Mostcarshaveseatbeltsaspartoft

更新 2022-09-03
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Most cars have seat belts as part of their equipment. Seat belts protect drivers and passengers in case of accidents. They also reduce the effect of a crash on the body. Worldwide, the devices have protected up to a million people.
America first recognized the invention of an automobile seat belt in 1849. The government gave a patent to an engineer named Edward Claghorn of New York City so that others would not copy his invention of a safety device.   This early version of safety belt was said to include hooks and other attachments for securing the person to a fixed object.
Other inventors followed with different versions of the seat belt.   It resulted from the work of a Swedish engineer, Nils Bohlin. His three-point, lap and shoulder seat belt first appeared on cars in Europe 50 years ago.
Nils Bohlin recognized that both the upper and lower body needed to be held securely in place. His invention contained a cloth strap（带子）that was placed across the chest and another strap across his hips.
Volvo was the first company to offer the modern seat belt to its cars. This company also provided use of Nils Bohlin's design to other car-makers.
He received a gold medal from the Royal Swedish Academy of Engineering Sciences in 1995. He died in Sweden in 2002.

A．The Swedish engineer won many honors for his seat belt.

B．Claghorn was a promising young engineer with many honors all his life.

C．The design joined the straps next to the hip.

D．There are many companies adopting Nils Bohlin's invention of the belt.

E. Safety experts say that seat belts save thousands of lives a year in America alone.
F. But more than 100 years passed before the current seat belt was developed.
G. Claghorn called his invention a safety belt.

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根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，选项中有两项为多余选项。
How and What to Study Before Exam
Study for an approaching exam．Studying hard for a few days can be tiring, but it always pays off ! Most people clearly recall the fear they felt when they realized that an exam was drawing near．If you’re in this situation, don’t worry．Many people have proven that there is still enough time to study, if you do it properly．Here are some strategies to help you．
1   Fear will only make your situation worse．If you are focusing on the horror, not on the knowledge of an exam ,you are more frightened．It is certain that you can’t do well in the exam．If you are nervous, take deep breaths, keep calm and find yourself strategies to help you．
2    Exams usually cover a few main ideas, concepts, or skills．When you are short of time, focus your energies on the key areas．Review the highlighted topics in textbooks and the parts your teacher stressed repeatedly．   3
Determine what subjects you don’t know enough and are not clear about． 4   The parts you know more about still need reviewing, but they will come to you more easily． So try to focus on the more challenging topics．
Studying together can be helpful．You don’t get extra points for doing it alone．Classmates can be helpful in studying, and choose someone who will be able to help you．Ask for help from your parents, brothers or sisters． 5    From a study group, not only do you have additional help , you also have the advantage of studying with people you know well．

A．Do more study on these topics．

B．They may really appreciate being asked．

C．This way, you will for sure work harder．

D．They are all clues to what are really the vital topics．

E．Realize that last-minute studying is not the best way to study．
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在某访谈节目中，五位嘉宾分别回答了来自主持人的五个问题，对少年儿童提出建议。请从下列提问（A, B, C, D, E和F）中选出与嘉宾的回答相匹配的问题。
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A．Whatwouldyousaytoteenswhoaresufferingfromdepression?	B．Doyouhaveanysuggestionsforsomeoneinterestedinyourjob?
C．Doyouhaveanysolutionsforteens’writingdifficulty?
D．What advice can you give a young person on how to be a filmmaker or a writer?

E. Do you have any advice to offer others wishing to become a writer and doctor?
F. After all these years in the limelight, how do you deal with critics?
1._________________________________________
George Lucas’ answer
Well, I would say you have to be persistent first of all, because it’s a very hard thing to get into, and it’s very hard to make it because the odds are against you. So you have to really love it; kids who get into it because they think they’re going to make a lot of money or be famous or tell a lot of people what to do all the time will never make it. But if you’re obsessed with film and you love to tell stories and you love writing in that medium, then that will give you the strength to be persistent and make it happen.
2. _________________________________________
Tom Fontana’s answer
I’ve never had writer’s block. I’m trying my luck because I’m hoping never to have it. As far as suggestions, I don’t know. If you write at the same time every day, your brain and your heart will be there, ready to go to work. It’s like how you eat at the same time over the course of the day – you should be available to write at the same time every day. If you have nothing to write, you should still write. Whether you write your name 100 times or describe a banana. If you write for five minutes, and you just get the words down, at least you’re doing something.
3. _________________________________________
Drew Barrymore’s answer
I would just say to persevere and find people who are safe and honest and who will give you tough love and guide you through, because you really can’t do everything on your own. You need love and support around you, and to believe that you will get past these hard times. You will overcome. Things will get better. Life is a series of ups and downs, and the good news is that when you’re in a low, it will always go up again. Life is not a free journey. There are a lot of lessons you have to learn along the way, but just appreciate the gift of it and find people who will be honest with you.
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Richard Seltzer’s answer
Become a doctor first because a writer doesn’t make a living – you have to support yourself and your family. But writing is a very individual thing. It’s like your fingerprint – on one else has exactly your style. A lucky writer will discover his or her style but an unlucky one will always be trying to force himself into an unnatural writing style. It’s uncomfortable, and for them, writing is painful. I’ve never suffered. My life has been a series of small, everyday events. If I feel I have rendered on little bit of life in the most compelling language I can find and am satisfied with it, that is an event I cherish.
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Ms. Jamie Hobart’s answer
It is a long road after medical school and internship but my job is different every day and very interesting. Not everyone can do this job. Autopsies are very different from any other medical job. Here we don't really let anyone under 18 watch or participate in an autopsy. So take a basic anatomy course in college and if you don't mind the cadavers, then you might follow it further. You have to have a very strong stomach and a strong interest in the science. If you decide you really like forensics (the work of scientists who examine evidence in order to help the police solve crimes) but don’t want to do autopsies there are lots of other things in the forensic field like the DNA labor various evidence – related specialties.

