returned． At last， I killed some birds and hung them among the crop， hoping they would serve as the scarecrows， which turned out to be successful． By harvest time， I had nearly two bushels of rice and two and a half bushels of wheat．

With my new grain to store， I found a new problem． The fine grain ran through my baskets． It took me nearly two months to form and dry two ugly pots﹣ one for rice and one for wheat．

Next I formed a clay oven and made some other tools from hard wood and cloth to bake bread． I made and baked bread in my oven． I spent the third year on the island in farming and baking．

Soon after that，I began to think of my days sailing in a tidy boat with Xury． I wished to have a boat and explore the island by sea．

I tried to turn over the ship's boat that I had seen washed up， but failed． I was still determined to have a boat． So I chose a strong tree and spent weeks cutting it down． Then it took me months to turn it from tree to boat．

When it was time to launch， I realized I had made my boat too far from the nearest stream． The boat was far too heavy for me to move． I tried bringing the water to the boat instead of the boat to the water． I soon saw it would take me twenty years of constant labor．

I celebrated my fourth year on the island with two boats， but I was no closer to a sea journey．

﹣﹣﹣﹣Taken from The Adventures of Robinson Crusoe

（1）Paragraph 2 mainly tells us　　．

A． how much rice and wheat I harvested

B． how many tools I made to bake bread

C． how I protected my crop from the birds

D． how I kept the wild goats away from my crop

（2）What does "a new problem" in Paragraph 3 refer to？　　

A． How to plant grain．

B． How to make pots．

C． How to store grain．

D． How to fix the baskets．

（3）By the last sentence "I was no closer to a sea journey"， the writer means　　．

A． I was getting closer and closer to the sea

B． I was getting farther and farther from the sea

C． it was possible for me to have a sea journey in my boats

D． it was still impossible for me to explore the island by sea

（4）What can we infer（推断） from the passage ？　　

A． I managed to turn over the ship's boat．

B． I spent months bringing the boat to the nearest stream．

C． I tried to solve the problems with my courage and wisdom．

D． I spent the third year on the island in farming and baking．

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When Dr． Karen McComb came to Amboseli Park， her first task was to learn the names of the one hundred or so elephants most often seen．

Scientists working in the park have learned to study elephants by watching them up close． They have a list of almost one thousand elephants． There are records for all of the elephants born since 1972． Amboseli was a good place for Dr． McComb to study animal communications． Elephants were a great subject because their lifestyle depends on communication．

Dr． McComb and her team had learned a lot about elephant communication， but they kept on thinking about one puzzling （困惑的） watch． Some families were better at distinguishing （区别） calls of friends from those of strangers．

What made some families smarter than others？ The scientists searched their records for an explanation． To their surprise， there was only one factor （因素） of importance： The "smartest" families always had the oldest grandmothers． A family， as it did in all other activities， waited for some signal （信号） from the grandmother when they heard a strange contact call． And older， more experienced grandmothers were better at telling whether other elephants were strangers or friends just by their calls．

That was an important discovery． It showed how an elephant family depends on the experience of the grandmother．

回答下面5个问题，每题答案不超过5个词．

（1）How do scientists working in the park study elephants？　　

（2）What did Dr． McComb study？　　

（3）What did Dr． McComb and her team do for an explanation？　　

（4）Who does everyone in elephant families listen to？　　

（5）What does an elephant family depend on in all the activities？　　

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In ancient Egypt， women did not go out to work． They stayed and worked at home． Many Egyptian men were farmers． Some men were builders or fishermen． Other men worked as artists． Some other important people did not do any farming．

The weather in Egypt was very hot． Ancient Egyptians did not wear many clothes， Men， women and children often wore simple robes made of thin cloth． On their feet they wore light open shoes． People， including women， shaved（剃） hair from their heads to keep cool．

Children in ancient Egypt grew up to do the same jobs as their parents． Girls stayed at home with their mothers． They learned to look after the home．Boys worked with their fathers． They learned to do the jobs their fathers did． They learned to look after the home Boys worked with their fathers． They learned to do the jobs their fathers did． They only went to school to learn to write if they wanted to become a scribe （抄写员）．

Many of the games played by ancient Egyptians are similar to games we still play today． Children played racing and jumping games． They also played ball games and with wooden toys． Older children played a game like chess．

The kings of Egypt （the pharaohs） had enough power to master their country． The people thought that the pharaoh was a god． He owned everything． Everyone had to do what he told them to do． The pharaohs built huge tombs． When a pharaoh died， he was buried in the tomb． The tombs were often in the shape of pyramids． When a pharaoh was buried． he was surrounded by treasure and by things to help him in the next world， such as food， clothes， furniture and weapons．

Title		Life in （1）　　Egypt
Paragraph headings	Work	Women didn't go out to work， and most of the men worked as farmers，（2）　　builders or fishermen．
	Clothes	•They wore robes made of thin cloth and（3）　　open shoes． •To keep（4）　　，people had their hair cut with shaven heads．
	Children	•Girls stayed at home and（5）　　with their mothers while boy followed in their fathers' footsteps． •Some had to（6）　　to write at school to become a scribe．
	（7）	•Children played almost the（8）　　games as we do today． •Most of the toys they played with were made of（9）　　．
	Pharaohs	The kings were very（10）　　and rich in life． They were buried in huge tombs together with treasure and necessities．

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