When several different people look at the same person，it's not unusual for each of them to see different things；when you alone observe one behavior or one person at two different times，you may see different things.The following are but some of the factors that lead to these changing perceptions(感知认可)．
(1)Each person's perceptions of others are formed by his or her own cultural conditioning education，and personal experiences.
(2)Sometimes perceptions differ because of what we choose to observe and how we deal with what we've observed.It is not necessarily true that person's perception is based on observations of a particular person.Your observations may be totally controlled by what others have told you about this person；or you may focus (聚集)primarily on the situation or role relationship.Most people do not use the same yardstick(标准)to measure their parents，their friends and strangers.
(3)Sometimes we see only what we want to see or don't see what may be obvious to others because of our own needs，desires，or temporary emotional states.This is a process known as selective perception.Selective perception is obviously more difficult when contradictory (矛盾的)information is particularly obvious，but it can be done.We can ignore(忽视)the “stimulus”．He's basically a good boy so what I saw was not shoplifting.
We can reduce the importance of the contradictory information—All kids(孩子)get into mischief(顽皮)．Taking a book from the bookstore isn't such a big deal.“We can change the meaning of the contradictory information.” It wasn't shoplifting because he was going to pay for it later.The first factor given by the author that affects our perception is ________.
| A．the abilities of one's auditory (听觉的)and visual (视觉的)sensors |
| B．cultural background and personal experiences |
| C．experiences one learns from others |
| D．critical measures taken by other people |
While observing a particular person，________.
| A．one is likely to take all aspects(方面)to consideration |
| B．one pays more attention to his/her advantages |
| C．children often differ from grownups in perception |
| D．one tends to choose certain cues(提示)to look for |
Observation of the same person by two people at the same time may differ because ________.
| A．their measuring yardsticks are not the same |
| B．either of them may be slow to catch information |
| C．the time for observation is not long enough |
| D．each of them uses different language to express his/her impressions |
When I was very young，people in our village lived by planting fruit trees.My grandmother always took me to the orchard（果园） on the hill.At that time，they had to carry water from the river at the foot of the hill to halfway up the hill.Even though we worked so hard，the production level of fruit was still low because it was short of water there.
One day，two young men led a group of workers to our village.They learned about the difficulties we faced，and later，canals and other projects began to be built in my village， "Who are they？" I asked. "They are good men from our government，" my grandma replied.
Shortly afterwards，I moved to another city for my junior high school.The only reason I ever came back to my hometown was my grandmother.
One day，my family and I made time to return.We were surprised because everything had changed.The canal ran past every orchard so villagers didn't have to go up and down the hill anymore.The river was now so clean that fish swam happily in it.When we arrived home，my grandma took out some fresh pears and apples.She told us that after the water conservation project（水利工程） was completed a policy（政策） was made to encourage more people to increase the fruit production with clean water in the river.
Thank those good men who have devoted themselves to the development of our countryside.
Nowadays，people work hard to live in a big city，However，we should not forget our hometowns where we are from.
（1）What troubled the villagers most was that .
A.they had too much work
B.it was not convenient to go up the hill
C.they could only grow fruit trees
D.there wasn't enough water in the orchard
（2）The good men came and offered help probably because of .
A.the villagers' suggestions
B.the government's support
C.a school' s practical activity
D.a company's engineering plan
（3）We can infer from the passage that .
A.the grandmother doesn't like to live in the city
B.the village is a place of interest for tourists now
C.there will be more fruit production in the village
D.more people like to work in the countryside nowadays
（4）The underlined phrase devoted themselves to is closest in meaning to .
A.prepared much for
B.donated money to
C.drawn public attention to
D.put much effort into
（5）What can be the best title for the passage？
A.How is a village improved？
B.Who are the good men？
C.Why do people come back？
D.What does a hometown mean？
TECH& LIFE MEMORY HELPER A talented young team from Ireland，the creators of Memory Helper，developed this support app （应用软件） for people with dementia （痴呆）.And they won he final at the 2020 competition，standing out among 5，400 students from 62 countries，Mars Times reported. Last year，Laurs，Aaron and Vicky put their heads together for Technovation Kids（TK），an international competition that encourages teenagers to create an app that solves a community problem. The inspiration for their project came from their teacher's mother，who had dementia and died earlier this year. To complete their project，the three designed an app to support both people with dementia and their caregivers.The app solves some common problems connected with dementia like loss（失去） of memory. "We hope that our app can reach millions of people who have dementia and just make their lives kind of easier，" Laura said. |
（1）The app Memory Helper .
A.is used worldwide
B.is designed for the old
C.helps deal with dementia
D.connects people's brains
（2）Where was the idea of creating Memory Helper from？
A.The illness of a woman.
B.The advice of some students.
C.A scientific problem.
D.An international competition.
（3）The small program Memory Game in the photo is probably to .
A.kill time
B.practice the brain
C.store memories
D.find back lost things
（4）From the material above，we can know that .
A.the photo was provided by Laura
B.Technovation Kids took place in Ireland on June 21
C.Wuhan Daily reported the news before Mars Times
D.the news Memory Helper comes from TECH& LIFE section
（5）The passage mainly tells us .
A.international competitions are important
B.a teacher helped three kids win the final
C.three teenagers have made something useful
D.everyone can realize their technology dream
Zhu Ting is a famous volleyball player in China.On April 28，2020，she was awarded the "May Fourth Medal"，which is the top honor for the young Chinese.
In a social media post，Zhu showed her greetings to China's youth on this special occasion and shared her experience in life and career.