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下面文章中有5处需要添加小标题。请从以下选项（ A、B、 C、D、E和F）中选出符合各段意思的小标题，并在答题纸上将相应选项的标号涂黑。选项中有一项是多余选项。

A. Find a fiction book.
B. Learn how to read your card.
C. Find your non-fiction book.
D. Decide if you want to search by author, title or subject.
E. Learn to find the card you need.
F. Understand the Dewey Decimal System.

The card catalog was once found in every library. Most libraries have now replaced the card catalog with a computerized cataloging system. However, some libraries still have the set of drawers with thousands of cards inside, and some library patrons still prefer the hands-on approach to researching the information they need. Cards are set up alphabetically in long drawers. Different types of cards are kept separate from each other so you may search by author, title or subject. Learning to use the card catalog can help you find the book you want without waiting for a computer terminal.
Instructions:
1______
Once you have found the card for the book you want, write down the numbers and letters at the top of the card and the title and author of the book. The numbers at the top are how the book is cataloged using the Dewey Decimal System, and the letters are the first three letters of the author's last name. Your library will have the numbers at the end of the stacks (the shelves of books), so find the stack your book is located in, then scan the shelves of that stack until you locate the number on the card. More than one book can have the same number, so you will narrow down your search if you have the first three letters of the author's name.
2______
The cards in a card catalog reference other cards. An author card will also have a book title and subject, a title card will have the author and subject, and a subject card will have author and title. This is handy for cross-referencing, so if you want to read a book on beekeeping, you can look that up in the subject cards and find an individual card on each book the library carries on beekeeping.
3______
If you want to look up a book by Stephen King, find the author cards in your library's card catalog, and look under "K". The cards are organized by last name and are broken down into the individual drawers. Sometimes a letter will take up more than one drawer, so you may find drawers that have "Ka-Ke" and then "Ki-Kr." Stephen King will be in the drawer with "Ki-Kr." You would find a card in a similar manner by title or by subject by finding the drawer with the corresponding letters such as "Be" for beekeeping in the subject cards or "Wr" for "The Writer's Market" ("The" is not considered part of titles).
4______
This isn't required to use the card catalog, but it can make searching for your book a little easier. The numbers range from 000 to 999; 000-099 are general subjects, 100-199 are psychology and philosophy, 200-299 is religion, 300-399 is social science, 400-499 is language, 500-599 are natural science and math, 600-699 is applied sciences, 700-799 is art, 800-899 are literature and plays, and 900-999 are geography and history.
5______
The author card will have a call number at the top, a line with the author's name with last name first, then lines for the title of the book, its publisher, a brief summary and subject listings. For an author with many books like Stephen King, there will be a card for each of his books in alphabetical order. Title cards are similar but have the title first, then the author in the following line. Subject cards have the subject in all capital letters at the very top of the card and the same information as on an author's card. Many cards on the same subject will be organized by the authors' last names.

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（共5小题；每小题3分，满分15分）
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Many people think of guys as being carefree when it comes to their appearance. But in fact, a lot of guys spend plenty of time in front of the mirror. They care just as much as girls do about their body image.
Body image is a person’s opinions and feelings about his or her own body and physical appearance.   1  You appreciate your body for its capabilities and accept its imperfections.
2  Here are some ideas:
Recognize your strengths. Different body types are good for different things. What does your body do well? Maybe your speed, strength, or coordination makes you better than others at a certain sport. That may be basketball, table tennis, mountain biking, dancing, or even running. Or perhaps you have non-sports skills, like drawing, painting, singing, playing a musical instrument, writing, or acting.   3
Exercise regularly. Exercise can help you look good and feel good about yourself. Good physiques(体形)don’t just happen.   4  A healthy habit can be as simple as exercising 20 minutes to 1 hour three days a week. Working out can also lift your spirits.
Respect your body! Practising good habits－regular showering; taking care of your teeth, hair, and skin; wearing clean clothes and so on－can help you build a positive body image.
5  Your body is just one part of who you are. Your talent for comedy, a quick wit(智慧), and all the other things make you unique. So try not to let small imperfections take over.

A．Use this as an opportunity to discover what you’re good at.

B．Be yourself.

C．Having a positive body image means feeling satisfied with the way you look.

D．Just explore talents that you feel good about.

E. They take hard work, regular workouts, and a healthy diet.
F. The good news is that self-image and body image can be changed.
G. So, what can you do to develop a positive body image?

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下面文章有5处需要填入合适的内容。请从以下选项（A、B、C、D、E和F）中选出最恰当的内容。
A. Keep your expectations realistic
B. Call a friend right before the date
C. Show up on time
D. Dress comfortably
E. Make eye contact
F. Telling the truth
Many of us get nervous just at the mention of a first date, but it really doesn't have to be such a big deal if you' re prepared. That's where this article comes in. After interviewing hundreds of singles all over the U.S about their first date experienced, we've put together a list of first date dos and don' ts to help out.
1. ___________
Staring at your hands, at the table, or at the guy in the blue shirt sitting at the next table doesn't exactly say "I dig you". You might do that out of shyness on your part, but keep in mind that the person sitting in front of you might not understand that and take it personally. Of course don't stare too hard, it might look a little freaky, but make sure your eyes meet often enough to keep both of you going.
2. ____________
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3. _____________
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4. _____________
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5. _____________
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