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更新 2022-09-03
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From the world’s heaviest apple, the oldest lady to the world’s smallest dog, these are all parts of a group of the world’s strangest people and things. And they are all in the Guinness Book of Records(《吉尼斯记录》).
The book is going to celebrate its birthday this August. It began exactly half a century ago. And it’s always one of the best selling books in the world.
People now can break over 1000 records every week! Why do so many people want to break the records? Do they want their names in the book or meet more people around the world? “It gives people a chance to show they’re the best in the world.” said one of the record keepers Stewart Newport.
The book was started by Hugh Beaver from Britain. In 1951, he went shooting birds and talked with his friends about the fastest bird in Europe. Three years later, they were still talking about it. So Beaver believed that people must have different ideas. So, he decided to start a book to record the world’s truly greatest people and things in it!
The newest book came out last Tuesday. This book has a lot of interesting records. Here are two:
☆ A British dog, Whitney, is the world’s smallest dog. It’s only 76mm tall.
☆ An American woman Lee Redmond has the longest fingernails(指甲).They grew as long as 600 mm! She made the record in 1971.
We can see everything in the Guinness Book of Records except .

A．the heaviest fruits and vegetables	B．the smallest people and animals
C．the strangest people and things	D．very ordinary people and things

The Guinness Book of Records has been one of the best selling books for .

A．50 years

B．76 years

C．600 years

D．1000 years

Newport thought many people tried to break Guinness records because .

A．their names be kept in the world records.

B．their names could be seen by the whole world.

C．they could meet more people all over the world.

D．they could be known as the greatest by the world.

Which of the following is right according to the passage?

A．Newport started the Guinness Book of Records in Britain.

B．More than four thousand records are broken each month.

C．The Guinness Book of Records started in the year 1954.

D．The newest book of Guinness comes out every Tuesday.

The writer of this passage wants to .

A．tell us the strangest records in the world

B．show us the beginning of the Guinness Book of Records

C．give us an introduction to the Guinness Book of Records

D．let us know the most interesting things in the world

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Living on an island might sound wonderful． But what if you left for a trip and found you could never return？ What if your home， and even the land it stood on， was gone forever？For people living in the Pacific Islands，this is really possible．

Why？ Climate（气候） change． Climate change is causing the sea to rise． That's bad news for the Pacific Islands． Young people on the islands are even starting to wonder：Will they be the last generation（一代人）？

Not if the islanders have anything to do about it．These people are deeply connected to their homelands． The Pacific Islands are made up of 11 different countries： the Marshall Islands， Fiji， Samoa，and others． But now， those countries are working together． They're joining forces to fight climate change．

Why is climate change such a huge threat to this part of the world？Islands have low elevations（海拔）．So they are among the first places influenced by rising sea levels． That's why countries of the Pacific Islands are working together to do their part．

But these are small countries． When it comes to climate change， can they make a big difference？ They can， because most of the things that people on islands buy are brought by ships．This is very harmful to the environment． After all， ships put out almost 3 percent of the world's carbon emissions（碳排放）．That makes climate change worse．

Pacific Islanders realize the problem． So， in 2019，six countries got together：Fiji，the Marshall Islands， Samoa，Vanuatu， the Solomon Islands， and Tuvalu． They came up with a plan． They agreed to cut carbon emissions from shipping by 40 percent by 2030．And by 2050，they expect zero﹣carbon shipping．

How will they pull this off？ They plan to use some really cool carbon﹣free technologies．They'll make use of solar and wind energy．