"I woke up in the morning and left for training.It's a new day with new tasks.I will continue to work hard to ①_______ myself，" wrote Zhu. "Coach Lang Ping used to encourage me with the following words： A small progress a day will make you better and make our team stronger."
Zhu Ting was born in Henan Province in 1994. ②_______ the leader of the Chinese women's national volleyball team，who helped the national team win two World Cup titles and one Olympic gold medal，Zhu said that she wasn't always a talent，especially at the beginning.
"I remember that on my first day in training in college，I had the least experience.When we were practicing digging，everyone was better than me.During practice，my teammates would take a break from time to time because they knew what they were doing.I kept practicing and only stopped until my coach told me to."
Zhu believed that there's no shortcut to success，and sometimes dull efforts are necessary.She planned to challenge more new things outside volleyball in the future.She knew that it could take long before she gained some progress，but Zhu believed that as long as she continues to work hard，she will achieve more success.
任务一：请根据短文内容，分别写出①、②处所缺单词。（每空限填一词）
（1）① ②
任务二：阅读短文，从短文中找出与下面句子意思相近的句子。
（2）I didn't stop practicing until my coach told me to.
任务三：请把上文中划线的句子翻译成汉语。
（3）
任务四：请根据短文内容回答下列问题。
（4）When was Zhu Ting awarded the "May Fourth Medal"？
（5）What does Zhu Ting's story mainly tell us in the passage？
"Colour" and "color"， "favourite" and "favorite"， "honour" and "honor"…Have you ever wondered why Americans spell those words without a "u"？Is it because they are lazy？
Of course not.In fact，the difference in spelling was started by Noah Webster（1758﹣1843）.He was a teacher who reformed（改革）English to make American identity（特征）stronger.Linguists（语言学家）celebrate his birthday on October 16 every year.
After the Revolutionary War（1775﹣1783），Webster believed that Americans should have their own dictionary，rather than rely on British dictionaries.
He dropped the British "u" in some words.And he changed "centre" into "center" for children to learn English by spelling words more like what they sounded.He used "subway" instead of British word "underground".Some other examples are "soccer" and "football"， "fall" and "autumn".
Webster wasn't shy about expressing his opinions.In defining（定义）preposterous （unreasonable），he wrote： "A republican government in the hands of female is preposterous."
Webster spent 28 years on the project before completing the 70，000﹣word dictionary with his American﹣style spelling in 1828.He also added local words.
His dictionary was widely used in schools.Linguists believed it helped a new country achieve unity（统一）and cultural independence at a time when most people cared about political freedom.
"He was the creator of our language and the creator of American identity，" said Joshua Kendall，who is working on a book about Webster. "He at last brought us together through our language."
（1）Why do Americans spell some words without a "u"？
A.Because the Americans are very lazy.
B.Because the American English developed when people used it.
C.Because the American government reformed the spelling of words.
D.Because a linguist named Noah Webster started the reform in spelling.
（2）Which is NOT true about Webster's dictionary？
A.It has local words in it.
B.It is a 70，000﹣word dictionary.
C.All the words are spelled without "u".
D.Its words are in American﹣style spelling.
（3）What does the underlined phrase " rely on" in Paragraph 3 mean？
A.依赖.
B.信任.
C.容忍.
D.放弃.
（4）What do people think of Webster's dictionary？
A.It is the only dictionary that Americans still use today.
B.It helped to bring Americans together besides its cultural influence.
C.It has no influence on the development of American English.
D.It helped to make American English more useful than British English.
（5）What's the main idea of the passage？
A.The development of the British English.
B.American English is better than British English.
C.Noah Webster added local words to the dictionary.
D.Noah Webster wrote an American English dictionary and reformed English.
A river is a flowing（流动的），moving stream of water.Usually a river feeds water into an ocean，lake，pond，or even another river.Rivers can differ in size and there is no strict rule on how big a flow of water must be to be called as a river.Here are the five longest rivers in the world.
|
The Nile River The Nile River is 4，135 miles long.It is located in the continent of Africa，mostly in the countries of Egypt and Sudan.It flows north into the Mediterranean Sea. |
|
The Amazon River The Amazon River is 3，980 miles long.It is located in the continent of South America and flows through several countries including Brazil，Venezuela，Bolivia，and Ecuador.It ends at the Atlantic Ocean. |
|
The Yangtze River Located in China，the Yangtze River is 3，917 miles long and flows into the East China Sea. |
|
The Mississippi River and the Missouri River The river system of the Mississippi River and the Missouri River is the longest river system in North America at 3，902 miles.It flows south into the Gulf of Mexico. |
|
The Yenisei River The Yenisei River starts in Mongolia and flows through Russia to the Kara Sea in the Arctic Ocean.It's 3，445 miles long. |
There are 76 rivers in the world over 1，000 miles long.A lot of people think that rivers always flow south，but 4 of the 10 longest rivers in the world flow north.The United States alone has around 3.5 million miles of rivers.Four of the top 10 longest rivers flow through China at some point.
（1）The Nile River is longer than the Yangtze River.
A.155 miles
B.218 miles
C.233 miles
D.690 miles
（2）Which is the second longest river in the world？
A.The Nile River.
B.The Mississippi River.
C.The Yangtze River.
D.The Amazon River.
（3）The Mississippi River ends at .
A.the Mediterranean Sea
B.the East China Sea
C.the Gulf of Mexico
D.the Arctic Ocean
（4）According to the passage，how many rivers are there in the world over 1，000 miles long？
A.10.
B.76.
C.4.
D.35.
（5）What is the last paragraph mainly about？
A.Fun facts about world rivers.
B.In which direction most rivers flow.
C.Rivers over 1，000 miles long in the world.
D.Four longest rivers flowing through China.
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