Sea levels are rising， but hopes aren't sinking in the Pacific Islands．

（1）What is the bad news for the Pacific Islands according to the passage？　　

A． Some Pacific Island countries have disappeared．

B． The sea level is going up because of climate change．

C． All the sipping to the Pacific Islands has been stopped．

D． The Pacific Islands have nothing to do about the climate change．

（2）The underlined word "threat" in Paragraph 4 probably means"　　"．

A． risk

B． step

C． project

D． development

（3）It can be inferred from the passage that 　　．

A． there will never be zero carbon emissions from sipping

B． solar and wind energy will make climate change worse

C． all the Pacific Islanders may leave their homelands by 2050

D． some Pacific Island countries may have hopes to make a difference

（4）The passage mainly talks about 　　．

A． why other countries are helping the Pacific Islanders fight climate change

B． how some countries are working hard to develop carbon﹣free technologies

C． how Pacific Island countries are working together to fight shipping pollution

D． why Pacific Island countries put out so much of the world's carbon emissions

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Imagine this． There's an apple and a piece of cake on a table． Which one would you like ？The delicious cake or the healthy apple？ A bestseller， Willpower Rediscovering Our Greater Strength ，suggests that willpower（意志力） is the ability to make decisions that are better for us in the long term， rather than in the short term．

Here is a famous experiment in the book：The Marshmallow Test．In 1972，Professor Walter Mischel tested the willpower of 600 four﹣year﹣olds to six﹣year﹣olds．In the experiment，each child was left alone in a room for fifteen minutes with a marshmallow（棉花软糖） on a table in front of them．They were given two choices： they could either eat it or，if they waited fifteen minutes，they'd be given a second one （and then they could eat both）．

So， what did the kids do？ Well， as you can imagine，70% ate the first marshmallow within the fifteen minutes．But the other 30% showed willpower they controlled themselves and waited for the second marshmallow．But then Mischel discovered something really interesting． Twenty years later， he got in touch with the children， who， by then，were in their early twenties．And he found that those who'd shown strong willpower were getting better marks at university and were more popular．

Willpower is like a muscle（肌肉），and the more you exercise it， the stronger it gets．So，if you do daily "self﹣control exercises"，such as making your bed or brushing your teeth，you'll improve your overall willpower． And daily willpower exercises will help you with those bigger goals， such as studying for an exam or training for a marathon．

Be careful though． Just like any muscle， your "willpower muscle" can get tired．If you've had to do lots of things that require willpower， take a break or give yourself a treat．

That way，you'll build up your willpower again．

And one last thing， the writer mentions people who learn foreign languages usually have a lot of willpower． So， congratulations!

（1）How many children got two marshmallows in the Marshmallow Test in 1972？　　

A．180．

B．240．

C．420．

D．600．

（2）In Paragraphs 2&3， the famous experiment explains 　　．

A． more kids have stronger will power

B． will power influences people's lives greatly

C． how people practice children's will power

D． marshmallows can help improve will power

（3）The writer probably agrees that 　　．

A．all the language learners have strong willpower

B．willpower can't be improved by doing some daily things

C．young kids don't need to practice willpower like grown﹣ups

D．people with strong willpower can achieve their goals more easily

（4）According to the passage， people who 　　might have strong willpower．

A． do regular piano practice every day

B． give up morning running halfway

C． eat as much junk food as they like

D． usually get up late on the cold morning

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Seven years ago，Joyce Akinpe moved to Australia to start a new life，finding an exciting job in Sydney．After the outbreak（爆发）of COVID﹣19，she suddenly lost her job．

Seeing that there were many others like herself in trouble from the outbreak，Akinpe and her two roommates， Michelle Gomez and Maureen Lee，brainstormed ideas for how to help their local community．They came up with a street pantry（储藏柜）．Gomez said the idea was very simple，"Take what you need and leave what you can．"

With the help of Gomez's father， they built the Blessing Box﹣a street pantry，with shelves and hanging baskets and two doors made from old furniture．

It sits just at the back of the three girls' home ，so they can look after it．They put some information notices into their neighbors' mailboxes，and the Blessing Box was quickly filled with the donations （捐赠）from the community．"It is the community's strong support that keeps the project alive，"Akinpe said．

"We now have hundreds of people visiting our box every day．It might only take two hours for the box to be full and next hour it might become empty again．We are now helping others to carry out similar projects in their own communities， too，"Gomez said．

Lee said things in the box were mostly convenience foods，as well as some necessary life things such as spaghetti and toilet paper．"Few people take everything at once．They think there are other people who need them more．"Lee added．

There were many people rushing there for donations． The three girls needed to sanitize（消毒） all the donations and make sure all food packages were not broken． Gomez said that they had no time for rest， but what they did was well worth．

（1）Paragraph 2 mainly talks about 　　．

A． the way to build the Blessing Box

B． the help from the local community

C． the purpose of building a street pantry

D． the trouble from the outbreak of COVID﹣19

（2）Put the following sentences in the right order according to the passage．　　

a． The three girls thought up a good idea．

b． The three girls received and sanitized the donations．

c． The three girls put information notices into their neighbors' mailboxes．

d． The three girls built the Blessing Box with the help of Gomez's father．

A． c﹣a﹣b﹣d

B． c﹣b﹣a﹣d

C． a﹣b﹣d﹣c

D． a﹣d﹣c﹣b

（3）Few people take everything they need at once because 　　．

A． they would like to use their own things

B． they think other people need these things more

C． there aren't enough donations in the Blessing Box

D． it's not safe to use the things from the Blessing Box

（4）The best little for the passage can probably be 　　．

A． Challenges through Life

B． Happiness from Strangers

C． Friendship during the Hard Times

D． Kindness behind the Blesing Box

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The story of…

Storytelling

Storytelling is the activity of telling or writing stories． Stories can be real or made up，can be

long or short， and can be about any subject．People have always told stories to please each other or to tell people about their world．

Oral history

Because early people couldn't read or write， they passed on stories by telling them to each other．The storyteller often acted out bits of the history．People still tell stories in this way today．

What is a story？

A story is a made﹣up description of imaginary or real events and people． The Chinese story of Pangu is an imaginary one．

Animal stories

Many stories feature animals as their main characters．These animals speak and dress like real

people， although they often live in animal homes．

Fairy tales

A fairy tale is a story that includes magic and characters such as fairies， witches， goblins or giants．Fairy tales tell the story of good versus evil， and usually have a happy ending． Sleeping Beauty，Aladdin ，and The BOY Who Cried Wolf are all examples of fairy tales．

（1）According to the passage，early people passed on stories mainly by 　　．

A． writing events on the stone

B． drawing pictures on the wall

C． telling stories to one another

D． making marks on the wood

（2）Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage？　　

A． A fairy tale usually has a pleasant ending．

B． The Boy Who Cried Wolf is an animal story．

C． A made up story should be as long as possible．

D． The Chinese story of Pangu is about a real event．

（3）The passage probably comes from the 　　column（栏目） of a magazine．

A． Health

B． Animal

C． Science

D． Education

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How to Get Children to Stop Touching Their Faces

Kids seem like they're always touching everything in their environment， from tables and chairs to doors and stairs． Since those surfaces may hold germs（细菌），you can help your child avoid illness by encouraging them not to touch their face throughout the day．

（1）　　Once your child is about 3 years old， you can begin having conversations with them about avoiding germs， including the importance of washing their hands and how touching their face can spread germs to their nose and mouth． While just knowing this information probably won't help them break the habit， it can help set the groundwork．

（2）　　 If you don't want to criticize（批评） your child when they forget， it is important to remind them when you see them with their hands around their face or mouth． Sometimes， just knowing that they 're doing it will be enough to help them stop doing it．

（3）　　 It can be hard to remember sometimes， but look for chances to let your child know when they're doing a good job of keeping their hands away from their face． Encouraging words can be a really powerful motivation（动机） for kids to keep trying when they 're learning something new．

（4）　　 Children often touch their faces or mouths without thinking about it． Many times， it's just because they're bored and they're looking for a way to excite themselves． If you think that might be the case， try giving your child a toy they can hold onto．

A． Point out any time you see your child touching their face．

B． Encourage your child to wash their face carefully．

C． Offer your child something they can hold．

D． Explain why it's important if your child is old enough．

E． Praise your child when they aren't touching their face．

（5）The passage is most probably chosen from the part of 　　in a newspaper．

A． News

B． Health

C． Sports

D． Business

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